基于51单片机的交通信号灯系统

摘要：随着世界范围内科技的发展，社会的进步，但也导致城市化进程的加快，越来越多的人也买得起车了，从而导致交通拥挤的现象时有发生。由此可以看出，简单的十字路口交通信号灯已经不能适应现代化发展的潮流，因此需要一个更加合理、有效的智能交通灯控制系统来缓解城市交通的压力。在现代，利用单片机来实现交通信号灯的控制成为了我们调控交通的主流。运用单片机控制交通信号灯比较方便，而且性能高，易于控制。所以，我们有必要对这一课题进行一次系统的研究学习。在本次毕业设计中，我的主要设计任务是在一个十字路口设计一个交通信号灯控制系统，并且利用单片机来对该系统进行合理的控制。本系统由AT89C51单片机、交通信号灯状态控制电路、LED数码管显示电路、按键电路组成。系统除了拥有基本交通信号灯状态控制功能外，还具有倒计时、时间设置等功能。关键词：单片机交通信号灯AbstractWiththeworldwidedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,theprogressofthesociety,butalsoledthecitytospeedup,moreandmorepeoplecanaffordtobuyacar,causingtrafficcongestionphenomenon,canbeseen,trafficlightsatthecrossroadsofsimplealreadycannotadapttothemoderndevelopmenttrend,soweneedasmarttrafficthelampismorereasonable,effectivecontrolsystemtoalleviatethecitytrafficpressure.Inmoderntimes,toachievecontroloftrafficlightsusingSCMintothemainstreamofourtrafficregulation.Theuseofsingle-chipmicrocomputertocontrolthetrafficsignallampisconvenient,highperformance,easytocontrol.Therefore,wearenecessarytostudyasystemonthissubject.Inthisgraduationdesign,themaindesigntaskistodesignacontrolsystemoftrafficlightsatacrossroads,andtheuseofsingle-chipmicrocomputertothereasonablecontrolofthesystem.ThissystemconsistsofAT89C51microcontroller,akeycircuit,thestateofthetrafficlightscontrolcircuit,LEDdigitaltubedisplaycircuit.Inadditiontothebasicstateofthetrafficlightscontrolfunction,butalsohasacountdown,timesettingandotherfunctions.Keywords：SCM,trafficsignallamp目录1绪论··············································································································11.1交通控制系统的设计背景·······························································································11.2交通控制系统设计的现实意义······················································································11.3国内外交通信号灯系统的发展情况············································································11.4主要研究内容·····················································································································22单片机交通控制系统方案设计·······································································32.1单片机交通控制系统的通行方案··················································································32.2单片机交通控制系统基本原理及所要实现的功能·················································32.2.1基本原理··························································································································32.2.2所要实现的要求············································································································32.3单片机交通控制系统框图·······························································································43系统硬件电路的设计·····················································································53.1控制芯片AT89C51单片机······························································································53.1.1AT89C51单片机简介····································································································53.1.2AT89C51单片机的主要性能······················································································53.1.3单片机组成及结构·······································································································53.1.4单片机各引脚功能·······································································································63.1.5AT89C51的中断源·········································································································83.2LED数码管···························································································································83.3发光二极管··························································································································93.4各电路模块设计···············································································································103.4.1单片机最小系统··········································································································103.4.2交通信号灯显示电路·································································································103.4.3倒计时显示电路··········································································································103.4.4按键操作电路···············································································································114系统程序设计······························································································134.1主程序框图·························································································································134.2交通灯闪烁子程序··········································································································134.3LED数码管显示子程序··································································································144.5红绿灯时间调整程序·····································································································155交通灯控制系统仿真与调试········································································185.1开发软件—KeilC51·······································································