人教版高中英语必修三Unit1词汇学习.

Unit1FestivalsaroundtheworldPeriod1Wordsandexpressions【learningaims】1.Gettoknowandmasterkeywords,expressionsandsentencesinordertoimproveyourabilityofunderstandingandmemorizing.2.Self-studyandcooperativelyresearch.Learnthewaysofanalyzingandconcludingandusethem.3.Takeanactivepartinthestudycourseandexperiencethejoyofstudying.【自主探究】一、核心单词1.satisfyvt满足；使满意Yourreplydidn’tsatisfyme.你的答复我不满意。辨析:satisfied某人“感到满意”；satisfying和satisfactory某事物是“令人满意的”运用：(1)Shespendsalargesumofmoneybuyingclothesjusttosatisfyherownvanity.她花了大笔钱买衣服就是为了满足自己的虚荣心。(2)Weweresatisfiedtogetatimelyanswer.得到及时的答复我们感到满意。(3)Heissatisfiedwithhisownprogress.他对自己的进步感到满意。(4)Youranswerisfarfromsatisfactory.你的答复远不能使人满意。2.gather与collect均可表示“收集”，但collect有区别挑选之意，表示收藏某类物品时多用此词，gather则强调将散乱的东西集中起来。指“聚集”时两者同义。1）OneofTony’shobbiesiscollectingrarebirds.2）Cloudsgatheredbeforeathunderstormcame.3.award（1）n.奖品；奖金，指因为作出杰出成就而受奖win/get/receiveanawardforsth.（2）vt.“授与”、“颁发”、“判给”awardsb.sth.=awardsth.tosb.授予某人某物beawardedsth.for(sth.)rewardn.“赏金”、“酬金”或一些非金钱的报酬inreward运用:1).TheyawardedJohnthefirstprizeinthecontest.2).Isthathowyourewardmeformyhelp?4.admirevt钦佩；赞赏；羡慕admiresb.forsth.因某事钦佩某人1).Iadmireyourcourageandwisdom.我钦佩你的勇气和慧。2).Iadmirehimforhisdiligence.我钦佩他的勤奋精神。5.permissionn.[u]许可；允许permitvt.准许；许可；允许permitn.许可（证）；执照搭配：asksb.forpermission征求某人的许可with/without(one’s)permission得到允许/未经允许permitsb.todosth.允许某人做某事permitdoingsth允许做某事1).Theyenteredtheareawithoutpermission.(未经允许).2).Theprisonauthoritiespermitvisitingonlyonceamonth.3).WehavearrangedtoplaytennisonSaturday,weatherpermitting.6.apologise(=apologize)vi道歉；认错搭配：(1)apologizetosb.for(doing)sth.因(做)某事向某人道歉.(3)make/offeranapologytosb.for(doing)sth.因(做)某事向某人表示道歉(4)accept(refuse)anapology接受（拒绝）道歉运用：(1)他因让女朋友等了好长时间而向她道歉。Heapologizedtohisgirlfriendforhavingkeptherwaitingforalongtime.(2)请接受我诚意的(sincere)道歉。Pleaseacceptmysincereapology.7.forgive(forgave,forgiven)vt.宽恕(=excuse/pardon)forgivesb.(for)sth.搭配：1)forgivehimhismistakes/rudeness/crimes原谅他的错误/无礼/罪行；2)forgivesbfordoingsth或forwhatclause.3)有时可作为及物动词运用：(1)Forgivemefor(my)comingsolate.原谅我来得这么晚。(2)Heforgaveherforwhatshehadsaidtohim.他原谅她对他说过的那些话。(3)Myadviceisthatit’sbesttoforgiveandforget.我的意见是最好宽大为怀，不念旧恶。二、重要词组1.takeplacevi.发生;举行inthefirstplace首先,第一点inthelastplace最后inone’splace处于某人的位置,为某人设身处地想一想inplace放在原来的位置;适当的outofplace不在合适的位置；不适当的inplaceof(replace)代替,用……而不用……takeone’splace找某人接替某人的位置(=taketheplaceofsb.)辨析:takeplace/happen/occur/comeabout/breakout辨析:takeplace,happen,occur,breakout,comeabout1)takeplace相当于不及物动词,没有被动语态,指事先计划或预想到的事情的发生。我们学校的运动会将于下周三举行。OurschoolsportsmeetingisgoingtotakeplacenextWednessday.2)happen也是不及物动词,没有被动语态,指一切客观事物或情况的偶然或未能预见的发生,可以和to连用或接that引导的从句。他碰巧没有读过那部小说。Hehappenednottohavereadthenovel.3)occur为不及物动词,意为“发生;出现”,既可指某事偶然发生,也指某事按计划发生,所指的时间和事件比较准确。当以具体事物作主语,并且是某事偶然发生时,可与happen互换。许多事故是发生在家里的。Manyaccidentsoccurinthehouse.Itoccurstosb.that…某人突然想起某事4)breakout仅用于负面场合,常用于灾难,战争,疾病之类事情的突然发生,同样也不用于被动句中。发生了大火/战争爆发了。Afire/warbrokeout.5)comeabout属于中性词组,既可用于表达正面事情的发生,又可用于表达负面事情的发生。多指事情已经发生，但还不知道为什么。常用于疑问句和否定句，多与how连用。你能告诉我事故是怎样发生的吗？Canyoutellmehowtheaccidentcameabout？Greatchanges_____intheruralareasinthelasttwodecades.A.havetakenplaceB.tookplaceC.havebeentakenplaceD.arehappening解析:takeplace不能用于被动语态中,句中短语inthelasttwodecades可确定句子的时态为现在完成时。A2.turnupvi.&vt.1)Butshedidn’tturnup.1)来,出席(某活动),出现I’mveryhappyyouturnedupsoearly.2)把(收音机等)音量开大一些Turnuptheradioalittle,Icanscarcelyheartheprogram.turndown拒绝;关小turnoff关掉turnon打开turnout(tobe)结果是……turnto变成；转向；求助于3.dressup打扮；装饰dressupas…装扮成……，打扮成……dressoneself自己穿衣bedressedin穿着……(表示穿着的状态)Theydressedupforthewedding.他们为参加婚礼而盛装打扮。辨析：dress“给某人穿衣”后接人(sb./oneself)做宾语Thegirlistooyoungtodressherself.haveon(=bewearing)“穿着”(不用进行时态)，Girlsliketohavereddresson.wear“穿着，戴着(衣物，饰物)”，指结果或状态，Sheworeanecklacetoday.puton“穿上(衣物)”，指动作，Heputonhisclothesinahurryandwentout.4.Shesaidshewouldbethereatseveno’clock,andhethoughtshewouldkeepherword.keepone’sword意为“守信用”,其反义词是breakone’sword,即“失信”。Heisamanwhoalwayskeepshisword.Don’tbreakyourword,otherwise,noonewilltrustyou.注意:keepone’sword和breakone’sword中的名词word不能用复数形式。ina\oneword/inshort/tobeshort简言之;总之wordn.1)promise保证,承诺IgiveyoumywordthatIwillkeepitasecret.Healwayskeepshisword;heisamanofhisword.2)词,单词What’stheEnglishwordforthis?3)speech/conversation谈话交谈haveawordwithsb.与某人谈话havewordswithsb.与某人发生口角haveaword/havewordswithsb.我想和你谈一下。I’dliketohaveawordwithyou.4)消息;Wordcamethat…有消息传来说运用1).Hisscorewasonly53.Inotherwords,hefailedintheexam.2).CouldIhaveawordwithyou,MissJones?3).Inaword,Ithinkhe’safool.4).You’llfindthatsheisagirlwhoalwayskeeps/breaksherword.5.holdone’sbreath屏住呼吸Theartworldwillbeholdingitsbreathtoseehowmuchthesepaintingssellforatauction.整个艺术界都在屏住呼吸等待着看这些画能拍卖(auction)到什么价钱。搭配：(1)holdback退缩，踌躇；抑制；阻碍；隐瞒(2)holdon(打电话时)等着，别挂断；继续下去(3)holdonto抓紧，坚持(4)holdout维持，抵抗，有可能(5)(be)outof/shortofbreath呼吸急促；喘不过气来；上气不接下气(6)takeadeepbreath做个深呼吸6.inmemoryof纪念memorizevt.纪念Theybuiltthistowerinmemoryofthishero.他们建该塔来纪念这位英雄。联想：(1)inpraiseof赞扬,(2)inhonourof纪念，对...表示敬意(3)