低硫转换程序

LOWSULPHURFUELOILCHANG-OVERPROCEDURE1.Shipdetails船舶细节ShipnameGSMPhone:InmarsatF-phoneInmarsatF-faxInmarsatF-emailInmarsatCMMSI:CallSign:IMONumber:Lengthoverall[m]:Breadthoverall[m]:Summerdraught[m]:GrossTonnage:Yearbuilt:Flag:OfficialNo:Class:Portofregistry:2.OwnerDetailsOwner:Operator:AddressTel:Fax:E-mail:Telex:3.EngineDetailsMEConsumption:AE1ConsumptionAE2ConsumptionAE3Consumption4.ConsumptionHFOAverageHFOMaxMin完成空白的填写5.Backround&Future(背景及未来)MARPOL73/78,AnnexVloutlinesinternationalrequirementsforvesselairemissionsandpollutionprevention.MARPOL73/78附则6概要描述了船舶气体排放和防污染的国际要求.Underthetermsoftheconvention,nationsmustrequireshipsoftheiradministrationandforeignshipsintheirwaterstocomplywiththeseinternationalairpollutionpreventionregulations.根据公约条款的要求,成员国必须要求所有进入他们水域和本国船遵守国际防大气污染规则UponentryintoforceofAnnexVItoMARPOLonthe19May2005,thesulphuroxide(SOx)emissionsfromshipsarecontrolledbysettingalimitof4.5%onthesulphurcontentofmarinefueloils.Further,alimitof1.5%onthesulphurcontentofmarinefueloilisapplyindesignatedSOxEmissionControlAreas(SECAs).根据2005年5月19日开始生效的MARPOL附则6,所有船用燃油的硫份最高为4.5%.在规定的硫氧化物排放控制区SECAs区使用的燃油硫份不得超过1.5%.SECAsIMOhascurrentlyagreedonthedesignationoftwoSECA’s,thefirstistheBalticSeaandthesecondtheNorthSeawithEnglishChannel.ItisexpectedthatfurtherSECA’swillbedesignatedandIMOhassetforthcertaincriteriafordesignatingsuchSECA’s.目前IMO同意已就指定两个SECAs达成共识.第一个是波罗的海区域,第二个是北海包括英吉利海峡.可以预期将来IMO将指定更多的这样的SECAs区并已设立确定的目标.ECA(EmissionControlArea)ECAmeanstouniteSulphurEmissionControlAreas(SECA)withincorporationofNOxemissionasrequirements.SofarEmissionControlAreameansanareawheretheadoptionofspecialmandatorymeasuresforemissionsfromshipsisrequiredtoprevent,reduceandcontrolairpollutionfromSOx,NOx,andparticulatematteranditsattendantadverseimpactsonhumanhealthandtheenvironment.EmissionControlAreasincludesthoselistedin,ordesignatedunderregulationsMARPOLANNEXVIReg.13and14.ECA是硫化物的排放控制区(SECA)和氮氧化物的排放控制的结合.ECA进一步表示采取特殊的强制措施防止,减少和控制SOx,NOx,颗粒物和由含有这些元素的物质对人类健康和环境有害的大气污染物的排放.NOxAsapartoftherevisionofMARPOLAnnexVI,IMOcountriesagreedtosetstricterlimitsforNOxfromshipstoo.MEPCofIMOagreedin57thmeetingthatintheECAs,NOxreductionfrom17g/kWhto14.4g/kWhismandatoryforenginesconstructedafter2011.After2016onlymaxof3.4gkWh-1isallowedfornewships.ThispracticallymakescatalyticconverterscompulsoryforshipssailinginNOxECAareas,providedthatlowsulphurfuelcanbeproducedatsufficientquantities.ItisnoteworthythatIMOalsorequiresmodificationofoldenginesbuiltin1990-2000,sothattheyconformtoexistingNOxlimitsof17gkWh-1.作为MARPOL附则6的修订版的一部分,IMO成员国同意设定更严格的船舶氮氧化物排放控制.IMO海洋环境保护委员会在57次会议上达成协议在ECAs2011年以后建成的船用柴油机氮氧化物的排放从降低到14.4g/KWh.2016年以后的新船,降低到最大3.4g/KWh.这实际上是强制要求能为航行在NOxECA控制区的船舶生产足够的低硫油.值得注意的是,IMO同时对于1990-2000之间生产的柴油机提出了改进要求以满足现行的17g/KWh的氮氧化物的排放要求.RevisedMARPOLAnnexVITheBalticSeaandtheNorthSeawillbecomeECA'suponentryintoforceoftherevisedMARPOLAnnexVI.TheMEPCagreedthattwosessionsofMEPCwouldberequiredtocompletethenecessaryrevisionstotheCode.Subsequentlyitwasagreedtorevisetheentryintoforcedateto1July2010.Globallimitsreducedto3.50%fromthe1stJanuary2012.Globallimitreducedto0.50%from1stJanuary2020,subjecttoa2018review.Globallimitreducedto0.50%bythe1stJanuary2025.Sulphurcontentinfueloilsreducedto1.00%withinanEmissionControlArea(ECA)fromthe1stJuly2010.ECASulphurcontentlimitsreducedto0.10%fromthe1stJanuary2015.ThoseshipsusingseparatefuelandenteringorleavinganECAshallcarryawrittenprocedureshowinghowthefueloilchange-overistobedone,allowingsufficienttimeforthefueloilservicesystemtobefullyflushedofallfueloilsexceedingtheapplicablesulphurcontentpriorentryintoECA.Thevolumeoflowsulphurfueloilsineachtankaswellasthedate,time,andpositionoftheshipwhenanyfuel-oil-change-overoperationiscompletedpriortotheentryintoanECAorcommencedafterexitfromsuchanarea,shallberecorded.当MARPOL附则6修订版生效时,波罗的海和北海区域将成为ECA’s.海洋环境保护委员会已同意第二次会议上将完成相关的必要修正.2010年7月1日评估生效的可能性.2012年1月1日开始,全球允许最高含硫量为3.5%;2018年将进行评估,如果当时燃油的生产技术能力能提供0.5%的低硫油,则从2020年1月1日起全球允许最高含硫量为0.5%;如果不行,则推迟到2025年1月1日;.自2010年7月1日起,ECA控制区,燃油硫份减至最高1.00%;自2015年1月1日起,ECA控制区,燃油硫份减至最高0.10%;对于进入和离开ECA的船舶,必须携带纸质燃油转换程序,说明在进入ECA前,必须提前足够的时间转换,确保燃油系统中的燃油完全符合ECA的要求.在进入ECA前燃油转换完成时或离开ECA后燃油转换开始时每个油舱中的低硫油,和日期,时间船位必须要记录.SECAAreas-BalticSea-NorthSeaEastof5West–EnglishChannelEastof4West–NorthSeaSouthof62North57.44.08North–BalticSeaSummary-EUandotherrequirements20071stJanuaryCARBMax0.5%sulphurwithin24milesofCaliforniashore11thAugustEUNorthSeaandEnglishChannelSECAentersintoforce22ndNovIMONorthSeaandEnglishChannelSECAentersintoforce20081stJanuaryEUMax0.1%sulphurformarinegasoils20101stJanuaryEUMax0.1%sulphurbunkerfuelinuseatEUberthsEUMax0.1%sulphurinallEUinlandwaterwaysCARBMax0.1%sulphurwithin24milesofCaliforniashore20121stJanuaryEUMax0.1%sulphurbunkerfuelinusebyGreekferriesatGreekports6.Change-overproceduresChange-overbetweenheavyfueloilgradesisstandardpracticeandsoischangeoverfromheavyfueloiltomarinedieseloilinconnectionwithe.g.dry-dockings.Change-overfromheavyfueloiltomarinegasoilishowevercompletelydifferentandclearlynotcommonstandard.Ifgasoili