基于FPGA的FIR数字滤波器设计

II*****大学毕业论文设计题目基于FPGA的FIR数字滤波器设计作者****学院********学院专业电子信息技术与科学学号1110802****指导教师****II摘要FIR（FiniteImpulseResponse，FIR）数字滤波器被大量的运用因为其良好的特性属于数字信号处理的基本模块之一。在工程实践中，我们对信号处理的实时性和灵活性有很高的要求，而己有的一些软件和硬件实现方式则难以同时达到这两方面的要求。本文研究了基于FPGA的FIR数字低通滤波器的设计及实现，其主要工作如下:(1)以FIR数字滤波器的基本理论为依据，在MATLAB上通过等波纹逼近法计算得出滤波系数，并分析其幅频、相频特性判断是否满足要求。(2)在FPGA的设计中，采用了层次化、模块化的设计思想，将整个滤波器划分为多个功能模块，利用Verilog语言和原理图输入两种设计技术进行了各个功能模块的设计，并用MATLAB、QuartusII软件进行了仿真。最终完成了FIR数字滤波器的系统设计。(3)将设计的64阶的FIR低通滤波器下载FPGA(EP2C5T114C8N)芯片中后，用示波器观察到设计结果符合要求，证明了所设计的FIR数字滤波器功能正确。且其结果也表明了FPGA来实现FIR滤波器，既具有实时性，又有一定的灵活性。关键词：FIR数字滤波器；MATLAB；可编程逻辑器件；模块化算法IIIAbstracttheFIRdigitalfilterisusedformanypracticalapplicationsforitsgoodlinearphasecharacter,anditprovideanimportantfunctionindigitalsignalprocessingdesign.Inengineeringpractice,thereisalwaysareal-timeandflexiblerequirementforsignalprocessing.However,softwareandhardwaretechniquesavailableforimplementationaredifficulttomeetthedemandforthetwoaspectsinthesametime.(1)WiththebasictheoryofFIRdigitalfiltersforbasis,InMATLABthroughcorrugatedapproximationmethodsuchascalculatedfiltercoefficient,andanalyzestheamplitudefrequency,phasefrequencycharacteristicsdeterminewhethermeettherequirements.(2)IntheFPGAdesign,thearrangement,modulardesignthought,thefilterwillbedividedintomultiplefunctionmodule,theuseoflanguageandVerilogprinciplechartinputtwodesigntechnologyofeachfunctionmoduledesign,withMATLAB,QuartusIIsoftwaresimulation.EventuallycompletedtheFIRdigitalfilterssystemdesign.(3)Downloadthe64orderofthedesignofthelowFIRfilterintoFPGA(EP2C5T114C8N)chip,withanoscilloscopetoobservethedesignresultaccordswitharequirement,ShowthedesignofFIRdigitalfiltersfunctioncorrectly.AndtheresultsalsoshowthattheFPGAtoachieveFIRfilter,hasboththereal-timeproperty,alsohasthecertainflexibility.Keywords:FIRdigitalfilters;MATLAB;Programmablelogicdevice;Modularalgorithm******大学本科生毕业设计（论文）IVIV目录第一章研究的背景和意义...........................................................................................................11.1课题的研究背景.........................................................................................................11.2国内外的研究现状.....................................................................................................11.3研究思路.....................................................................................................................1第二章FIR数字滤波器..........................................................................................................22.1数字滤波器概述.........................................................................................................22.2数字滤波器的性能指标.................................................................................................32.3数字滤波器系统结构.....................................................................................................32.4线性相位特性.................................................................................................................42.5FIR滤波器的基本结构..................................................................................................52.5.1直接型.................................................................................................................52.5.2级联型.............................................................................................................62.5.3线性相位型结构.................................................................................................62.5.4频率采样型.....................................................................................................7第三章FIR数字滤波器设计与仿真............................................................................................83.1利用MATLAB计算FIR滤波系数...................................................................................93.1.1emez函数的最优化法....................................................................................93.1.2量化与量化误差量...........................................................................................103.2FIR滤波器的各模块设计........................................................................................113.2.1带噪声信号发生器的设计...............................................................................123.2.2位移寄存器（延时）、一级求和的设计...................................................133.2.3滤波系数模块...............................................................................................133.2.4二级求和与结尾处理模块...........................................................................14第四章系统调试......................................................................................................................164.1EP2C5T114C8N最小系统电路图..............................................................................164.2DAC0832原理及电路图.................................................................................................164.3系统调试及结果.......................................................................................................17结论...........................................................................................................................................19致谢2