中药英语

Thechinesemeteriamedica《shennong’sHerbalClassic》Authenticmedicinalmaterials地道药材（activeingvedients有效成分curativeeffects治疗效果）炮制Preparation目的aims：Higheffectslowtoxicityconvenience制药方法Methods：1.Purification（修制）2.Preparationwithwater3.Preparationwithfire4.Preparationwithwaterandfire（水火共制）DrugProperties：药性Fournatures：coldhotwarmcool寒热温凉Fiveflavors：pungentsweetsourbittersalty辛甘酸苦咸Warmandhotdrugs’effects：温热药一般功效1.温经通络：warmingandclearingthechannels2.温里散寒：warmingtheinteriortodispersecold3.补火助阳：supplementingfiretosupportYang4.温阳利水：warmingYangtoinduce（引导）diuresis(多尿)5.回阳救逆：recuperating(恢复)depleted(空虚)Yangtorescue(救)patientsfromcollapse(崩溃)Coldandcooldrugs:寒凉药一般功效1.清热泻火：clearingheattopurgefire2.凉血解毒：removingheatfrombloodtoeliminatetoxicity3.清热润肠：purgingheattorelaxthebowels4.利水通痢：inducingdiuresistotreatstranguria5.去心肝火：removingheatfromtheheartandliver用药原则：totreatcoldsyndromewithhotandtotreatheatsyndromewithcolddrugs相须synergism相使assisting相畏相杀restraint相恶antagonism相反increasingtoxicity禁忌症contraindications适用症indications药性不同煎药方法各异：1.先煎tobedecoctedahead(mineralsandshell矿物贝类)2.后下tobedecoctedlater（peppermint薄荷）3.包煎tobewrappedfordecoction(talc云母plantainseed车前草inulaflower菊花)4.另煎tobedecoctedalone（ginseng人参americanginseng西洋参rhinoceroshorn犀牛角）5.开水送服tobetakenfollowinginfusionwithwarmboiled-water（cinnaar朱砂）6.烊化tobemelted(donkey-hidegelation驴皮胶)服用方法：methodsoftakingFordecoction,generallyonedoseisdecoctedandtaketowtimeseachday每日一剂一剂两次药水liquidmedicine贴剂patch药膏ointment膏药plaster止痛药pain-killer滴剂drop[自汗：spontaneousperspiration盗汗：nightsweating]第一章解表药：Drugsforrelievingexteriorsyndromes此类药多味辛（pungentinflavour）质轻(lightinquality)入肺经和体表（actingonlungchannelsandthesuperficiesofthebody）味辛能够驱散(dispersion)质轻能够生发(liftingandfloating)Thistypeofdrugscanexpel(驱走)pathogenicfactorsfromthesuperficiesorrelieve(消除)exteriorsyndromesbydiaphoresis(发汗)第一节辛温解表药：Drugspungentinflavourandwarminnatureforrelievingexteriorsyndromes主要功效（maineffects）：Dispersingpathogenicwind-cold(发散风热)主要症状（symptoms）：aversiontocold(恶寒)anhidrosis(无汗)fever,headache,tastelesstonguewithwhitefur(苔白无味觉)第一味麻黄药性(Properties)：pungentandslightlybitterinflavour(味辛微苦)warminnature(性温)actingonthelungandurinarybladderchannels(入肺、膀胱经)功效(Effects)：inducingsweatingtodispelexopathogens(发汗解表)facilitatingthecirculationoflung-Qitorelieveasthma(宣肺平喘)inducingdiuresistoremoveedema(利水消肿)第二味桂枝功效：inducingsweatingtodispelexopathogens(发汗解表)warmingthechannelstoclearobstruction(温经通脉)reinforcingYangtopromoteQiflow(助阳化气)第三味白芷：（治头痛之要药）功效：expellingwindanddispelexopathogens(祛风解表)clearingpassage(通鼻窍)relievingpain(止痛)removingdampnessandarrestingleukorrhea(燥湿止带)eliminatingswellinganddrainingpus(消肿排脓)第四味生姜：功效：inducingsweatingtodispelexopathogens(发汗解表)warmingthemiddleJiaotoarrestvomiting(温中止呕)warmingthelungtorelievecough(温肺止咳)荆芥：inducingsweatingtodispelexopathogens(发汗解表)dispersingpathogenicwindandarrestingbleeding(祛风止血)防风：dispersingpathogenicwindanddispelexopathogens(祛风解表)relievingpainandspasm(止痛止痉)第二节辛凉解表药：Drugspungentinflavourandcoolinnatureforrelievingexteriorsyndromes多用于治疗wind-heattypeofexteriorsyndromes(风热表证)[麻疹（germenmeasles）风疹（measles）]第一味薄荷：药性：pungentinflavour(味辛)coolinnature(性凉)actsonthelungandliverchannels(入肺肝经)功效：dispersingwind-heat(疏散风热)easingsorethroatandpromotingeruption(利咽透疹)Soothingtheliverandalleviatingmentaldepression(疏肝解郁)第二味柴胡：（治寒热往来之要药）功效：dispelexopathogenstoclearheat(解表退热)Soothingtheliverandalleviatingmentaldepression(疏肝解郁)elevatingYangandQi(开举阳气)第三味菊花：功效：dispersingwind-heat(疏散风热)purgingheatfromtheliverandimprvingeyesight(清肝明目)clearingheatandremovingtoxins(清热解毒)第二章清热药：Heat-ClearingDrugs主要功效：Themaiorfunctionsofthesedrugsincludeclearingheatandpurgingfire(intenseheat).（清热去火）tocoolthebloodDetoxicating..(凉血解读)Resolvingswellingandheatsyndromes（消肿去热）duetodeficiency（虚）.主治内热(interiorheat-syndromes):excessiveheatintheQiandtheblood,interiorheatofZangandFu,feverduetoYindeficiency,dysentery(痢疾)andcarbuncle(疮痈).第一节清热泻火药Heat-ClearingandFire-purgingDrugs功效：clearawaytheexcessive(过度的)heatintheQiandpurgethelung-andstomach-fire第一味石膏（性寒质重非实热者不宜）药性：pungentandsweetinflavour,coldinnature,actsonthelungandstomachchannelsItisoneoftheimportantdrugsfortreatingthesyndromesofexcessiveheatintheQisysstem,coghandasthma(喘)causedbyintenseheatandexcessofstomachfire.功效：Clearingawayheatandfire(清热解火)relievingrestlessnessandthirst(除烦止渴)promotingtheregenerationofthetissueandwoundhealing(促进组织再生伤口愈合)第二味知母功效：Clearingawayheatandfire,nourishingtheYinandmoisturizing(湿润)dryness(滋阴润燥)第三味芦根功效：cleearingheat,promotingtheproductionofbodyfluid(清热生津)relievingrestlessnessandarrestingvomiting(除烦止呕)第四味天花粉功效：clearingheat,promotingtheproductionofbodyfluid(清热生津)subduingswellingsanddrainingpus(消肿排脓)第五味栀子功效：purgingfireandrelievingdysphoria(泻火除烦)coolingbloodanddetoxication(凉血解毒)clearingheatandpromotingdiuresis(清热利湿)第六味夏枯草功效：clearingupliver-heatandpurgingfire(清肝泻火)subduingswellingandresolvinghardlumps(消肿散结)第七味决明子功效:removingintensiveheatfromtheliverandimprovingvision(清肝明目)moisturizingintestineandeazingthebowels(润肠通便)第二节清热燥湿药Heat-ClearingandDampness-DryingDrugs功效：toclearheatandremoveda