9AU8reading知识点归纳

9AU8reading-grammar知识点归纳I.重点词汇学习A.词性变换murder--(n.)_________salesman--(复数)_______bleed--(过去式)______，--(过去分词)______enemy--(复数)______break--(过去式)______，--(过去分词)______breathe--(n)______kidnap--(n)______thief--(复数)--______attack--(n)______like(adj)--______usual--(反义词)______serious--(比较级)______，--(最高级)______cruel--(比较级)______，--(最高级)______die--(adj)_______--(n)_______guilt--(adj)_______want--(adj)_______witness--(复数)_______lead--(过去式)______，--(过去分词)______B.词汇辨析：1.besides与exceptbesides的意思是“除……之外（还）”，通常表示包括在内；而except是“除……之外”，表示不包括在内,相当于“but”。EX.1.EveryonewenttothePalaceMuseum________Tom.2._______Chinesehealsostudiedmanyothersubjects.3.MrLingavethetextbookstoallthestudents______theoneswhohadalreadytakenthem.4.Nooneexceptmyparents_______(know)anythingaboutit.2.happen/takeplace(1)happen不及物动词，无被动语态。相关句型:1)(sth.)happentosb./sth.某人/物出了某事eg.Ifanythinghappenstothemachine,doletmeknow.2)(sb.)happentodo…“碰巧做……”eg.Ihappenedtobeoutwhenyoucalled.3)Ithappenedthat…+主语从句“碰巧……”eg.IthappenedthatIhadreadthearticleontheexamsheet.(2)takeplace有一定的计划性，没有偶然性。eg.TheschoolsportsmeetingwilltakeplacenextMonday.EX:().Peopledidn’tknow_________duringthenight.A.whatwashappenedB.whatthemurderhappenedC.whathappenedD.howthemurderhashappened3.gone,lost,missing的区别D.词汇解析：against(1)表示“反对”“对着”“违反”“不利于”等。（beagainst反义词组befor）如：Weareallagainsthisidea.Therewere20votesforhimand12againsthim.(2)表示“靠着”“顶着”“迎着”“衬着”等。如：Hestoodwithhisbackagainstthedoor.Hehithisheadagainstthewindow.(3).注意against是介词，不是动词,所以后接动词时要用动名词。如：I’magainst(do)anythingtillthepolicearrive.EX.()MrBlackstrongly______keepinganimalsinthezoo,becauseanimalsshouldalsohavetherighttoenjoyfreedom.AforBupCagainstDdownII.重点词组学习严重的多muchmoreserious（注意serious比较级）可能做某事belikelytodosth在门口inthedoorway不见了；消失了gomissing=bemissing因谋杀而被通缉bewantedformurder某人的电话bewantedonthephone任何不同寻常的事anythingunusual其它地方somewhereelse最后一次被看见正在做某事belastseendoing在犯罪现场/时间atthescene/timeofthecrime被用刀袭击beattackedwithaknife流血致死bleedtodeath结果asaresult尤其对...感兴趣beparticularlyinterestedin打斗的迹象evidenceofastruggle进行（激烈地搏斗）putup(agoodfight)一份高薪工作awell-paidjob犯有……罪beguiltyof…被指控bechargedwith闯入电脑系统breakintocomputersystems与某人树敌makeenemieswithsb跟某人联系的号码是……contactsbon…谋杀案的证人thewitnesstothemurder气喘嘘嘘breatheheavily/hard=outofbreath有证据证明…haveevidencetoprove…证明是…prove(sb)tobe…提拱…(钱)的奖赏offerarewardof…(money)for为……导致某人被捕leadtothearrestofsb不止一个攻击者morethanoneattacker(谓语动词为单数）做些违反法律的事dosomethingagainstthelawEX:1.----Whosearethetoolsoverthere?-----Perhapstheyarethe________(thief).Theyleftthemtherelastnight.2.The________(die)oftheoldscientistisagreatlosstoourcountry.3.Theboywasseen___________(struggle)withashoplifterat7p.m.yesterdayevening.4.Afterstealingthemoneyfromthepooroldmanagain,theboyfelteven_________(guilty).5.Oneofhis_________(attack)isan18-year-oldman.6.It’sraininghardoutside._____________(因此),wehavenochoicebuttostayathome.7.Please____________(查明)whobrokeourwindowjustnow.8.Inthemorningtakingawalkand_______(呼吸)somefreshairaregoodforyourhealth.(无锡)9.Thecriminal________________(被指控)robberytwicebytheendof2010.10.Theengineer’sflat___________(闯入)lastnight.Luckily,therewasnobodyathomethen.III、重点句型学习1.Whyareyoudressedlikethat,Eddie?【解析】be/getdressedin+颜色/衣服=wear..=bein..=haveon…穿着……衣服（强调状态）dressup盛装,打扮,装饰,伪装dresssb./oneself给某人/某人自己穿衣服EX.(1).TheChinese_______inredwhentheygetmarried.A.dressedB.aredressedC.wearD.areworn2.Hewaslastseenleavinghisofficeatabout7p.m.【解析】(1)see/hear/watch/noticeseesbdoing被动语态---beseendoingIsawherdancingintheclassroomyesterday.（被动语态）seesbdosth被动语态beseentodosth（改被动语态要加to）Ioftenseehimplaythegame.（被动语态）EX.(1).Helikeswatchingthegoldfish________(swim)around.(2).Heisoftenseen______(play)theguitar.(5).Shewasheard________(sing)intheroomat9lastnight.(6).Hewasseen______(drive)atthespeedof100kilometresanhourwhentheaccidenthappened.(7).Thecomputerprogrammerwaslastseen________(leave)hisofficeinNewTownat7p.m.【注意】使役动词：注意make/let的被动用法（2）leave的用法:1)离开2)使...处于某种状态3)落下...4).....剩下EX.“leave”的用法,说出下列句中leave的不同含义。leaveNanjingleaveforNanjingleaveNanjingforShanghaileavethebabyaloneIsthereanywaterleft?leavehermykeyinmyoffice3.Weareparticularlyinterestedinhearingformanyone(whosawanythingunusualnearUpperStreet).【解析】beparticularlyinterestedin尤其对...感兴趣especially,specially,particularly辨析①especially意为“非常地”或“尤其”，通常用于强调某事物，或表示该事物比其他谈论的事物更值得一提或重要，强调程度。Itcanbeespeciallydifficultfordriverstoseecyclistsatnight.Ihateinterruptions,especiallywhenI’mtryingtowork.②specially表示“专门地”。通常用于表示所做之事因某种特殊目的而异于平常。Ihavecomespeciallytoseeyou.③particularly尤其，特别，格外，通常指以不同寻常的方式突出某一事物的个性或独特之处，与especially通用。但它更强调与众不同Heisparticularlygoodatmaths.【练】(1).Weare_______(particular)gratefultohimforhistimelyhelp.(2).OnTeachers'Day,weallwenttoschool______toseeourteachers.AespeciallyBspeciallyCspecialDspecific(3).Girlsare_________interestedinshoppingaround.AspecialBespecialCspeciallyDespecially4.Theyarestillworkingatthesceneofthecrimetofindoutwhetherthevictimwaskilledsomewhereelse….orkilledattheplacewherehewasfound.【解析】注意只用whether不用if的情况①介词+whetherThey’retalkingaboutwhethertheweatherwillbefine.②whether+toIdon