大学英语综合教程第一册Unit4

Unit4TextAAmericanDream:EveryonecansucceedaslongasheworkshardAmericanDreamThebeliefofAmericansthattheircountryoffersopportunitiesforagoodandsuccessfullife.Forminoritiesandimmigrants,thedreamalsoincludesfreedomandequalrightsBecauseAmericansrejectedtheEuropeansystemofsociety,theyhadtofindasubstituteforjudgingsocialstatus.Thequalityandquantityofanindividual’smaterialpossessionsbecametheacceptedmeasureofsuccessandsocialstatus.HardworkhasbeenbothnecessaryandrewardingformostAmericansthroughouttheirhistory.Becauseofthis,theyhavecometoseematerialpossessionsasthenaturalrewardfortheirhardwork.Insomeways,materialpossessionsareseennotonlyasapparentevidenceofpeople’swork,butalsooftheirabilities.1.WhatisAmericanDreaminyouropinion?2.WhatisthereasonwhythereisAmericanDreamratherthanRussianDreamorKoreanDream?3.Whatisyourpersonaldream?Howareyougoingtomakeyourdreamcometrue?collocations:tomowthegardentoweedtheyardtosweepthelawntocleanupanylittletaskstotakecareofheavyobjectstoliftthewalkstofixthingsTextanalysisTimewordsandphrasesinthenarration:OneeveningSummerpassedintofall……TonyworkedasahelpatMr.Crawford’shouseTonygotajobclearingsnowatMr.Crawford’sfactoryTonybecameaskilledworkerthroughlearningTonyboughtahousewiththehelpofMr.CrawfordTonyboughtafarmandsentforhisfamilyinItalySimilaritiesbetweenthefulfillmentofTony’sandAmericanindustrialists’AmericandreamDifferencesbetweenthefulfillmentofTony’sandAmericanindustrialists’AmericandreamParagraph1----10Imowyourlawn---4times:showsTony’sdeterminationinfindingajobandhisoptimisticviewthatpeoplewouldhelpamanwhoneededajobdetermination,persistence,constancy,willpower,perserveranceWhatcanyouinfer?TomowthelawnToweedthegardenTosweepthewalksTocleanuptheyardTotakecareofanylittletaskToliftheavyobjectsTofixthingshardworking,helpful,diligent,industrious,studiousHowtomakeinferenceNostatementclaimingTonytobeagoodworker.youcaninferfromotherpeople’scompliments”1,mywifesaidhewasveryhelpful2,thepersonneldepartment“saidTonywasaverygoodworker”3,Igotareportthathehadgraduatedasaskilledgrinder4,thefarmgreenwithvegetables,thelittlehouselivableandhomey1.turnawayv.拒绝帮助；不让…进入e.g.turnawayabeggar/asalesmanAtrueandtrustworthyfriendneverturnsdownafriendintrouble.Declineone’shelp,invitation,Refuse2.assumev.1)假设；认为e.g.Hiswalletwasmissingandheassumedthatoneofhisroommatesstoleit.2)担任；承当assumeadifficulttask/aleadingroleWhowillassumethenextAmericanpresident?whenyouareassumingthemonitor,youhavetoberesponsibleforthewholeclassParagraph11-----16What‘sTony’srequest?1,gotafull-timejob---stable2,wantedtobeapprentice—togetskillEvaluation:1,thepersonnelsaidhewasgoodworker2,hegraduatedasaskilledgrinderPersonality:Go-aheadismUpandcomingAggressiveAmbitousSelf-motivatedpositivity3,capacity：theabilitytocatchordosth.havethecapacityfor/tododosthtoone’sfullcapacity充分发挥聪明才智ThosemathproblemswerebeyondmycapacityHousewiveswhodonotgoouttoworkoftenfeeltheyarenotworkingtotheirfullcapacity.我怀疑托尼是否有能力学会看图纸，用千分尺，是否能胜任做精密加工工作。Tonytookacutinpay:Tony’ssalarywascutintohalfGrinder:研磨工Millionthsofaninch:百万分之一寸Hundredthsofonemeter百分之一米Shapethegrindingwheel:makewheel制作砂轮shapeagoodcharacter塑造好的性格eventswhichshapepeople'slives决定人一生的大事Aninstrumentsetwithadiamond:equippedwithdiamond镶嵌着金刚石的工具turndownv.1)拒绝；摒斥（提议、建议等）Lawshouldbemadetopreventdisabledyoungpeoplefrombeingturneddownbycollegesanduniversities.2)转小或扭小（煤气、音响等）WouldyoupleaseturndowntheTValittle?YouknowIamwritingatermpaper.instrumentn.工具，器械，仪器musical/labinstruments[辩]instrument/equipment/apparatusinstrument通常指比较精密的器具、器械equipment指为了进行研究、旅行、战争等所需要的装备apparatus一般仅指仪器、成套的工具Paragraph17------21WhyTonycanbuythathouse?1,gurantee2,interest3,amanofcharacter—worthyoftrust4,agoodjob5,hard-workingTonywantedtobuyahouseedge:刀刃,刀锋,锐利,边,,边缘,边界,界线aknifewithasharpedge有利刃的刀theedgeofthetable桌子边theedgeofthecliff崖边Ontheedgeoftown:--suburbedger:磨边机，刨边机edges:优势wreckWreckage失事,沉船残骸;沉船漂浮物;残货Wreckedwrecking['rekiŋ]n.失事,遇难船,营救难船Plane,carcrashCarsmashLoanmoneyoncredit,realpropertytogetinterest利息Loanmoneyoncharacter:loanmoneyaccordingtohisgood,reliablepersonalityLot:签,抽签,运气,命运,一块地方drawbylot,drawlotsdecidebylot抽签决定ThelotcanbeplantedwitheggplantsReluctant：unwillingtodosth.bereluctanttodosthHeisreluctanttoborrowmethemoneyReluctance,ReluctantlyMortgage:topaythemortgage偿付抵押LendingPoliciesofMortgageBanks抵押银行的借贷政策Thehousewasmortgagedtothebank.住宅抵押给银行。amortgagethatissubordinatetoafirstmortgage.次于第一按揭的抵押。Mortgageisrationforfirst-timebuyer.抵押只限给初次购买者downpayment首付分期付款：1，budgetplan2，dividedpayments3，InstallmentDiscard:desertv.（正式）抛弃，丢弃discardone'swife遗弃妻子discardoldbeliefs抛弃旧信念discardprejudices放弃偏见discardthedrossandselecttheessential去粗取精discardedParagraph22---27Tonysoldhishouse,andboughtafarm------torealizehisdreamIntheeyeofTony’sfriend,Tonywasamillionaire----successfulbyhisstep-by-stephardworkAbandon放弃(=desert)遗弃,丢弃放肆,放纵;沉湎于abandonone'sidea放弃自己的想法Heabandonedhiswifeandchild.他遗弃了他的妻子和孩子。.abandononeselfto沉缅于,陷入drug,depression,self-accusationSelf-abandoned自暴自弃的Donotabandonyourselftodespair.自暴自弃，悲观失望Theyabandonthemselvestodri