蛇管式换热器毕业设计

毕业设计说明书I目录摘要····································································ⅢABSTRACT·····························································Ⅳ1绪论1.1本设计的研究背景和意义················································11.1.1本设计的研究背景···················································11.1.2本设计的研究意义···················································11.2换热器在生产中的作用和地位············································11.3换热器的分类··························································21.4换热器的发展及国内外研究现状··········································51.5换热器的发展动向·················································61.6三维造型技术的应用··················································61.7本设计的研究内容及方法·················································81.7.1本设计的研究内容·····················································81.7.2本设计的研究方法·····················································92蛇管式换热器整体结构设计2.1管径及介质进入蛇管内外的选择···········································92.2冷热流体物性数据的确定·················································92.3传热面积的计算·························································92.4蛇管长度及组数的确定···················································102.5管间距h和内、外圈间距t的确定···········································112.6筒体直径及材料、蛇管圈数及高度的确定····································112.7封头尺寸及材料的确定···················································122.8吊耳尺寸的确定·························································132.9支座尺寸的确定·························································132.10筒体法兰尺寸的确定····················································14毕业设计说明书II3换热器零部件的强度校核3.1筒体壁厚计算及校核·····················································153.1.1筒体壁厚计算························································153.1.2筒体壁厚校核························································153.2封头壁厚计算及校核····················································163.2.1封头壁厚计算························································163.2.2封头壁厚校核························································163.3支座的选择及校核·······················································163.3.1支座的选择··························································163.3.2支座的校核··························································163.4筒体开孔补强的计算····················································174蛇管式换热器三维造型设计4.1换热器蛇管的建模·······················································184.2换热器筒体的建模·······················································184.3换热器封头的建模·······················································184.4换热器筒体法兰的建模···················································194.5换热器装配体的生成·····················································204.5.1换热器的装配模式····················································204.5.2换热器筒体、接管、接管法兰的装配······································204.5.3筒体、法兰、支座的装配················································214.5.4封头与法兰的装配····················································224.5.5蛇管的装配··························································224.5.6换热器的总体装配图生成··············································235总结································································25谢辞···································································26参考文献································································27毕业设计说明书III摘要换热器是广泛应用于石油化工、动力、冶金、轻工、制冷等行业的一种通用设备，因其在化工行业的重要性，换热设备的研究受到世界各国政府及研究机构的高度重视。其性能的好坏不但直接影响到各部门生产的顺利进行和对产品质量的控制，并且可能造成其自身的高能耗、低效率及可靠性差等诸多问题。本设计完成了蛇管式换热器的选型、总体结构设计等内容，运用三维绘图软件Solidedge对换热器的各个零部件建立三维参数化模型，并对换热器的部分零部件进行了校核。关键词：蛇管式换热器；结构设计；三维造型；强度校核毕业设计说明书IVStructureDesignandSolidModelingofCoilHeatExchangerABSTRACTAsageneralequipment,theheatexchangeriswidelyapplyedinpetrochemical,power,metallurgy,lightindustry,refrigretionandsoon.Becauseofitsimportanceinthechemicalindustry,theheatexchangerequipmentresearchishighlyvaluedbythevariouscountriesgovernmentandtheresearchinstitutions.Besidestheimportanteffectsonthetrouble-freeoperationandproductqualitycontrol,itsperformancehasbeeninfluencedbyitsenergyconsumeandreliability.Completedthedesignofthecoilheatexchangerselection,theoverallstructuraldesign,andutilizatingthreedimensionalcartographysoftwareSolidedgetoestablishedthree-dimensionalparametricmodelandpartofheatexchangercomponentstocheck.KeyWords:coilheatexchanger;structuraldesign;solidmodeling;strengthcheck毕业设计说明书11绪论1.1本设计的研究背景和意义1.1.1本设计的研究背景换热器是广泛应用于石油化工、动力、冶金、轻工、制冷等行业的一种通用设备。随着全球能源危机、环境危机、资源危机的加剧，对于高效节能换热设备的需求迫在眉睫，因此换热设备的研究备受世界各国政府及科研机构的高度重视。在我国机械的设计大多数还局限于传统的静态的、经验的设计方法，随着生产的发展，需要更快、更好的完成产品的设计，而传统设计已不能适应市场对新型化工设备的需求以及复杂化、高效化的发展趋势。蛇管式换热器是一种简单的换热设备，它属于管壳式换热器的一种，其传热面是由弯曲成平板或圆柱形的蛇形管子来充当。其简单的结构，紧凑的空间，且能承受一定的高压，加之制造的方便性，在很多场合应用广泛。由于蛇管式换热器本身的结构特点，传统的设计计算工作量大，效率低下，不能在设计的过程中边设计边改进，容易造成产品设计已完成但不符合要求的结果，导致了资源能源的浪费。1.1.2本设计的研究意义本设计根据给定参数的蛇管式换热器的要求，查阅相关的设计手册，完成了沉浸式蛇管式换热器各个零部件的结构尺寸设计，并对壳体、支撑部件进行强度的校核。通过实体造型给出了零部件的三维图形表示，使结构设计的表达更加直观，整个过程中可以边设计边优化，克服了传统蛇管式换热器结构设计效率不高的缺点。综上所述，能够简化制造过程，降低生产成本。1.2换热器在生产中的作用和地位换热器是用于物料之间进行热量传递的过程设备，通过这种设备能达到指定的温度以达到工艺的要求。在目前大型化及石油化工装置中，采用各种换热的组合，就能充分合理的利用各种等级的能量，使产品的单位能耗降低，从而降低产品的成本以获得好的经济效益。因而，在大型化及石油化工生产过程中，换热器得到越来越广泛的使用。在工厂建设投资中，换热器所占的比例也有明显的提高，成为最重要的单元设备之一。为了满足不同工业对热源