5旅游交通(中英文)

Unit5TourTransportation旅游交通Learningobjects:学习目标Studytheaccess(transitregion)whichconnectsoriginanddestinationwithinthetourismsystem(Leiper’smodel)学习旅游系统（Leiper模型）中连接客源地和目的地的路径（中转地区）Understandtheimportantrelationshipbetweentourtransportationandtourismresources了解旅游交通与旅游资源的重要关系Haveabreak-downofthefactorswhichinfluencepassengers’choiceofthetransportmode分析影响乘客选择不同交通工具的因素Learningobjects:学习目标Outlinetheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofdifferenttransportmodes提出不同交通工具的优点和缺点Appreciatehoweachmodeoftransportmayfosteracompetitiveratherthanacomplementaryrelationship理解不同的交通工具可能形成相互竞争而不是相互补充的关系Understandthekeyroleofgovernmentinthedevelopmentandcontroloftourtransport了解政府在发展和控制交通中所发挥的关键作用Learningobjects:学习目标Appreciatetheroleofpassengertransportinthetourismindustryandthechallengeitfaces理解旅客交通在旅游业中的作用，以及面临的挑战Abilitygoals:能力目标Casestudy:案例分析：奔跑在瑞士山川的“黄金列车”ReadingBox:阅读分析：PassengerTransport旅客交通1.旅游交通概论旅游交通。客源地目的地旅游交通1.1旅游交通的定义旅游大交通旅游交通定义——旅游者利用某种手段和途径，实现从一个地点到达另外一个地点的空间转移过程。客源地目的地旅游大交通generatingregionroadrailwaywaterroutecivilaviationABdestinationwalktouristcoach8•景区•旅游小交通•景区•景点•景点•旅游小交通RelationshipbetweenTravelDistanceandTouristAttraction1.2交通距离与旅游吸引力的关系physicaldistanceculturaldistanceEconomicaldistancequalityofservicesseasonalityAttractionwillbeaffectedby:1.3旅游交通——旅游三大产业之一•旅游业并不象工业、农业等那样是一个界限分明的行业，而是由众多部门和行业中与旅游活动相关的部分共同构成的一个复合性行业。•旅游业有三大支柱产业，即：旅行社、旅游交通、旅游饭店•旅游业有三大要素，即：旅游资源、旅游设施、旅游服务航空公司旅遊局及商會郵輪旅行社主題樂園酒店航空旅游产业2.旅游交通的作用2.1旅游业产生和发展的先决条件•19世纪初，火车和轮船的普及，直接导致近代旅游活动的产生•19世纪末，汽车的出现，导致近代旅游活动开始向现代旅游活动过渡•二次世界大战后，喷气式飞机在民航中的广泛应用，导致国际旅游和大众旅游兴起，导致现代旅游活动产生。AMiniCase:Travelcostofa5-daytourinSwitzerland2.2旅游交通是旅游收入的重要来源•Passport:RMB200•Visa:RMB330•Airtickets(Chengdu-Beijing)forvisa:RMB2110•Internationaltickets(Chengdu-Zurich):RMB6300•Taxi,coachandtrain:CHF232•Sightseeing:CHF130•Meals:€6X3meals=€18;18X5days=€82•Accommodation:€90X5days=€450•Notes:1瑞士法郎=7.13人民币;1欧元=9.23人民币(2011.3)1.thetotaltravelcost:Questions:Whydoyouthinkthetransportisimportantfortourismindustrybasedabovethecalculation?Calculation:1.thetotaltravelcost=2.thetransportcost=3.theproportionoftransportinthetotalcost=全世界平均我国国内散客海外来华过夜游客我国旅游外汇收入30％左右34.7％31.8％29％旅游者旅游费用中旅游交通所占比重2.3旅游交通优化旅游资源TourTransportOptimizestheTouristResourceTransport:BusAirplaneTrain•Safety•Price/cost•Time/speed•Distance•Convenience•Departureandarrivaltimes•Reliability•AvailabilityFactors•Flexibility•Servicequality•Comfort/luxury•Incentives•Groundservices•Terminalfacilitiesandlocations•Statusandprestige•Enjoymentoftrip3.影响旅游者旅行方式的因素Survey1Survey2Roadtransportation4.1Railwaytransportation4.2Seatransportation4.3Airtransportation4.44.旅游交通工具的类型及优缺点Roadtransportationattractstouristsmainlydueto:TheabilitytocarrybaggageandequipmenteasilyThecontroloftherouteandthestopsonthewayPrivacyandlowexpensesThefreedomtousetheautomobileoncethedestinationisaccessible.ThecontrolofdeparturetimesTheabilitytousethevehicleforaccommodationonadvantages•ThecarMorefrequentlyusedinsomenationsforrecreationandtourism•ThecoachUsedforthetravelgroupsAttractivefortheelderlyorthelowersocialgroupExamplesTravelbytrainABCDSafetyTheabilitytolookoutofthetrainonthewayTheabilitytomovearoundthecoachArrivingatthedestinationrestedandrelaxedTravelbytrainEFGHPersonalcomfortCentrallylocatedterminiEnvironmentalfriendlyformoftransportDecongestedroutesNegativesidesofthetrainOneSomeofthemareveryslow.Thetimecostishighforthebusinesstravelers.twoThetrackonwhichtheyrunmakesitimpossiblefortrainstocarrypassengerstoanywherefreelyasacar.threeItisnotconvenientfortravelerstotakeheavyluggagewiththem.FerrycompaniesCruiseoneAppreciatethebeautifulsceneryontheseathreeTakeshorttripsattheportstwoEnjoythemselveswiththeentertainmentandleisurefacilitiesontheshipAirtransportationsecondThirdfirstGoanywherewithintheshortestpossibletimeOfferedasafe,convenient,reliable,happyandrelaxingjourneyProvidegoodservicesandinstallingadvancedfacilitiesboththegroundandonboardCharterairlines•Makingitlesspossibletochangeflights•Flyingatinconvenientandthereforenotbusyhours•Increasingseatswithintheaircraft•ReducingsomeluxuriesandservicesandretainingtheelementaryonesAirlinealliancesStarAlliance星空联盟Oneworld寰宇一家SkyteamAlliance天合联盟4.5特种旅游交通工具•缆车（１）优点•对自然地形的适应性强，爬坡能力强，能缩短运输距离•可以使游客产生紧张和刺激感，增添旅游乐趣（２）缺点•对风景区生态环境有一定破坏作用•畜力交通工具（马、牛、驴、骆驼，等）优点：•(1)反映了一定地区的民族特色，可以满足人们求新、求奇的心理•(2)可以体现人与自然协调的思想，符合人们亲近自然、回归自然的现代需求•人力交通工具（自行车、三轮车、手划船，等）优点为：•健身、节能、无污染•自由灵活•风力交通工具（帆船、冰帆、热气球等)优点为：•可以满足旅游者求新、求奇的需要•无污染5.旅游交通面临的问题Congestionisamajorproblemthathasagreatimpactonmosttransportationmodes,especiallyroadtravelandairtravel.InbigcitiesserioustrafficjamsoftenappearduringtherushHoursandsometimesthewholetrafficmaybecompletelystopped.CongestionTourismsectorshouldensurethattouristscanenjoytheirjourneyssafeandsound.Thisisabasicrequirement.Theaircrashandotheraccidentswouldhindertouristsfromtravel.SafetyUndoubtedly,thegrowthoftrafficcandoharmtotheenvironmentifanareahasnocapacitytoholdmoretourists.Therefore,whileplanningtoexpandtransportationfacilities,suchfactorsassocial,cultural,andnaturalresourcesshouldbetakenintoaccount.EnvironmentTourismisahighlysea