华南农业大学有机化学课件第六章芳烃

1第六章芳烃1.写出下列化合物的结构式：(2)(3)(1)HCCCH2CHCH2CH3BrNO2NO2CH3O2NCH3Cl(4)(5)(6)(CH2)5CH2Cl(10)(7)(8)(9)NO2NO2FClClSO3HH2NCOOHNO2NH2Br2.用中英文命名下列化合物(1)1,3,5-三甲基苯(1,3,5-trimethylbenzene)(2)1,2,4,5-四甲基苯(1,2,4,5-tetramethylbenzene)(3)1-甲基萘(1-methylnaphthalene)(4)对烯丙基甲苯(p-allyltoluene)(5)异丁基苯(iso-butylbenzene)(6)2,6-二甲基萘(2,6-dimethylnaphthalene)(7)对甲基溴苯(p-methylbromobenzene)或对溴甲苯(p-bromotoluene)(8)对甲基异丙苯(p-methylcumene)或对异丙基甲苯(p-isopropyltoluene)3.写出下列诸反应的主要产物:(4)(2)(1)COOHCOOHCH3(3)OHHHH(7)(5)(6)CH2CHCH3BrCHCH2CH3Cl(8)(9)BrCH2NO2COOC2H5NO24.预测下列化合物溴代的主要产物:2(1)(2)(3)H2NCH3BrBrO2NNO2ClBrNO2(4)(5)(6)ClBrCH3OCNO2BrNH2BrCH3CNBrNH2NO2(7)(8)(9)ClCOCH3BrOCH3BrOHBrCH3NO2BrOHOCH3NH3+SO3-BrBrOHCH3(10)(12)(11)OHCH3BrBrCF3CH3H3CCH3CH2CH2CH3CH(CH3)2CH2CH3CH3甲或乙丙5.6.比较下列各组化合物进行硝化反应的活性顺序:(1)1,3,5-三甲苯间二甲苯对二甲苯甲苯苯（未考虑空间效应）(2)甲苯苯溴苯硝基苯(3)CH3CH3COOHCOOHCOOHCOOH(4)CH3CH2ClCHCl2CCl37.反应历程如下:H+CH=CH2CHCH3+CH=CH2CHCH2CHCH3+H+CHCH=CHCH33H++H+CHCH2CHCH3HCH3C6H5CH3C6H52-苯基丙烯反应生成的产物如下:CCH=CCH3CH3CH3+C6H5(1)+CCl38.++BrCCl3hvBrCH3CCl3+HCCl3+BrCCl3CH2CH2BrCCl3CH2(2)HBr2++BrCH3CCl3CH2CCl3CCl39.CH=CHCH3CH3为顺反异构体,可用产物氢化热测定来判断是顺式还是反式异构体。10.(1)无;(2)无;(3)有;(4)有.HO3SOHSO3HOH11.GHIHO3SOHSO3HOHNO2OHOHNO212.完成下列转化：(1)CH3CH3ClC(CH3)3AlCl3CH3CH3C(CH3)3KMnO4COOHCOOHC(CH3)34(2)ClC(CH3)3AlCl3(CH3)3CCH3COClAlCl3(CH3)3CCOCH3(3)CH3CH3HNO3H2SO4CH3CH3NO2KMnO4COOHCOOHNO2（先硝化再氧化较好）13.预测下列化合物质子化的位置，并简单解释。H+SSPhPhCHSSPhPhCH+_具有芳香性SSPhPhCH+_H+(1)H+具有芳香性H+(2)+_+_14.预测下列各反应的主要产物：(1)(3)(2)(CH3)3NCH2CH2I+BrCH2CH2CF3CH3OCHCH2Br15.（1）反式异构体更稳定。（2）发生转变的过程如下：Br2+ROORROBrBr+hv22ROHROBrHBrC=CHHPhPhC=CHPhPhHPhCHCHPhBrBr（3）因为反式的1,2-二苯基乙烯更稳定。16.从苯、甲苯、环己烯开始，用恰当的方法合成下列化合物。HNO3H2SO4Cl2hvAlCl3CH3NO2CH3ClCH2NO2CH2NO2(1)hvCH3BrCH3(2)Br2FeBr2BrCH2BrHNO3H2SO4AlCl3(3)CHCl3CH33CH3O2N5Cl2hvAlCl3(4)ClNaOH醇HNO3H2SO4Cl2(5)FeClClO2NCl2FeClO2NClHNO3H2SO4hvAlCl3(6)CH2CH3Cl2CH3CH2ClCH2CH3O2NCHCH3O2NClH2OOH-O2NCCH3OCrO317.写出奈与下列试剂反应所得主要产物的构造式和名称：COOHCOOH(1)(4)(3)(2)OOO邻苯二甲酸邻苯二甲酸酐1，4-二氢化萘四氢化萘(6)(7)(5)(8)NO2BrSO3H十氢化萘1-硝基萘1-溴萘1-萘磺酸(10)(11)(9)(12)SO3HCOCH3COCH3CO(CH2)4COOH2-萘磺酸1-萘乙酮2-萘乙酮5-（1’-萘甲酰基戊酸）