沪教英语五年级上册知识点整理

12018学年第一学期五年级期末知识点整理班级___________姓名____________学号____________I．同音字1.to/two/too2.I/eye3.write/right4.know/no5.meet/meat6.here/hear7.buy/bye/by8.sun/son9.see/sea/C10.hi/high11.dear/deer12.where/wear13.some/sum14.four/for15.flower/flour16.our/hour17.pair/pear18.week/weak19.their/there20.aunt/aren’t21.eye/I22.B/be/bee23.whose/who's24.eight/ate25.red/read(过去式)26.tale/tail27.weight/wait28.weigh/way29.why/yII．音近、形近字整理1.nine,fine,five2.night,right,fight,light3.cut,but,shut,bud4.your,you,you’re5.clean,close,clothes6.hand,head,hard7.bad,bed8.some,son,sun,9.☆blue,balloon,blow,bowl,bow10.here,hear,hair11.three,tree12.tall,ball,tail,four,hall13.swim,swing,sing14.red,read(过去式)15.kite,cat16.month,mouth,mouse,mice17.big,pig,pink18.hold,old,cold19.ant,and,end20.rubber,rabbit,rubbish21.now,new22.books,box23.thin,thing,sing24.☆white,write,ride25.there,where26.green,grey27.☆work,walk28.twelve,twelfth,twenty29.every,very30.well,will31.laugh,love32.guess,guest33.feel,fell34.thirsty,thirty,thirteen35.full,fall.36.dive,drive37.parent,present38.shirt,short,shorts39.sharp,shark,shall40.count/can’t41.7:15/7:45/8:1542.off/of43.☆quiet/quite44.round/loud/cloud45.path/pass/past46.foot/food/fruit47.there/their/they’re48.sleepy/asleep49.cross/across50.different/difficultIII．反义词/相对应词21.standup------sitdown2.open---close3.turnon----turnoff4.old---new/young5.thin----fat/hick6.full----hungry/empty7.short----tall/long8.man-woman9.boy---girl10.white---black11.small----big12.here----there13.warm----cool14.hot----cold15.happy----sad/unhappy16.on----under17.this----that(these--those)18.dirty/untidy---clean/tidy19.sharp—blunt20.☆easy-difficult/hard21.☆thesame—different22.fast—slow/slowly23.top—bottom24.out—in25.high—low26.busy—free27.beautiful/pretty—-ugly28.strong—weak29.brave-afraid/shy/scared30.early-late31.heavy--light32.getup---gotobed33.hate---love/like34.lucky---unlucky35.luckily---unluckily36.strongly---gently37.both---neither38.all---none39.too---either40.east---west41.south---north42.many---few43.much---little44.puton---takeoff45.☆safe---dangerous46.careful---careless47.finally---first48.begin/start---end/finish49.☆bring---take50.always---never51.push-pull52.smart-silly/foolish/stupid53.left---right54.correct/right—wrong55.near---faraway56.getoff---geton57.leave---stay58.sell---buy59.below---above60.getin----getoutof61.come-goIV．单词特殊变化A.复数1.以s,x,sh,ch,结尾的单词，加es:1.bus---buses,2.box---boxes3.fox---foxes4.peach---peaches,5.branch---branches2.以辅音字母加y结尾的单词，去y变成ies：1.baby---babies2.library---libraries3.butterfly---butterflies3.以f或fe结尾的单词，去f或fe，变ves：1.leaf---leaves2.wolf----wolves3.knife----knives4.scarf---scarves4.不规则变化:1.mouse----mice2.sheep---sheep3.fish---fish4.deer---deer5.以o结尾的单词有生命的+es,无生命的+s，A:potatoes,tomatoes,mangoes,heroes,B:photos,pianos,3radios6.不可数名词没有复数形式。单词后不能加s，前面也不能加a、an如paper,water,milk,jam,hair等B.形容词、副词比较级的变化规则(1)一般在形容词或副词后面直接加–er变为比较级，加–est变为最高级。如：old—olderhigh—higher(2)以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母的，则双写最后一个辅音字母，再加-er变为比较级，加–est变为最高级。如：big—biggerthin—thinner(3)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的单词，则将改y为i再加-er变为比较级，加–est变为最高级。如：busy—busierheavy—heavier(4)以字母e结尾的单词，直接加–r变为比较级，加–st变为最高级。如：large—largerfree—freer(5)多音节以及某些双音节形容词或副词变为比较级或最高级时，则通常在其前加more变为比较级，加most变为最高级。如：important—moreimportantdifficult—moredifficultuseful—moreuseful不规则的比较级good/well—betterbad/ill—worsemany—morelittle—lessold—older/elderfar—farther/furtherC.基数词，序数词和日期表达1stfirst2ndsecond3rdthird5thfifth9thninth☆12thtwelfth20thtwentieth21sttwenty-first☆44thforty-fourth☆99thninety-ninth100thonehundredth101stonehundredandfirst5月1日：Maythefirst/thefirstofMay(序数词前要加the)D.形容词转化为副词1.副词变化a.直接+ly:quick----quicklystrong----stronglyslow---slowlysafe---safelycareful---carefullybeautiful---beautifullysoft---softlyb.y结尾，变为ily:thirsty---thirstilyheavy---heavilybusy---busilyhungry---hungrilyhappy---happilylucky---luckilyc.去e+lygentle---gently2.注意事项：副词通常用来修饰动词或形容词Eg:Inwinter,thewindblowsstrongly.其中strongly是用来修饰动词blow的。Mysisterisgoodatsinging.Shecansingbeautifully.其中beautifully是用来修饰动词sing的。4注：有些特殊的动词不能使用副词，而要使用形容词：（am,is,are,was,were）(感官动词smell,taste,sound,feel,touch)(表示变化turn,get,become,grow)Eg:Thewindisstronginwinter.这个句子中的动词是is因此只能使用形容词strong.Inautumn,theleavesturnyellowandgreen.句子中的动词turn表示变化，因此只能使用形容词red和yellow.V．字母的发音规律a/ei/cake,table,plate,Jane,make,face,take,make/æ/jam,hand,fat,bad,sad,has,rabbit,ant,apple,cat,man,/a:/grass,glass,father,pass,fast,class,ask,bathroom/ɔ/Want,watch,whate/i:/he,she,me,we,Peter,Eva,Chinese,Japanese/e/pen,ten,red,seven,Ken,yellow,heni/aɪ/kite,like,bicycle,Mike,nice/i/pig,big,pink,his,with,stick,chick,is,Jim,o/əʊ/hold,photo,old,rose,open,go/ɔ/Bonnie,dog,hot,shop,box,orange,office，songu/ju:/pupil,tube,music,tune/ʌ/duck,Russ,run,sun,up,summerar/a:/car,park,garden,large,sharp,start,March特殊ar/ɔ:/quarter,warmueoo/u:/blue,glueschool,moon,too,noodles,特殊oo/u/good,cook,foot,look,book,wood,woof,took,shookirurer/ə:/bird,first,third,thirsty,thirty,girl,purple,nursenerve,nervous,serve,service,her特殊er(词尾)/ə/quarter,teacher,waiteree/e-eea/i:/bee,meet,sleep,week,these,Chinese,Japanesepea,meat,weak