电子化供应链管理的系统研究

上海交通大学博士学位论文电子化供应链管理的系统研究姓名：常志平申请学位级别：博士专业：管理科学与工程指导教师：蒋馥20040201-I-InternetIOS-II-Drop-shippingFDFSIOSIOSIOS-III-FDFSFirstDesiredFirstServed,FDFSCRM2/8CRMSCMNPHard”FDFSCRMSCM-IV-TheSystematicStudyonE-SupplyChainManagementABSTRACTTherealcompetitionisnotonlybetweenenterprises,butalsobetweensupplychains.Inordertoimprovethecompetitionability,thesupplychainadoptsnewinformationtechnologygradually,replacesthe“inventory”with“information”and“time”with“information”.WiththedevelopmentofinformationtechnologyandInternet,E-Commerceisusedinthesupplychainmanagementmoreandmore.Thus,E-Commercebasedsupplychain(E-SC)iscomingintobeing.ImplementationofE-SChasbroughtgreatprofitandcompetitionadvantagestotheenterprises.Duetoitsspecialcharacteristics,E-SCmanagementcannotcopythecommonsupplychainmanagementtheoriesandmethodswithoutanychange,suchastheconstructionofsupplychain,logisticsandsoon.SothestudyspecializedinE-SCiscriticallyneeded.ThecontentsofthispaperareabouttheproblemsthatmustbesolvedwhenenforcingE-SC.Sothepaperfulfillsthesupplychainmanagementtheory,alsohaspracticalsignificance.Theresearchusessystematicmethod.Firstly,twoquitedifferentkindsofE-SCaredivided;theyareE-marketbasedsupplychainandE-Hierarchybasedsupplychain.Then,thepaperstudiesseparatelyhowtoconstructthetwokindsofE-SCaccordingtotheirownspecialcharacteristics.FinallythepaperstudieshowtointegratethesetwokindsofE-SCandhowtosolvethecommonconstraintoftwokindsofE-SC(logistics).Themaincontentsofthepaperasfollowing:Firstly,thepaperillustratestheconceptofE-SCandclassifiesE-SCintotwodifferentmodels,E-marketbasedsupplychainandE-Hierarchybasedsupplychain.Basedontheclassification,thepaperdescribesthecharacteristicsoftwokindsofE-SCandputsforwardtheirreferencemodel.ThecomparisonbetweenthetwokindsE-SCismadefrommanyaspectsandtwocasesareusedtoillustrate.Secondly,usinggametheory,thepaperanalyzestheparticipantsofE-SC.AccordingtothespecialtyofsupplierchoiceinE-SC,thepaperdesignsaspecialchoosingmechanismandbuildsachoicemodelbasedonmixintegerprogramming.E-markethaschangedtheinterestdistributionamongthesupplierandbuyer,whichmakesthecoordinationandincentivemechanisminE-supplychainismorecomplexthanthoseinthecommonsupplychain.Basedonthereturncontractand-V-revenue-sharingcontract,thepaperstudiesanddesignsthecoordinationandincentivemechanismofE-SC,alsotheillustrationexamplesaregiven.Thirdly,thepaperstudiesthestrategiclayoutofE-SCfrom3aspects.studytheoptimalcoveringscopeofIOSinE-SCseparatelyfromtheviewsofthemanufacture,theretailerandsocialwelfare.classifytheinformationsharinglevelinE-SCinto3levelsaccordingtothecontents,targetsandfunctionsofinformationsharing,theyarejobinformationlevel,managementinformationlevelandstrategyinformationlevel.ThepaperputsforwardhowtochoosethefitlevelofinformationsharingforE-SCafteranalyzingtheclausesofinformationsharing.takingintoconsiderationofthecostofinformationsharing,theoptimaldegreeofinformationsharingisgivenbybuildingthequantificationalmodelindifferentthreesystemarrangementsofsupplychain.Bycomparingtheprofitsofthemanufacture,theretailerandwholesupplychaininthreesystemarrangements,thepaperpointouttheiroptimalsystemarrangementfromtheirviewseparately.Fourthly,thepaperstudiesincentivemodelbasedonformalcontractandinducestheoptimalincentivemechanism.Alsoitsshortfallsarepointedout.Afterintroducingtheconceptandcharacteristicsofrelationalcontract,thepaperanalyzesthefunctiontheoryofrelationalcontractandsolutesouttheoptimalincentivemechanismbasedonrelationalcontract.Duetotheincentivemechanismsbasedonbothformalcontractandrelationalcontract,thepaperputsforwardthatformalcontractandrelationalcontractshouldworktogether,andpointsoutformalcontractandrelationalcontracthowtocooperateeachotherinordertoachievetheoptimalincentiveresult.Fifthly,thepaperillustratesthenecessaryoftwomodelsofE-SCbasedonanalyzingtheirownadvantagesanddisadvantagesseparately.Twointegrationmethodsaregiven.Theoneisbasedonthetypeofmaterials.Accordingtotheimportanceandthesupplymarket’scomplexity,thematerialsareclassifiedintofourgroups.Towarddifferentgroup,thedifferentmodelofE-SCshouldbetaken.Theotherintegrationmethodisbasedonoptioncontract.Inthismethod,thesupplyandbuyercanusetheE-marketandcontractmarketcoordinately.ThepaperanalyzesarealcaseandpointsoutwhatthecompanyshouldimproveonintegrationoftwomodelsofE-SC.Sixthly,thepaperintroducesanewlogisticsmodelinE-SC,analyzesitsadvantagesandfactorswhichshouldbetakenintoconsiderationwhenE-SCdecidestoadoptit.TheantalgorithmbasedfuzzycomprehensivemodelisproposedfordistributionschedulinginE-SC.Bythecomputersimulation,thepaperanalyzesthesensibilityofsomeparametersandcomparestheresultswithtraditionaldistributionschedulingmethod,suchasFDFS(FirstDesiredFirstServes).Theresultof-VI-simulationshowsthemodelhasimprovedtheefficiencyofdistribution.Thecreativeworkofthispaperasfollowing4points:Firstly,theanalyzingframeworkbyclassifyingtheE-SCintotwodifferentmodelsThepaperclassifiesE-SCintotwoquitedifferentmodels,E-marketbasedsupplychainandE-Hierarchybasedsupplychain.Theclassificationmake