语法专题十三特殊句式.ppt

语法专项特殊句式Monday,March5,2012考点一倒装㈠全部倒装1.表示时间(now,then)或地点（方位）的副词(here,there,up,down,in,out,away,off)或介词短语放于句首时引起的句子要全部倒装。注：在全部倒装句中，谓语动词是表示运动的不及物动词(如go,come，run，rush，fly)或系动词be,通常用一般现在时和一般过去时，不能用进行时、将来时或完成时态。•例1Atthefootofthemountain____.(06年四川卷)A.avillagelieB.liesavillageC.doesavillagelieD.lyingavillageB•例2Justinfrontofourhouse____withahistoryof1,000years.(06年上海卷)A.doesatalltreestandB.standsatalltreeC.atalltreeisstandingD.atalltreestands2.代词such放在句首，句子的谓语动词是be。•SuchwasAlbertEinstein，asimplemanandthe20thcentury’sgreatestscientist．•Sucharethefacts；noonecandenythem．B3.分词与表示地点的副词或介词短语一起放在句首，句子的谓语动词是be，主语是名词。•Lyingonthefloorwasaboyagedaboutl7．•Seatedonthegroundareagroupofyoungpeople.注：全部倒装可用于定语从句中。•Hesuddenlyfoundhimselfstandingatthefootofahill，ontopofwhichstoodanoldtemple．•Thelittleboysatbyahouse,infrontof_______(be)sometrees.（2009天津）whichwere㈡部分倒装1.将含有否定意义的副词或连词置于句首引起的部分倒装结构。这类状语有：not,never,barely,seldom,rarely,little,nowhere,atnotime,bynomeans,nolonger,hardly/scarcely….when…,nosooner…than…,notonly…but(also)…,notuntil…,neither…nor…等。•△但neither…nor…引导两个分句时，这两个分句中的主谓均要倒装。•NeitherdoIknowheraddress，nordoeshe．•例3I’vetriedveryhardtoimprovemyEnglish.Butbynomeans____withmyprogress.(06年重庆卷)A.theteacherisnotsatisfiedB.istheteachernotsatisfiedC.theteacherissatisfiedD.istheteachersatisfied例4—DidLindaseethetrafficaccident?—No,nosooner____thanithappened.(06年天津卷)A.hadshegoneB.shehadgoneC.hasshegoneD.shehasgoneDA•例5Notonly____interestedinfootballbut____beginningtoshowaninterestinit.(02年上海卷)A.theteacherhimselfis;allhisstudentsareB.theteacherhimselfis;areallhisstudentsC.istheteacherhimself;areallhisstudentsD.istheteacherhimself;allhisstudentsareD2.only+副词/介词短语/状语从句置于句首时,主句要进行部分倒装•例6Onlythen____howmuchdamagehadbeencaused?(06年陕西卷)A.sherealizedB.shehadrealizedC.hadsherealizedD.didsherealizeD•例7Sodifficult____ittoworkouttheproblemthatIdecidedtoaskTomforadvice.(06年广东卷)A.IdidfindB.didIfindC.IhavefoundD.haveIfoundInsuchahurry___hisofficethatheforgottolockthedoor.A.didheleaveB.heleftC.hehadleftD.hasheleft3.so/such…that…结构中的so,such连同它所修饰的成分位于句首表示强调时,主句要进行部分倒装BA4.so／neither／nor表示前面所说的情况也适合于后者时用倒装结构“so／neither／nor＋助动词／系动词／情态动词＋主语”（so表示肯定意义；neither／nor表示否定意义）•例8──It’sburninghottoday,isn’tit?──Yes.____yesterday.(06年福建卷)A.SowasitB.SoitwasC.SoitisD.SoisitA•例9—Iwouldnevercometothisrestaurantagain.Thefoodisterrible.—____.(04年全国卷Ⅲ)A.NoramIB.NeitherwouldIC.SamewithmeD.SodoIB•如果so表示强调，即强调前面所说的情况的真实性时，其结构则是“so＋主语＋助动词／系动词／情态动词”的形式，表示“某人或某事的确如此”。如：例10──Well，Idothinktherabbitisabeautiful,gentleanimalwhichcanrunveryfast.(05年辽宁卷)──_____.A.SoitisB.SoisitC.SodoesitD.SoitdoesA5.虚拟语气条件状语从句的倒装在虚拟语气条件句中含有were,had,should等助动词时，可以将if省略，把助动词放在条件状语从句的句首。例11_______fired,yourhealthcareandotherbenefitswillnotbeimmediatelycutoff.(06年湖北卷)A.WouldyoubeB.ShouldyoubeC.CouldyoubeD.MightyoubeB•例12______forthefreeticket,Iwouldnothavegonetoseethefilm.(95年上海卷)A.IfitisnotB.WereitnotC.HaditnotbeenD.IftheywerenotC6.as/though引导的让步状语从句要用倒装结构。•即as/though引导的让步从句中必须将表语或状语提前（形容词、副词、分词、实义动词提前），构成“形容词/副词/名词/动词原形+as/though+主语+谓语部分”的形式。例13______,hetalksalotabouthisfavoritessingersafterclass.(05年重庆卷)A.AquietstudentashemaybeB.QuietstudentashemaybeC.BeaquietstudentashemaybeD.QuietashemaybeastudentB•例14______,Ihaveneverseenanyonewho’sascapableasJohn.(01年上海卷)A.AslongasIhavetraveledB.NowthatIhavetraveledsomuchC.MuchasIhavetraveledD.AsIhavetraveledsomuchC使用as/though进行倒装时需要注意的是：①句首有名词时，名词不能带任何冠词。②句首是实义动词时，其他助动词则放在主语之后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语，则宾语和状语随实义动词一起放在主语之前。如:Tryhardashewill/Tryashemight,heneverseemsabletodotheworksatisfactorily.虽然他尽了努力，但他的工作总做的不尽人意。1.(1997全国卷)_______,motherwillwaitforhimtohavedinnertogether.A.HoweverlateisheB.HoweverheislateB.HoweverishelateD.Howeverlateheis2.(2004上海春季)________,Ihavetoputitawayandfocusmyattentiononstudythisweek.A.HoweverthestoryisamusingB.NomatteramusingthestoryisC.HoweveramusingthestoryisD.Nomatterhowthestoryisamusing3.(2004湖北卷)Youshouldtrytogetagoodnight’ssleep_____muchworkyouhavetodo.A.howeverB.nomatterC.althoughD.whateverDCA7.however/nomatterhow4.(2005天津)Hetriedhisbesttosolvetheproblem,_______difficultitwas.A.howeverB.nomatterC.whateverD.althoughAhowever倒装的结构为：however/nomatterhow+adj./adv.+主语+谓语however/nomatterhow+adj.+a+n.+主语+谓语however/nomatterhow+many/much+n.+主语+谓语例如：Nomatterhowdifficulttheproblemis,wemustmanagetosolveit.无论问题有多么困难，我们都必须设法解决。Exercises:1.AtthemeetingplaceoftheYangtzeRiverandtheJialingRiver___,oneofthetenlargestcitiesinChina.A.liesChongqingB.ChongqingliesC.doeslieChongqingD.doesChongqinglie2.Notuntilhelefthishome___toknowhowimportantthefamilywasforhim.A.didhebeginB.hadhebegunC.hebeganD.hehadbegun3.Welaughatjokes,butseldom___abouthowtheywork.A.wethinkB.thinkweC.wedothinkD.dowethinkAAD4.Johnopenedthedoor.There___hehadneverseenbefore.A.agirldidstandB.agirlstoodC.didagirlstandD.stoodagirlD考点二强调1．强调句型①强调句型的陈述句形式：Itis／was+被强调部分+that／who…Itislwhoamtoblame．•Itiswhatheusedtodothatreallymatters．•Itwasthemanwhowasdressedinblackthathelpedtocatchthethief.•Itwasbecausehermotherwasillthatshedidn’tgotowork.②强调句型的一般疑问句注：这时that／who从句中的谓语动词要用陈述语序。•IsitProfessorWangthat／wh