关系代词和关系副词的选择

如何确定定语从句的关系代词和关系副词定语从句是语法学习中的重点和难点，如何正确的选择关系代词和关系副词又是重中之重。定语从句中的关系代词有：that,which,who,whom,whose等；关系副词有where,when,why等。下面通过练习介绍一下确定关系代词和关系副词的一些方法。1)Thisisthefactory__Ivisitedlastyear.2)Thisisthefactory__Iworkedlastyear.A.whereB.whichC.asD.what【分析】以上两句只有细微的差别，但答案却不同。1）选B；1）是动宾关系，即Ivisitedthefactory，因此选which。2）选A。做这种题时，要看先行词与定语从句中谓语动词之间的关系：2）中factory应在定语从句中作地点状语，即Iworkedinthefactory，因此,选where。3)Iwillneverforgettheday___wespenttogether.4)Iwillneverforgettheday___weworkedtogether.A.whichB.whenC.whereD.what【分析】这两题的做法与上面的思路相同。3)选A；4)选B，when相当于onwhich。5)Isthislibrary__youoftenreadin?6)Isthisthelibrary__youoftenreadin?A.theoneB.inwhichC.whereD.which【分析】5)选A；5)句的陈述句形式为Thislibraryis_____youoftenreadin.此句缺先行词，需要加上，用theone替代thelibrary，因此选A；6）选D。做这种题时，应先把原句变为陈述句。6）句的陈述句形式为：Thisisthelibrary_____youoftenreadin.此题thelibrary作in的宾语，故选D。7)Thisisthereason__hewaslate.8)Thisisthereason_____canexplainhiscominglate.A.whichB.whyC.inwhichD.onwhich【分析】7)选B，why相当于forwhich，作原因状语。8）选A，which在句中作主语。9)Heissuchagoodteacher____everyonerespectsandloves.10)Heissuchagoodteacher__everyonerespectsandloveshim.A.thatB.whomC.asD.who【分析】9)选C。有such修饰的先行词，一般用as连接定语从句，译为“象……一样的”。10）选A，为such…that“如此……以至于”结构。11)_____isknown,lighttravelsfasterthansound.12)_____isknownthatlighttravelsfasterthansound.13)_____isknownisthatlighttravelsfasterthansound.A.AsB.WhichC.WhatD.It【分析】这几个题学生极易混。11）选A；11）中As代表下文所表达的内容，即lighttravelsfasterthansound。As所引导的定语从句可在句首、句中或句末，而which所引导的定语从句只可用于句中，故选As；12）选D；12）中It为形式主语，that所引导的从句是真正的主语，故选It；13）选C。13）中是What引导的主语从句，且主句中缺少主语，因此用What来替代。14)Hetoreupmyphoto,______mademeupset.15)Hetoreupmyphotoand_______mademeupset.A.whichB.itC.whatD.where【分析】14)选A，为非限制性定语从句，which代指Hetoreupmyphoto；15）选B，为and连接的并列句。16)Sheisoneofthestudentswho_______praisedatthemeetingyesterday.17)Sheistheonlyoneofthestudentswho_______praisedatthemeetingyesterday.A.wasB.wereC.isD.【分析与比较】16）选B，who的先形词是thestudents，定语从句中谓语动词用复数；17）选A，who的先形词是theonlyone，定语从句中谓语动词用单数。根据句意补全下列句子。1.Wewillbeshownaroundsomeplaces_____visitorsseldomgoto.2.Wewillbeshownaroundsomeplaces______visitorsseldomgo.3.Iwillneverforgetthoseyears_____Ilivedinthecountrysidewiththefarmers.4.Iwillneverforgetthoseyears______Ispentinthecountrysidewiththefarmers.5.Thereisnodictionary_____youcanfindeverything.6.Thereisnodictionary_____cantellyoueverything.7.Itissuchaheavystone_____noonecanlift.8.Itissuchaheavystone_____noonecanliftit.9.Doyouthinkthereason______heexplainedisbelievable?10.Doyouthinkthereason______hewaslateisbelievable?11.______hasbeenannounced,wewillhaveourfinalexaminationnextmonth.12.Hepassedtheexamination,_______madehisparentsveryhappy.1.which2.where3.when4.that5.where6.that7.as8.that9.which10.why11.As12.which