六特殊句型的被动语态

初中被动语态的特殊结构形式特殊形式考的很多，除了昨天的不同时态的被动语态，现在的特殊形式也是另一个考点一带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词。例Thebabyshouldbetakengoodcareofbythebaby-sitter.二特殊句型的被动语态：⑴含有使役动词（make/let/have）或感官动词（hear,see,listento,lookat,find,watch,feel等）的句子，在主动语态中这些词后常跟不带to的动词不定式，但是在改成被动语态时，则一定要把省去的to再加上去，另外help这一个词在主动语态中后面的动词不定式可以带to,也可不带to,但在被动语态中也必须把to加上去。例：①Motheroftenmakesmedosomehousework.→Iamoftenmadetodosomehouseworkbymother.②Wesawhimrunintotheclassroom.→Hewasseentorunintotheclassroombyus.⑵teach,give,pass,show,buy,tell等动词常常带有两个宾语（双宾语：直接宾语和间接宾语），改为被动语态时，两个宾语可以选其中任一个作主语。如果直接宾语被提前作主语，那么间接宾语（一般是人）前要加相应的介词to/for。例：①Ｓhegavemeapen.=Shegaveapentome.→Iwasgivenapenbyher.→Apenwasgiventomebyher.②Myfatherboughtmeanewbike.=Myfatherboughtanewbikeforme.→Iwasboughtanewbikebymyfather.→Anewbikewasboughtformebymyfather.⑶由不及物动词（vi）+介词/副词＋宾语的句子改成被动语态时，介词或副词不能丢掉。(前面已举过两例)例：①Ｗeshouldspeaktooldpeoplepolitely.→Oldpeopleshouldbespokentopolitely(byus).②Hetookawaythebox..→Theboxwastakenawaybyhim.⑷含有宾语补足语的句子改为变动语态。（宾补放在原来位置不变）例：①WecallhimXiaoMa.主谓宾宾补→ＨeiscalledXiaoMabyus.②Hefoundthebookveryinteresting.→Thebookwasfoundveryinterestingbyhim.三、Itissaidthat+从句及其他类似句型一些表示“据说”或“相信”的动词如believe,consider,expect,report,say,suppose,think等可以用于句型“It＋be＋过去分词＋that从句”或“主语＋be＋过去分词＋todosth.”。有：Itissaidthat…据说,Itisreportedthat…据报道，Itisbelievedthat…大家相信，Itishopedthat…大家希望，Itiswellknownthat…众所周知，Itisthoughtthat…大家认为，Itissuggestedthat…据建议。例Itissaidthattheboyhaspassedthenationalexam.（＝Theboyissaidtohavepassedthenationalexam.）四没有被动语态的动词：1.没有被动语态的词，表示状态或特征的及物动词如cost,fit,have,suit,writewell(好写),sellwell（好卖）等没有被动形式，另外，诸如happen=takeplace,breakout(爆发)，breakdown(坏了)等不及物动词或短语以及诸如resultfrom(缘于)，belongto,等只用主动语态，而不用被动语态2不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态:appear,die,disappear,end(vi.结束),fail,last（持续）,lie,remain,sit,spread（传播）,stand,cometrue,fallasleep,...3.大多数系动词：be,feel(摸起来)，sound(听起来)，look(看起来)，smell(闻起来)taste（尝起来）等词无被动语态，它们的主动形式表示被动意义。例：①Ｔheskirtfeelsverysoft.这件裙子摸起来很柔软。②Manychangeshavehappenedinourhometown.③Thefilmlastedfor3months语法专练一、把下列主动语态改为被动语态:1.WeoftenusearecorderinourEnglishclass._______________________________________________________________________________.2.Theywillshowanewfilmnextweek._______________________________________________________________________________.3.Isawtheboyentertheroom._________________________________________________________________________.4.Weoftenseehimhelphisclassmate._______________________________________________________________________________.5.Youmustturnoffthelightbeforeyougotobed.______________________________________________________________________________.二、选择填空:1.Thereadingroom________yesterdayafternoon.A.cleanedB.iscleanedC.wascleaningD.wascleaned2.Theworkersweremade________tenhoursaday.A.workB.toworkC.workingD.worked3.Food________inacoolplaceinsummer.A.mustkeepB.mustn’tkeepC.mustbekeptD.mustn’tbekept4.Thepen________well.A.writesB.iswrittenC.waswrittenD.writing5.Greatchanges________inthetownsince1988.A.havetakenplaceB.havebeentakenplaceC.hastakenplaceD.hasbeentakenplace6.Ourcompositionsmust________nextMonday.A.behandinB.behandedinC.handedinD.behandingin7.Thechildwill________backtohisparentsnextmonth.A.sentB.sendC.besentD.besending8.Theclassroom________nowA.iscleaningB.isbeingcleaningC.isbeingcleanedD.iscleaned9.Nopermission允许has________foranybodytoenterthebuilding.A.beengivenB.givenC.togiveD.begiven10.I_______tenminutestodecidewhetherIshouldrejecttheoffer.A.gaveB.wasgivenC.wasgivingD.hadgiven11.Cansuchathing_____happeningagain?A.preventfromB.preventedfromC.bepreventedfromD.topreventfrom12.Anewhouse________atthecorneroftheroad.A.isbuildingB.isbeingbuiltC.beenbuiltD.bebuilding三、用适当时态和语态的动词填空:用一个或几个单词1.Canhe________(speak)English?2.Whatlanguage________(speak)inthatcountry?3.Thefilm________(show)manytimessincelastSunday.4.TheseTVsets________(make)inSichuan.5.Ithasgotsodark.Wouldyouplease________(turn)onthelight?6.Anewhospital________(build)inthisareanow.7.I________(tell)thathe________(notcome)justnow.