对外经济贸易大学2006年语言学考研真题

对外经济贸易大学2006年语言学考研真题考试科目：专业英语SectionOneMultipleChoiceQuestions（15points）（1）Virtuallyeverysentencethatapersonuttersorunderstandsisabrand-newcombinationofwords,appearingforthefirsttimeinthehistoryoftheuniverse.Therefore,alanguagecannotbearepertoireofresponses;thebrainmustcontainarecipeorprogramthatcanbuildanunlimitedsetofsentencesoutofafinitelistofwords.Thatprogrammaybecalleda_______grammar.Itshouldbenotconfusedwith____or____grammarsthatarejustguidestotheetiquetteofwrittenprose.a)Proscriptive-teaching-mentalb)Mental-prescriptive-descriptivec)Teaching-descriptive-mentald)Mental-teaching-descriptive（2）Theconsonant[s]intheword“smile”canbedescribedas:a)voicelessoralalveolarfricativeb)voicelessnasalbilabialliquidc)voicedoralalveolarplosived)voicedoralbilabialfricative（3）Whichofthefollowingisnotaminimalpair?a)[li:f][fi:l]b)[sip][zip]c)[sai][sei]d)[leit][feit]（4）Whichofthefollowingwordsisformedbytheprocessofblending?a)WTOb)Motelc）Bookshelfd)red-faced（5）DeterminewhichofthefollowingdescriptionisthesymptomofWernicke’saphasia?a)Thepatientsareoftenreferredtoasagrammaticbecauseoftheirparticularproblemswithsyntax,especially,withdamagetothefrontalcortex.b)Thesepatientsproduceordinaryfluentspeechwithgoodintonationandpronunciation,butwithmanywordsubstitutions.c)Thesepatientsproduceungrammaticalutterancesomittingfunctionwordslike‘a’or‘the’or‘was’andpartsofwordslikethepasttensesuffix–ed.d)Theyarecharacterizedbyword-findingdifficultiesanddisturbedwordorder.（6）Thestatementthatsupportstheargumentthathumanbrainisstructuredinaformofmoduleis________-a)Mentalgrammarisunconscious.b)PeopledonothaveUGwhentheyareborn.c)Patientscanhavesplit-brains.d)Therelationshipbetweensoundandmeaningofawordisarbitrary.(7)Thespeechacttheorywasdevelopedby____________.a)JohnSearleb)JohnAustinc)Levinsond)G.Leech(8)InKrashen'smonitortheory,iini+1hypothesisofsecondlanguageacquisitionrefersto__________.a)interactionb)interferencec)inputd)intake(9)Wavemodelisawaycreatedtorepresent___________.a)senserelationsb)semanticfieldc)syntagmaticrelationsd)languagefamilies(10)Whichofthefollowingdoesnotbelongtothecomputationallinguistics？a)machinetranslationb)corpuslinguisticsc)speechrecognitiond)empiricalstudy(11)SynonymsinEnglishcanbedividedintothreedifferentcategoriesa)nounsynonym,verbsynonym,adjectivesynonymb)dialectalsynonym,stylisticsynonym,relationalsynonymc)dialectalsynonym,complementarysynonym,collocationalsynonymd)dialectalsynonym,stylisticsynonym,collocationalsynonym(12)Thestatementhaveneverseenthemanbeforeindicates____________oftheillocutionarypoint.a)directivesb)expressivesc)representativesd)commissives(13)WhichofthefollowingisNOToneofthefourmaximsoftheCooperativePrinciple?a)themaximofquantityb)themaximofqualityc)themaximofmannerd)themaximofstrength(14)Vocabularychangeinlanguagecanincludeallexcepta)additionofnewwordsb)simplificationofwordformsc)lossofwordsd)changesofwordmeaning(15)Accordingtothetheoryofconversationalimplicature,intheconversationA:Shallwegetsomethingforthekids?B：Yes.ButIvetoI-C-E-C-R-E-A-M,‘B’simplicatureis____________.a)Idon'twantthekidstoknowwearetalkingaboutgettingthemsomeice-cream.b)Iwanttotellthekidshowtospellthewordbeforetheyeatit.c)Iagreetogetsomethingforthekids,butnottheice-cream.d)Iwanttoemphasizethatwhatthekidswillgetisice-cream,nothamberger.SectionTwoDeterminewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalseandmarkeachwithaTorF.(10point.)1)Englishconsonantscanbeclassifiedtwocategories:voicedandvoicelessconsonants.2)Whereverhumansexist,languageexists.3)Allhumanlanguageutilizeafinitesetofdiscreteunitstoformaninfinitesetofpossiblesentences.4)Thewordof“impossibility”containsfourmorphemes.5)Bilabialconsonantisproducedwhentheobstructionispartialandtheairisforcedthroughanarrowpassage.6)Thespeechsoundswehearandproduceduringlinguisticcommunicationsareallphonemes.7)Thereareprimitivelanguages—Somelanguagesaremorecomplexandnotequallycapableofexpressinganyideaintheworld.8)Phonologyandgrammarareinfinite,tightlystructuredsystems,thechilddoesnothavetomasterthembeforepubertyinordertobeanativespeakerofthelanguage.9)lossofidentity.10)WAstemisthebaseformofawordwhichcannotbefurtheranalyzedwithouttotalhenvarietiesoflanguageareclassifiedinrespectoftheirusers,theyarecalledregisters.SectionThreeTrytoexplainintwodifferentwaystoshowthatyouunderstandtheambiguityinvolved.(10points)a)Helookedoverthechair.b)Idislikenaughtyboysandgirls.c)Theyareflyingplanes.d)Hesawapieceofwood.e)Shefoundthedrillboring.f)Theyarelyingonthegrass.g)Theyareamazedbythosematches.h)Themendecidedonthetrain.i)MaryandJackorBillfrightenedthecat.j)Theyfedherdogbiscuits.SectionFourTrytoimproveandwritethefollowingsentencesbyeliminatingtheredundantwordsorphrases.(10points)a)Thecandidaterepeatedtheansweragain.b)Hissolutionwasequallyasgoodashers.c)Heexpressedanumberofclearexpressionsmuchtotheaudience’sdelight.d)Theexamwasverytrying,andIkepttryingtofinishontimewithoutmakingtoomanyerrors.e)Inmanycasesstudentsprofitfromtheresearchpaper.f)Hergossipwasofasordidanduglycharacter.g)Inspiteofthefactthatsheislazy,I