发达国家能源政策比较研究(1)

中国石油大学硕士学位论文发达国家能源政策比较研究姓名：梅陈申请学位级别：硕士专业：企业管理指导教师：董秀成20070301IIIIIComparableResearchofEnergyPoliciesinDevelopedCountriesandAreasAbstractNowadays,energy,laborandcapitalhavebecomethebasicstrategicmaterialsandproductionfactorsofeconomicsystem.Thelackofenergywoulddirectlyinfluencethedevelopmentofeconomyandsociety.Inrecentyears,thedemandofoilwasincreasinglyenlarged.Theeconomicrecoveryoftheworldandthelimitedrefinerycapacityofmajoroilproductioncountriesledthefierceturbulenceofworldenergymarketandtheriseoftheinternationaloilprice.Theriseofinternationaloilpriceincreasedtheenergycostofeconomy’sgrowth,sothatthenationalenergysecurityhasbecomethehighlyfocusedstrategicproblemofeachcountry.Governmentsofthedevelopedcountriesandareashadbeenpayingattentiontothepracticeofenergypolicies.Whetherthepracticeofenergypolicewassuccessfulhadsomethingtodowiththesecurityofnationalenergysupplysecurity,thedevelopmentofeconomy,andeventhesecurityofthecountry.Afteranalyzingtheexperienceofenergypoliciesofmajordevelopedcountriesandareas,thispapertalkedaboutthattheimprovementofenergyefficiency,thedevelopmentofrenewableenergy,theintegrityofnationaloilreserveandtheimprovementofenergytechnologypolicycanassuretheenergysecurityofourcountry,andimprovethecontinuoussteadydevelopment.Keywords:Energy;EnergyPolicy;DevelopedCountryandArea;ComparableResearchofEnergyPolicy1111.2.3.2222.12.1.12.1.2(1)2324(2)2.1.3252.22.2.12.2.22.2.32.32.3.1262.3.22.3.32.3.4272.3.52.3.62.3.73833.13.1.1(1)a.1968218.51902000100130/20%46b.4831%30%41167393-1a.24%202050%85%15%48200016%1999202090%202033%3103520%401010%(200)()200450002%b.10320%69%19792020311c.50008050%1280%20011025%1300-190050%d.312a.200(320)66%1/523202050%26.33.8b.2010502566%20251631391120011120057()109.1120058314400500/(2)AlanP.Larsona.()2005217.2/16.6%152.3/12.17%150.6/11.26%164.6/11.13%b.67%202054%-67%315c.20080/2005--180/5%2000670/7%420/33%199935%d.202.1%41%-52%3163-220063()5%10%30%2020100/500-800/70%AlanP.Larson317(APEC)(WTO)(OECD)(FTAA)(TDA)(OPIC)3.23.2.1(1)3182030(2)ESCO2005()319(3)20082008G8(4)IT3.2.2(1)320C022008(2)ETBE()C022015GTLGTL102020GTL(3)GTL321GTLCOeGTLBTLCTLCTL(4)3.2.3(1)RPS()(SSPS)322(2)(3)(4)SBIR(SmallBusinesslnnovationResearch)3.2.4(1)3232030(2)6(2007)()(1618)(3)202520506(2045)(4)324(5)(6)(7)2130(8)(9)2005325(10)3.2.5(1)ODA32690327(2)GTLEORDME()(3)LNGLNG(4)328(5)3.2.6(1)329ESCOCDMNPO(APP)(2)330(RPS)CDM(3)CDM331(APP)(4)(5)3.2.7(1)IEA332(2)(3)3.2.8(1)210020502030(2)3333.33-33.3.1200773345(1)(2)200210335(3)20(4)(5)3363.3.2(1)2003337(2)IEAIEA3.3.33383.3.42202515199050(EUEmissionTradingScheme)339(1)200520600100202020340IEA”(EnergyStarAgreement)(2)19901550150()302001201021200320105.7514()2010341(3)3.3.5()3030342IIER(EuropeanInstituteofTechnology)ITER(EUEmissionTradingScheme)343(greencertificates)(feedintariffs)(TheIntelligentEnergyEuropeProgram)3.3.6(1)LNG344(2)()G8OPECG8(TheEnergyCharterTreaty)(TheTransitProtocol)(EuropeanNeighborhoodPolicy)345(EIB)(EBRD)(3)(4)346WTO(5)744744.12070301995119712.8520021.884.1.1198719921979199819934484.1.21994129022010198530%-35%2002198517%20011322112002-2005700020004.1.320004.1.4704494/53/42/31/3800050%19983613733%12319937%20%130%4.270804501971-200243.6%35.6%506080200223%76.4%30%20%19791985809020002/33201010301971-200011.1%4.2.11992201019887.5%8%202020%20304%25%1993(1994-2030)201010%203034%4514.2.21991200020024.2.3197820030%800020%25%1979519921999611011.519971.6511.510%54.2.420904524.331990819911114250/80%199931999210/20001032/3200091020032005830709226302003030007304.3.11975124531973197819831968414(1972425)4.3.290200472003572003171904.3.3(2002)4544.3.4104.3.55104.3.6455904.3.710%55655.15.1.15.1.2199120017%8%9%20035575.1.35.25.2.15.2.2R&D5585.2.365%5.35.3.120045.3.255980%70%5.45.4.1(IEA2003a)5.4.230560R&D20805.4.3(1)2070(2)(EDF)EDFall-electric,all-nuclear561(3)66266634205066465[1]2006[2]2006[3]200636[4]200636[5]200626[6]200636[7]200636[8]20067[9]20062[10]200654[11]200511-12[12]20063[13]20052137[14]6620062152[15][16]20061[17]20063[18]20065285[19]2006683[20]20022[21]2005[22]20012001[23]20038[24]EnergyPoliciesOfUSA[25]EnergyPoliciesOfJAPAN[26]CromptonPWuYEnergyConsumptioninChina:pasttrendsandfuturedirectionsEnergyEconomics27(1):P.195-208,2005[27]EU.2002ScienceandTechnologyforSustainableEnergyOfficeforofficialpublicationoftheEuropeanCommunities,EuropeanUnion,Luxemburg[28]BP.2006BPStatisticalReviewofWorldEnergy2006BritishPetroleum,London6705发达国家能源政策比较研究作者：梅陈学位授予单位：中国石油大学相似文献(10条)1.期刊论文尤强严格控制煤炭出口建立战略资源储备-山东经济战略研究2004,(11)煤炭是我国经济发展不可或缺的生产原料,也是人民日常生活的必需品,在我国能源短缺、煤炭供应日趋紧张的背景下,限制煤炭出口,保障国内市场需求具有重要的意义;从长远来看,煤炭继续出口已威胁到我国的能源安全,我们必须建立能源战略储备制度.2.学位论文李勇中国与东盟能源贸易发展研究2007能源是国民经济发展的战略资源，在区域与国际贸易中占据着十分重要的地位。中国与东盟间能源贸易尽管在个别能源产品上的优势在弱化，但在其他能源产品的资源禀赋和比较成本等方面仍存在着很强的互补性，比较优势显著：东盟丰富的天然气和水电资源是中国能源巨大缺口和消费结构严重失调的有效补充和调整，而中国则在煤炭、成品油上存在资源禀赋和规模经济上的优势。因此，在中国与东盟自由贸易区框架范围内，开展中国与东盟间能源贸易前景广阔，加强中国与东盟间能源贸易对促进中国与东盟自由贸易区的建设有着十分深远意义。目前，中国与东盟间能源贸易存在着原有比较优势正在弱化和现实贸易水平较低等方面的问题，随着东盟传统能源生产国在能源领域投资力度的加大和新东盟成员国能源资源的开发利用以及新能源技术的推广应用，中国与东盟间能源比较优势将会在原有的基础上得到提升，通过加强双方间能源领域的相互投资和有效协调机制的建