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解析高考英语阅读中的长难句解析高考英语阅读中的长难句Hewhoisgoodatreadingwillconquertheworld.1.回忆三种基本句子类型2.长难句的类型及分析方法3.长难句分析在高考阅读中的演练句子种类简单句并列句复合句长难句之朝花夕拾篇(1)Wetookpityonthepeopleinthedisaster-hitareainYushuandmanystudentsraisedmoneyforthem.(2)Havingsufferedanumberofhealthproblems,formerOlympicPresidentSamaranchdiedonApril21inBarcelona.(3)TheInternetisanexcitingtoolthatnotonlyputsvastinformationatyourfingertipsbutexpandsoptions.asimplesentenceacompound(复合)sentenceacoordinate(并列)sentenceSamaranchdied_______________________________________________________________m结构分析法明晰句子结构,把握句子的基本框架。A.判断该句是简单句、并列句还是复合句;B.找出句子的主干成分(主语和谓语),分清句子附属成分,理解句子大意。C.层层分析,层层剥离句子判断简单句并列句复合句主干并列连词从属连词SubordinatingConjunctions从属连词•InAdverbialClauses状从:•Before,after,when,while,as,since,until,till,if,unless,incase,inorderthat,sothat,because,as,since,so…that,such…thatalthough,though,eventhough/if,whether,asif,asthough,where….•InAttributiveClauses定从:•Which,that,who,whom,whose,when,where,why…•InNounClauses名从:•What,that,whether,if,how,which,when,why,where…•CompoundConjunctions并列连词•andbutorsowhile(而)when(这时,那时)for句子较长,一个从句套着另一个从句,环环相扣。不管句子有多长有多复杂,它只由两部分构成,即主干和修饰成分。主干是整个句子的骨架,主要指主谓宾结构或主系表结构。而修饰成分在句中只起修饰或补充主干的作用,它既可以是单词,也可以是短语,更常见的则是从句,尤其是定语从句和状语从句。我们应通过仔细分析,将每个修饰成分划出来,找出句子的主干,这样整个句子结构就清晰了。SchoolsacrossChinaareexpectedtohire50,000collegegraduatesthisyearasshort-termteachers,almostthreetimesthenumberhiredlastyear,tohelpreduceunemploymentpressures.(2009江苏)介词短语时间状语介词短语同位语过去分词做定语定语长难句之分门别类篇1.带有较多成分的简单句不定式做状语Schoolsareexpectedtohirecollegegraduates去枝叶,留主干。2.含有多个从句的复合句Whereasawoman’sclosestfemalefriendmightbethefirsttotellhertoleaveafailingmarriage,itwasn’tunusualtohearamansaythathedidn’tknowthathisfriend’smarriagewasinserioustroubleuntilheappearedonenightaskingifhecouldsleeponthesofa.找从属连词,分析从句,理解句意。并列和主从复合句并存的处理方法——先读懂并列句,再看主从复合句youaskpeopletonameonepersonhadthegreatesteffectontheEnglishlanguage,youwillgetanswerslike“Shakespeare”,“SamuelJohnson”,and“Webster”,noneofthesemenhadanyeffectatallcomparedtoamandidn’tevenspeakEnglish—William,theConqueror.butIfwhowho3.含有插入语的句子这种句子的特点是在正常的句子中插入一些或长或短的成分或句子,比如同位语(从句)、非限制性定语从句、状语从句、分词、插入语等等,打断读者的思路,割裂前后之间的语义,造成理解上的困难。我们称之为“打岔”。有时有逗号或破折号分开,忽略插入成分,直奔句子主题.Thelackofrightmale(男性的)rolemodelsinmanyoftheirlives—athomeandparticularlyintheschoolenvironment(环境)—meansthattheirpeersaretheonlypeopletheyhavetojudgethemselvesagainst.(2008辽宁卷C篇)译文:在他们很多人的生活中,如在家里,尤其是在学校,缺少合适的男性榜样,这就意味着他们只好对照自己的同龄人来评判自己。Sciencehasbecomesoimportantinthemodernworld,withitsproceduressohighlystandardizedandsowidelyaccepted,thatitisincludedamongmodernsocialinstitutions.随着科学研究程序达到高度标准化并被广泛接受,在当今世界上,科学已变得如此重要,以至被纳入现代社会制度之中。4.成分省略Themagazineismale-targetingbecauseyoungguysgenerallywon’tpickupamagazinethatappearstobedirectedatfemales,whereasgirlsusuallywill.把握大意,找出上文对应信息,补充省略成分Before1066,inthelandwenowcallGreatBritainlivedpeoplesbelongingtotwomajorlanguagegroups.5.倒装句确定主语,调整语序,把握大意.1.MobilephoneSIMcardswhichareputinthecollars(项圈)ofelephantsautomaticallysendatextmessagewhentheygettooclosetofarms,allowingwildlifeworkerstodrivethemoffratherthanshootthem.2.Iwasdiscussingthisproblemrecentlywithacolleaguewhohadbeenbeatinghisheadagainstthewallformonthstryingtogetastoryaboutamysterious“darkforce”incosmology(宇宙学)pasteditorsatNewYorker.长难句之小试牛刀篇_____________________________________________________________________3.Barberacknowledgesthatfindingtimetoworkoutandgetafullnight’ssleepcanbedifficultwhenworkpressureismounting,andthatoften,jobstresscanbedirectlyrelatedtosleepquality.4.Thefindingsalsorevealedthatwhenemployeesfelttheyhadabadnight'ssleepbecauseofworkissues,theyweremorelikelytobegrouchyathome.2018广东模拟(一)_____________________________________长难句之方法总结篇1.带有较多成分的简单句------去枝叶,留主干。2.含有多个从句的复合句------找从属连词,分析从句,理解句意。3.含有插入成分的句子------忽略插入成分,直奔句子主题。4.倒装句------确定主语,调整语序,把握大意。5.成分省略------把握大意,找出对应信息,补充省略成分。分析:①是状语从句,②是主句,③是with引导的介词短语作状语,修饰谓语。这样,把整个句子划为3个意群,可以大大提高阅读速度。①Whentwocarstravellingat30mhhiteachother,②anunbelteddriverwouldmeetthewindshield③withaforceequaltodivingheadfirstintothegroundfromaheightof10meters.1.意群阅读法2.剥丝抽茧法先跳读修饰成分或附加成分,找出句子的主干并理解其意义;然后再分层理解修饰成分或附加成分。如果待处理的长难句为一个复杂的主从复合句,可这样处理:先分清主句与从句,然后弄清从句的性质,即弄清它是什么从句。是名词性从句,还是状语从句,或是定语从句。另外,有一点要提醒同学们,在处理长难句时,如果既能正确理解句意,又能将其准确地译成中文,那是最好了。但是,对于有些长难句,要在较短时间内(如在参加考试时)将其译成中文比较困难,此时只要能正确理解其意思就行了,3.良好习惯多尝试分析长难句并找出20个长难句进行朗读并背诵。长难句之实战演练篇3.良好习惯多尝试分析长难句并找出20个长难句进行朗读并背诵。3.良好习惯多尝试分析长难句并找出20个长难句进行朗读并背诵。
本文标题:2018高考英语-阅读中的长难句
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