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DiffServ及MobileIPv6的整合技術說明Outline•6.1DiffServproblemsinIPmobilityenvironments–6.1.1DynamicSLSConfiguration–6.1.2DynamicRoutingforSLAsetup–6.1.3MobileFlowIdentificationOutline•6.2DiffServProposalsinIPmobilityenvironments–6.2.1TheProposalforDynamicSLSConfiguration•AQoSArchitectureforFutureWirelessIPNetworks–6.2.2TheProposalforDynamicRoutingforSLAsetup•QoSinMobileIPv6–6.2.3TheProposalforMobileFlowIdentification•AnAnalysisoftheDiffServApproachinMobileEnvironmentsIntroduction•整合QoS的優點–對於商業以及Real-time服務是不可或缺的–例如:視訊會議、語音通訊(Skype)、網路電視…等。•MobileIPv6與QoS的整合,在技術上會遇到一些問題,尚未有標準的解決方案。Overview•MobileIPv6與QoS整合上的問題來源–QoS的服務是建立在靜態設定上。–MobileIPv6的環境是經常動態變化。•這些問題導致使用者必須要求對QoS做些動態上的設定調整。•如何使得QoS服務能夠適應這種動態設定上的要求,成為必須探討的重要問題。DynamicSLSConfiguration•SLS(ServiceLevelSpecification)–Specifieshandlingofcustomer'strafficbyanetworkprovider.•更動SLS–使用者必須要與擁有權限調整SLS的服務人員聯繫,在由技術人員對SLS更動。•假設MH的MobileIPv6環境變動很大,需要對SLS時常做修改,便顯得非常耗時耗力。DynamicRoutingforSLAsetup•SLA(ServiceLevelAgreement)–與homeagent的ISP業者簽訂。•MH在homeagent所得到的服務等級,只在MH的homenetwork以及CN的network間有效。•如果MH移動到foreignsubnet,想得到與homeagent相同的服務等級,必須重新與其foreignsubnet的ISP業者簽訂SLA。MobileFlowIdentification•Thefirstandborderrouterstoidentifymicro-flowsassociatedwithmobileusers.•以MobileHost為例,封包中的SrcIP以及DestIP欄位有可能會改變。–FlowIdentification是以HomeAddresses為基礎而運作。•FlowIdentification對於DiffServ的封包分類程序(如:multi-field(MF)classification)是非常重要的一環。MobileFlowIdentification•InordertoidentifytheinformationrequiredforMFclassification.–IPv6thehomeaddress,destinationoption,andtheroutingheaderneedtobeanalyzed.•如果MFclassification在邊界路由器上執行的話,也會發生同樣的問題。TheProposalforDynamicSLSConfiguration•文獻–J.C.Chenandal,“AQoSArchitectureforFutureWirelessIPNetworks”.•目的–MobileIP環境下結合QoS機制。–低Signalingoverhead。–當MN移動時,維持穩定的QoS。–提供DynamicSLSnegotiation。TheProposalforDynamicSLSConfiguration\•WirelessQoSarchitectureDomain1~~GlobalIPNetworkDomain2.A:i\,AserverQGS\AAAserver'U')U~DHCPserver....-.RAN.:»--1!l---...MSQGS;QoSGlobalServerQLN:QoSLocalNodeMS:MobileStationRAN:RadioAccessNetworkTheProposalforDynamicSLSConfiguration•ArchitectureComponents–MS(mobilestation)•使用者的上網設備。–QGS(Qosglobalserver)•擁有整個domain可用資源的資訊。•MS與QLN之間的溝通橋樑。•QoSnegotiation和signaling的控制平台。TheProposalforDynamicSLSConfiguration•QLN(QoSlocalnode)–DSdomain的邊界(edge)以及入口(ingress)路由器。–週期性地與QGS更新local端資源使用狀況。–對通過的封包執行mark、police、shape…等動作。TheProposalforDynamicSLSConfiguration•Protocols–DynamicSLSNegotiationProtocol(DSNP)•當MS移至新的RAN要求做SLS更動時,QGS首先會與MS的homeQGS或其他的管理伺服器作溝通。•完成一次溝通後,QGS會將其結果Multicast至其他位於相同administrationdomain的QLNs。•只執行一次溝通便完成了dynamicSLS的設定,大幅降低了signaling所消耗的頻寬。TheProposalforDynamicSLSConfiguration----•Exampleflowforfirstpower-onormovingintoanewdomain.DHCPMSServerQGSAAAServerQLNiDHCPDISCOVERDHCPOFFERDHCPREQUEST~-_DHCPACKDSWREQ(;ESTAAAREQUEST-AAARESPOND-UPDATE-DS:XPOFFER--ACKactualtrafficTheProposalforDynamicSLSConfiguration-•MS想更改SLS時,必須與QGS做更新SLS的動作。MSQGSAAAServerQLNi-DSNPUPDATE_-AAAREQUEST__-DSNPACCEPT_-_AAARESPONDNEWSLS_ACK-.-...-actualtraffic.-...TheProposalforDynamicSLSConfiguration--•MS移至同個domain的其他RAN時,除非MS想更改SLS,否則無需執行signaling和negotiation的動作。DHCPMSServerQGSAAAServerQL;'\fiDHCPDISCOVER__.DHCPOFFER....DHCPREQUEST....-_.DHCPACK....-.-actualtraffic......--_,.NEWINF'O....UPDATE.--..-..ACKTheProposalforDynamicSLSConfiguration•Implementation–SLSUpdate•假如QGS決定降低update的次數,回傳給MS拒絕更新的訊息。•當QGS允許MS更新SLS,新的SLS資訊會複製到MS的表格當中。•除了更新表格之外,還必須通知QLNs更改了SLS。•最後由QGS送給MS允許更新的訊息。TheProposalforDynamicSLSConfigurationeOAoSoSSLS10.1.1.1xxxxa.aayyyybbb155.247.170.4COAoSxxxx10.1.3.1yyyy{!LMSHA:128.175.2.13COA:I0.1.1.1MSHA:155.247.170.4COA:I0.1.3.1COAoSHA:HomeAddressxxxxCOA:Care-of-Address155.247.170.4yyyyTheProposalforDynamicRoutingforSLAsetup•文獻–ZhigangKAN,DongmeiZHANG,RuntongZHANG,JianMA,“QoSinMobileIPv6”.•目的–提出two-planetwo-tier的QoS架構•保證end-to-end的QoS,解決dynamicSLAsetup的問題。•透過MobileIPv6的signaling來處理QoSnegotiation。TheProposalforDynamicRoutingforSLAsetup•Two-TierQoSarchitectureRAN3TheProposalforDynamicRoutingforSLAsetup•ArchitectureComponents–GlobalQoSAgent(GQA)•擁有整個domain的資源訊息,並指示LQAs如何對進來的流量做處理。–LocalQoSAgents(LQA)•DSdomain的ingress路由器以及連接RadioAccessNetworks(RAN)的邊界路由器。–NetworkAdministrationDomain(NAD)•至少會有一個GQA還多個LQA。–RadioAccessNetworks(RAN)TheProposalforDynamicRoutingforSLAsetup•QoSSignaling–COPS•現有MobileIPv6的signaling做延伸。•用來溝通GQA與GQA,GQA與LQA。•具擴充彈性的架構–由GQA管理整個domain的資源。–將流量控制和封包轉送的機制分隔開。TheProposalforDynamicRoutingforSLAsetup•End-to-endQoSguarantees–NAD間鄰近的GQAs會相互同步MN的SLAs•不同NAD間的SLAs定義不同。–保持MN與CN間的routing擁有相同的QoS•解決dynamicroutingforSLAsetup問題。•使MN到CN間的頻寬獲得該有的保證。TheProposalforDynamicRoutingforSLAsetup•End-to-endQoSguarantees示意圖LQARANForeignnetworkeNTheProposalforDynamicRoutingforSLAsetup•QoSsignallings流程–1.MN傳送帶有QoSObjectOption的extendedBU給defaultrouter。–2.defaultrouter收到來自MN的BUmessage之後,以COPSRequestmessage通知LQA來自MN的QoS要求。RANHomeNetworkMNLQA~[TheProposalforDynamicRoutingforSLAsetup–3.如果LQA同意MN的QoS要求,回應給defaultrouter一個successCOPSDecisionmessage。反之,則回應failureCOPSDecisionmessage。–4.取得successCOPSDecisionmessage,defaultrouter回送給LQA依個COPSReportmessage。反之,則不對LQA傳送任何回應的message。RANHomeNetworkM
本文标题:IPv6技术系列_CH4_MobileIPv6andQoS
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