外刊经贸知识选读_重点词汇与课后答案

Lesson1China’sForeignTrade(中国的对外贸易)重点词组：1、link连接（这里为往来2、pattern模式、结构*3、substantially相当大的、重大的*4、inreturnfor作为…地交换5、manufacturedgoods工业产品6、capitalequipment资本设备7、industrializationprogramme工业项目8、heavyindustry重工业9、producedgainsin从…中获利*10、economicimbalances经济失衡11、nationalincome国民收入12、contract收缩、下降13、aid援助14、shiftawayform…towards从…转移到…*15、consistenttheme一贯的主题16、strongemphasisplacedon强调、重视17、traderelating贸易往来18、fellsharply急剧下降（下滑）19、grownrapidly迅速增长*20、signin签订21、inthewakeof在…之后22、normalizationofdiplomaticrelations外交关系正常化23、comeintoforce生效*24、most-favorednationtreatment最惠国待遇25、accountedfor占……*26、category种类*27、item项目28、USdollarvalueof以美元计算的29、increasedatanaveragerateof平均以……比率增长*30、perannum每年31、visibletradesurplus有形贸易余额32、risesharply迅速上升、猛增*33、playamajorrole起重要作用*34、unduestrain沉重负担35、anetgrainexporter粮食净出口国*36、pattern模式*37、reverse逆转，相反38、jump暴涨*39、visibletradeaccount有形贸易收支40、indeficit赤字、逆差*41、buoyant趋于上升*42、attributeto归因于……43、re-reported再出口*44、leading最主要的*45、decline下降、减少*46、supplier供应者*47、industrialcountry工业化国家48、expect期望*49、boost推动、提高*50、recoveredstrongly很大恢复*51、introducingadvancedtechnologyof向…引进先进技术*52、sophistication精密、尖端53、invisibleaccount无形贸易收支54、balanceofpayments国际收支55、earnings收益、收入*56、currentaccount经常项目57、insurplus处于顺差、有盈余*58、reserves储备、储量*59、thebalance收支平衡*余额60、specializesin专门从事*61、balance平衡*62、earningsandrequirements收入和需求63、run-down减少、缩减*64、asameansof作为65、internationaleconomicco-operation国际经济合作66、mount举行、进行67、tradefairs商品展销会68、practice惯例69、compensationtrade补偿贸易70、rawmaterials原材料71、inreturn作为报答72、barter易货贸易73、counter-trade反向贸易74、aseriesof一系列75、designedto旨在76、jointventure合资企业77、TheChinaInternationalTrustInvestmentCorporation(CITIC)中国国际信托投资公司78、transfer转让*79、forthetimebeing目前、暂时80、directinvestment直接投资81、access接近的机会、享用权*82、theinternationalcapitalmarkets国际资本市场83、commercialterms商业条件84、compile收集、汇集85、OECD经济合作和发展组织86、BankforInternationalSettlements国际清算银行87、bulk绝大部分、主体88、intheshort-term从短期来看89、overthelongerterm从长期来看90、representativeoffices办事处三、课后问题：1、What’sthemeaningof“thepatternofChina’sforeigntrade”?“ThepatternofChina’sforeigntrade”referschiefly(主要的)tothecommoditystructureofChina’sforeigntradeandhertradepartnershipwiththeworld.2、Whatkindofclauseisintroducedby“when”inthesentenceofthethirdparagraph,section1?Anadverbial(状语)clauseoranattributive(定语)one?Anattributiveclause3、“OfficialrecognitionthatforeigntechnologycouldplayamajorroleinmodernizingtheChineseeconomyhadcausedimportstorisebymorethan50percentin1978placingunduestrain（过度负担）onthenationaleconomy.”(中国政府认识到，国外技术对本国经济现代化作用重大，这使1978年中国的进口额增长了50%以上，结果国民经济背上了沉重的负担。)Whydidthemorethan50%riseinimportsof1978placeunduestrainonChina’snationaleconomy?Moreforeignexchanges(外汇)isrequiredformoreimports.AllsectionsofChina’snationaleconomywouldhavetoworkharderandbettertoexportandearnmorefortheimportsincreased.4、What’s“anetgrainexporter(粮食净出口国)”?Doesitmeanonewhohasneverdoneanyimports?“Anetgrainexporter”shouldbeonewhohasdonebothimportsandexportsoftheitem,butfinallyexportedmorethanimportedwithinaperiodoftime.5、“ThestrongincreaseinimportslastyearisattributedtobuoyanteconomicactivityaswellastothesuccessoftheGovernment’stradeandforeigninvestmentpolicies.”(去年进口额的大大增加不仅是由于政府贸易政策与对外投资政策的成功，而且是由于趋于上升的经济。)WhatdidChina’sforeigninvestmentpolicieshavetodowith（与…有关）herstrongincreaseinimports?Foreigncapital（外资）hasflowedinto(流入)Chinamostlyintheformofforeignindustrialinvestorstosetupproductionfacilities（生产设备）locally（在地方上，本地）togetherwiththeirChinesepartnersoralone.Forproductionefficiency（效率）andotherreasons,asaruletheybringintechnologyandequipmentfromabroadtoequip（装备）themselves.Thus（因此）itwouldresultinariseinimports.6、“Chineseofficialsstresstheimportanceofintroducingadvancedtechnologytodomesticindustry,buttheneedisfortechnologyofvaryingdegreesofsophistication,notnecessarilyforadvancedtechnologyasthetermisunderstoodintheWest.”(中国官员强调向国内工业部门引进国外先进技术的重要性，但他们需要是不同先进程度的技术，而不是一定需要西方国家所理解的那种纯粹的先进技术。)What’stheimplication（含义）oftheunderlinedpartoftheparagraphquoted（引用）above?Chinaisadevelopingcountrywithherowneconomiccondition.Inintroducingadvancedtechnologyintoourcountry,wewouldfirstchoosethosemostneededandapplicable(可适用的)atthepresentstage（阶段，时期）ofoureconomicdevelopment.7、“Theauthoritiesdonotconsideritappropriatetoincurlargemountsofexternaldebtuntilanumberofpracticalbottlenecksintheeconomy,suchasaninadequatetransportnetworkandenergyconstraints,havebeentackled.(在经济中的许多实际障碍——如运输能力不足和能源缺乏——被克服之前，中国政府不赞成招来大笔外债的做法。)WhydidChinarefusetoborrowmoreuntiltheirtransportcapacityandenergysupplyhavefurtherincreased?China’sfinancialborrowingisforindustrializationandmodernization.Withoutwell-developedtransportnetworkandenoughenergysupply,however,industryandtheentire(整个的，全部的)economycouldnotbefurther（促进，更多的）expanded(扩大的，展开的)successfully.Therefore（因此）,it’snotimeforborrowingthemthen,whichcouldnotbeeffectively（有效的）usedandresultonlyinheavyinterestpayment.8、“China’saccessto（有权使用）substantial（大量的）sumsofmoneyfromtheWorldBankalsoreducestheneedtoborrowoncommercialterms.”（中国可以在世界银行中借贷巨额资金，这减少了中国以商业条件进行接待的数量）Whatdoes“borrowoncommercialterms”i