九年级中考英语复习名词学案

名词考点讲解和训练【考点直击】1．可数名词和不可数名词的用法；2．名词所有格的构成及用法；3．近义名词的辨析。【历年考点归纳】名词是英语中一种重要的实词,同时也是每年中考英语试题考查的一个热点｡(备选项下面划横线的为正确答案)一､对可数名词与不可数名词的考查1.Howmany________arethereintheinternationalvillage?A.ChineseB.RussianC.American(汕头市)2.Therestaurantissopopularhere.Look,therearesomany________here.A.foodB.dishC.peopleD.waiter(徐州市)3.—CanIhelpyou?—I’dlike________formytwindaughters.A.twopairofshoesB.twopairsofshoeC.twopairofshoeD.twopairsofshoes(滨州市)4.MrsJennygivesus________onhowtolearnEnglishwell.A.someadvicesB.manyadvicesC.someadviceD.anadvice(天津市)5.—Arethereany________onthefarm?—Yes,therearesome.A.horseB.duckC.chickenD.sheep(吉林省)[考点归纳]这类试题要求考生区分可数名词与不可数名词以及修饰可数名词与不可数名词的常用词语,并掌握将可数名词由单数形式变为复数形式的基本方法,还要熟记dear,sheep,Chinese,Japanese等单复数形式相同的名词,以及一些不规则名词的单复数形式,如manmen,womanwomen,childchildren,policemanpolicemen,mousemice,footfeet,toothteeth,stomachstomachs等｡二､对名词所有格的考查1.Thecomputeronthedeskis________.A.twinsB.thetwin’sC.thetwinsD.thetwins’(孝感市)2.MrsBlackisafriendof________.A.Mary’smother’sB.Mary’smotherC.mother’sofMaryD.Marymother’s(资阳市)3.Itisover________fromShijiazhuangtoBeijing.A.threehours’driveB.threehour’sdriveC.threehours’drivesD.threehoursdrive(河北省)4.TodayisSeptember10th.Itis________Day.A.TeachersB.Teachers’C.theteachers’D.Teacher’s(常德市)5.—Doyouknowthewomanoverthere?—Yes.She’s________aunt.A.LilyandLucyB.Lily’sandLucy’sC.Lily’sandLucyD.LilyandLucy’s(济南市)6.Afterplayingfootballformorethanhalfanhour,thestudentstook________rest.A.afewminute’sB.afewminutes’C.alittleminute’sD.alittleminutes’(天津市)[考点归纳]这类试题主要考查名词所有格的构成及其用法｡名词的所有格一般在词尾加“‘s”,这种形式的所有格主要用于有生命的名词以及表示时间､距离等名词的后面｡注意:如果名词本身以表示复数意义的s结尾,构成所有格时直接在词尾加上“‘”即可｡另外,注意“A’sandB’s”型名词短语所有格表示两者分别拥有某物,而“AandB’s”型名词短语所有格表示两者共同拥有某物｡三､对名词作定语的考查1.Therearethree________assistantsinthat________shop.A.women;shoeB.woman;shoeC.woman;shoesD.women;shoes(孝感市)2.—Wherearethe________?—Theyareplaying________footballontheplayground.A.boysstudents;theB.boystudents;theC.boystudents;×D.boystudent;×(乌鲁木齐市)3.Billsaidtheywouldhave________holiday.A.atwo-monthB.two-monthsC.two-monthesD.two-month’s(天津市)[考点归纳]一般情况下,名词作定语修饰主体名词时,常用单数形式;主体名词为复数形式时,作定语用的名词一般用单数形式,如boyfriends｡但以man,woman等名词作定语修饰主体名词时,若主体名词为复数形式,man和woman也要变为复数形式,如mendoctors｡由“基数词+连词符号+名词”或“基数词+连词符号+名词+连词符号+形容词”构成的复合词作定语修饰主体名词时,复合词中的名词只能用单数形式｡四､对易混名词的考查1.Atthefootofthehillyoucouldhearnothingbutthe________oftherunningwater.A.shoutB.noiseC.voiceD.sound(天津市)2.Bethhasabeautiful________.Listen!Sheissingingverywell.A.voiceB.lookC.soundD.smell(杭州市)3.—Whathappenedtoyouthismorning?—Theteacheraskedmeformy________whenIwaslateagain.A.meaningB.ideaC.excuseD.answer(武汉市)4.—Oh,thereisn’tenough________forusinthelift.—Nohurry.Let’swaitforthenext.A.floorB.groundC.roomD.place(黄冈市)5.TomregardsNanjingashissecond________becausehehasbeenhereforovertenyears.A.familyB.roomC.houseD.home(南京市)6.Footballisapopular________aroundtheworld.A.matchB.goalC.gameD.play(安徽省)7.Excuseme,waiter.We’releaving.Canyoubringmethe________,please?A.moneyB.noteC.billD.list(杭州市)[考点归纳]这类试题主要考查一些语义相近而极易混淆的名词｡考生在平时要注意积累､掌握一些常见易混名词的用法区别,如:family,home,room,house;problem,question;match,game;note,bill;door,gate,entrance等｡五､对名词所表示的相关意义的考查1.OnceuponatimeweChinesemadethefirstkite.Peopleusedkitestosend________tootherplaces,becausetheydidn’thavetelephones,computers,orevenradios.A.languagesB.newspapersC.messagesD.magazines(临沂市)2.Heilongjiangisinthe________ofChina.A.northeastB.northeasternC.northwestD.northwestern(天津市)3.LaoSheisthe________ofTeaHouse(茶馆).A.doctorB.actorC.scientistD.writer(陕西省)4.—Iwanttogotodifferentplaces,butIdon’tknowthe________.—Amapishelpful,Ithink.A.priceB.wayC.timeD.ticket(江西省)5.ThomasEdisonnevergaveup.Duringhislifetime,hehad1,093________.A.instructionsB.competitionsC.inventionsD.injections(盐城市)6.TheTV________onChannelFiveareaboutsports.A.experiencesB.performancesC.programsD.problems(天津市)7.—Pleasegivemea________whenyougettoBeijing.—Allright.I’lltellyoueverythingwhenIgetthere.A.newspaperB.ticketC.presentD.ring(宁波市)[考点归纳]这类试题常常涉及其他学科的知识和日常生活常识,主要考查考生的综合素质｡只要考生能读懂句意,把握语境,一般不难作出正确的选择｡六､对含有名词的固定短语的考查1.—Sorry,Jane.Itookyourschoolbagby________.—Itdoesn’tmatter.A.handB.mistakeC.bikeD.heart(盐城市)2.Brianissokindthatheoftengivesmea________whenI’mintrouble.A.replyB.seatC.handD.reason(安徽省)3.Therewillbemanykindsofshoes________thisSunday.I’llgoandbuyapairformydaughter.A.ondutyB.onshowC.onbusinessD.onwatch(南宁市)4.Weshouldhave________inourselvesandwewillmakeitifwehaveatry.A.successB.confidenceC.progressD.knowledge(大连市)[考点归纳]这类试题主要考查考生对一些含有名词的固定短语的构成和意义的掌握情况,这就要求考生在日常的学习中熟记一些固定短语的结构和意义,如:bymistake“错误地”;onshow“展览”;onbusiness“因公”;onduty“值班”;givesbahand“帮助某人”;haveconfidenceinoneself“相信自己”;afterawhile“过一会儿”;intheend“最后”;makeroomfor“给……腾出空间“;makefaces”做鬼脸“等｡【名师点睛】一、名词的数1．单数和复数可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。复数形式通常是在单数形式后加词尾“-s”构成，其主要变法如下：（1）一般情况在词尾加-s，例如：book→books，girl→girls，boy→boys，pen→pens,doctor→doctors,boy→boys。（2）以s，x，ch，sh，结尾的词加-es，例如：bus→buses，class→classes，box→boxes，watch→watches，brush→brushes。（3）以ce,se,ze,（d）ge结尾的名词加s，例如：orange—oranges。（4）以辅音母加y结尾的词变“y”为“i”再加-es,例如：city→cities,factory→factories,country→countries,family→families。但