《研究生英语精读教程》(第三版·上)Unit-Four

《研究生英语精读教程》(第三版·上)中国人民大学出版社UnitFourEinstein'sPainfulRomance1.Text2.Exercises3.SupplementaryReadingEinstein'sPainfulRomanceWalterSullivan①1.anguished△adj.feelingorexpressingverygreatpain,esp.ofmind(尤指心灵)很痛苦的2.correspondence※n.letter-writing,letters通信，信件[1]Thestoryofananguished*loveaffairbetweenAlbertEinstein①andthewomanwhowouldlaterbecomehisfirstwifehasemergedinnewlydisclosedcorrespondence*betweenthem.[2]Manyofthelettersdescribethelovebetweentheyoungscientistandhisfuturewife,MilevaMaric①;thepainassociatedwithhismother'svehement*disapprovaloftherelationship;andtheirexcitementovertheimpendingbirthofachild.1.vehementadj.fiercelystrongoreagerinsupportoforesp.inoppositiontosth.orsb.(支持或反对)猛烈的，强烈的，激烈的[3]Thefateofthechild,agirl,however,remainsamystery.Shewasbornbeforethecouplemarriedin1903andthereapparentlyisnorecordofwhatbecameofher.[4]Intertwined*withthedisclosuresofadifficultromancearefragmentsofEinstein'sthoughtashestruggledtowardconfidenceinhisconceptofrelativity①.1.intertwinev.(causeto)twisttogetherorwithsth.else(使)缠绕；编结[5]EinsteinandMaric,aSerb*borninaregionofHungary*thatisnowpartofYugoslavia*,becamefriendsin1896whilestudyingtogetherattheFederalTechnicalInstituteinZurich*.InsubsequentyearstheywrotefrequentlyasEinstein'seffortstofindworkandMaric'svisitshomecausedmanyseparations.1.Serbadj.塞尔维亚的，塞尔维亚人的2.Hungaryn.匈牙利3.Yugoslavian.南斯拉夫4.Zurichn.苏黎世(瑞士)[6]Inhisletters,Einsteinconfided*inherhiseffortstoparticipateintherevolutiontakingplaceinmanyfieldsofphysics,includingthenatureoflight,relativemovementandmolecularphenomenon.1.confide△v.havetrustorfaithin;tellasecretto信任；向某人吐露秘密[7]AccordingtoDr.JohnStachel,aprofessorofphysicsatBostonUniversitywhoiseditoroftheEinsteinpapers,Maricappearstohavebeenmoreofasoundingboard①thanacontributortoEinstein'sideas.[8]InalettertoMaricin1899,whenhewas20yearsold,Einsteinanticipatedhisfirsttheoryofrelativity,publishedsixyearslater.Itcameinaperiodwhenmanyphysicistsstillbelievedthatspacewasfilledwithaninvisiblemedium*throughwhichlightwavescouldbepropagated*.Theycalledthemediumaluminiferous*ether”*.1.mediumn.(pl.media)substance,surrounding,inwhichsth.existsorthroughwhichsth.moves媒介物，介质2.propagate※v.transmit传播，传导3.luminiferous△adj.givingoffortransmittinglight发光的；传光的4.ethern.ahypotheticalinvisiblesubstancepostulated(inoldertheory)aspervadingspaceandservingasthemediumforthetransmissionoflightwavesandotherformsofradiantenergy.(物理)以太(一度被认为充满整个空间，可借以传送光波和其他形式辐射能量的介质)[9]Einstein'slettersalsorevealhisfamily'sdisdainforMaric.InJuly1900hehadbeenwarnedbyhissisterthathisparentswerebitterlyopposedtohimmarryingMaric.Whenhetoldhismotherofhisintention,Mamathrewherselfonthebed,buriedherheadinthepillows,andcriedlikeachild,hewrotetoMaric.[10]Aftershehadrecoveredfromtheinitialshock,sheimmediatelyswitchedtoadesperate*offensive*,Einsteincontinued.Hequotedhismotherassaying,Youareruiningyourfutureandblockingyourpaththroughlife.1.desperateadj.(ofaperson)filledwithdespairandreadytodoanything,regardlessofdanger(指人)因绝望而不惜冒险的，猛烈的2.offensive※n.attacking;anattitudeofattack攻击，攻势[11]AlthoughEinstein'sfamilylookeddownonMaric'sbackground,anotherproblemwasthecouple'smeager*income.AsEinsteinwrotetoafriend,Neitherofustwohasgottenajobandwesupportourselvesbyprivatelessons-whenwecanpickupsome,whichisstillveryquestionable.1.meageradj.瘦的，皮包骨的[12]Interspersed*amongEinstein'srepeatedexpressionsoflovewerediscussionsofscientificquestionswithwhichbothwereconcerned.1.interspersev.placehereandthere散布，散置[13]WhilevisitingtheSwisstownofAarauagoodideaoccurredtome,hewrote,aboutawayofinvestigatinghowabody'srelativemotionwithrespecttotheluminiferousetheraffectsthevelocity*ofpropagationoflightintransparent*bodies.Alsoatheoryonthismatteroccurredtome,whichseemstobehighlyprobable.1.velocityn.speed速度2.transparentadj.allowinglighttopassthroughsothatobjectsbehindcanbedistinctlyseen透明的[14]Healsowaspondering*thedefinitionofabsoluterest,aparadoxthatledhimtohisinitialtheoryonrelativity.Thetheoryruledoutthepossibilityofabsoluterest,sinceallobjectsareconsideredtobeinmotionrelativetootherobjects.Healsowascontemplatingtheelectrodynamics*ofmovingbodieswhich,hesaid,promisestobeacapitalpaper.1.ponder△v.consider,thinkover考虑，沉思2.electrodynamicsn.电动力学[15]IwrotetoyouthatIdoubtedthecorrectnessoftheideasaboutrelativemotion,hewrote.Butmydoubtswerebasedsolelyonasimplemathematicalerror.NowIbelieveinitmorethanever.[16]Mr.Stachel,writingintheMayissueofPhysicsToday,saysthispassagesuggeststhatEinsteinhadalreadyadoptedsomeversionoftherelativityprinciple,althoughnotinitsfinalform.[17]AlthoughMarichasbeendepictedbyhistoriansasadullwoman,thelettersshowherinterestinthenatureofinfinity*.[18]Idonotbelievethestructureofthehumanbrainistobeblamedforthefactthatmancannotgraspinfinity,shewrotetohimin1897,whenhewas18yearsold.1.infinity※n.infinitude无限[19]Shecontinued:Hecertainlycoulddothatifinhisyoungdays,whenhewaslearningtoperceive,thelittlefellowhadnotbeensocruellyconfinedtotheearth,oreventoanest,betweenfourwalls,butinsteadwasallowedtowalkoutalittleintotheuniverse.[20]Sciencehistorians,s