风景区旅游设施景观影响评价方法研究

241Vol124No1120091JOURNALOFNATURALRESOURCESJan.,2009:2008-01-17;:2008-06-02:(2004DEA71160);(2005DE101638):(1968-),,,,GISRSE2mail:[e-mail]1,2,3,4,1,2(11,210042;2.,210042;31,450052;41,l1031):,,,,,,1/3,711,71,,:;;;:Q149:A:1000-3037(2009)01-0177-08,,[16],,,(VisualManagementSystem,VMS)[7](VisualResourcesManagement,VRM)[8],,,,,[9],[10],VMSVRM,[11,12],,,,178241,,,,,,,,,1998,20014A550m,,1200m,450m,(800m)(8005000m)(5000m),,2,,VMSVRM,,,11100001Fig11Techniqueflowoflandscapevisualimpactassessmentofthecableconstruction1:179SPOT211ARCINFO,,,,5,3,;,[11];,,,,212VMSVRMVMSVRM,,[12,13]:,3:A(),B(),C(),,(800m)(8005000m)(5000m),(1)(2)513;1416;1723VAC,;,VAC,,,(3)1Table1ThematrixofclassesofvisualqualityobjectivesABC180242Table2Theratingsystemofvisualabsorptioncapability/m/s0400+90m30451400800+30+90m103030452800160030m5102030316003200-90-30m35102043200-90m301053Table3Thematrixoflandscapevisualmanagementsystem33112Fig12Thevisibilityofcablelinefromsensitiveviewinglocations(50m)(50m),(2)160m,1313%;249m,2018%;252m,21%;529m,4411%;10m,018%1/3,312(1)600,(3),3225,7,,1:1813Fig13Thevisibilityofscenicareasandsurroundinglandscapefromthecableline1(2),77,,AB,C,7513,,7(3),,AB,C,(4),1,,,,A,B,C,,3131/3327,1,17,,4(1),,,(4)(2)182244Fig14Thealternativelocationsofthecableline,78910,,(5),,912%5(1),,,5Fig15Thedecreaseofhighvisibilityofthecablefacilitiesbydescendingthealtitudeofthecablefacilities(2)GIS,,,(3),,,(4),,,,(References):[1]FaludiA.ADecision2centeredViewofEnvironmentalPlanning[M].Oxford:PergamonPress,1987.1:183[2]McHargIanL.DesignwithNature[M].NewYork:JohnWiley&Sons,1992.[3]KaplanR.Theanalysisofperceptionviapreference:Astrategyforstudyinghowtheenvironmentisexperienced[J].Land2scapePlanning,1985,12(2):161-176.[4]SteinerF,YoungG,ZubeE.Ecologicalplanning:Retrospectandprospect[J].LandscapeJournal,1988,7(1):31-39.[5]ZubeEH.Themesinlandscapeassessmenttheory[J].LandscapeJournal,1984,3(2):104-110.[6]MagillAW,LittonRBJr.Acolormeasuringsystemforlandscapeassessment[J].LandscapeJournal,1980,5(1):45-54.[7]BaconWR.Thevisualmanagementsystemofforestservice,USDA[A].In:GElsner,RCSmardon.ProceedingsofOurNationalLandscape[C].USDAForestServiceGeneralTechnicalReportPSW-35.1979.[8]U.S.DepartmentoftheInterior2BureauofLandManagement.Visualresourcemanagement[EB/OL].[9].[J].,1991,10(2):3851.[YUKong2jian.Assessmentoflandscapesensitivityandimpactresistability:WithacasestudyofWangxiangyancanyoninSouthMt.Taihong.GeographicalResearch,1991,10(2):38-51.][10],,.[EB/OL].[YUKong2jian,LIDi2hua,DUANTie2wu.LandscapesecurityapproachinplanningofverysensitivesiteandGISapplication.][11],,,.[J].,2004,24(3):574582.[ZHANGHui,SHENWei2shou,JIANGLa2sha,etal.ApproachofevaluationonlandscapeprotectionalongtheQinghai2TibetRailway.ActaEcologicaSinica,2004,24(3):574-582.][12],,.[J].,2003,18(6):719724.[ZHANGHui,SHENWei2shou,ZOUChang2xin.StudyonlandscapevisualmanagementsystemofQinghai2TibetRailway.JournalofNaturalResources,2003,18(6):719-724.][13].[M].:,2005.4470.[MAOWen2yong.LandscapeIm2pactAssessmentofConstructionProjects.Beijing:ChinaEnvironmentalSciencePress,2005.44-70.]ApproachonLandscapeVisualImpactAssessmentofProjectFacilitiesinScenicAreasZHANGHui1,2,ZHANGHua3,WANGYan2song4,SHENWei2shou1,2(1.NanjingInstituteofEnvironmentalSciences,StateEnvironmentalProtectionAdministration,Nanjing210042,China;2.DesertificationResearchCenter,StateEnvironmentalProtectionAdministration,Nanjing210042,China;31DepartmentofArchitectureandTechnology,ZhengzhouInstituteofTechnology,Zhengzhou450052,China;4.LiaoningAcademyofEnvironmentalSciences,Shenyang110031,China)Abstract:Itisveryimportanttodeterminethelocationforbuildingprojectfacilitiesinscenicare2as.Oncetheprojectfacilitiesarelocatedinthevisualsensitivesites,itwillimposelong2termad2verseeffectonthescenicresources.Takingcableconstructionofatouristresortasanexample,withtheaidofgeographicinformationsystem,thevisibilityisanalyzedfromsensitiveviewinglo2cations,suchasmainscenicspots,recreationuseareas,travelingrouteswithinscenicareasandmainroadsoutsidescenicareas.Itisindicatedthatabout1/3ofthecablefacilitiesislocatedatthehighvisibilityfromsensitiveviewinglocations.Byanalyzingthevisibilityfromcableline,7scenicspots,recreationuseareas,YingheRivertravelingroutewithinTouristResortandone18424roadoutsideTouristResortcanbeseenfromcableline.UsingtheUSDAVisualManagementSys2tem(VMS)andUSBLMVisualResourcesManagement(VRM)toanalyzethevisualimpactofthecablefacilitiesonsensitiveviewinglocations,itisindicatedthatthecablefacilitieswillimposestrongimpacton7scenicspots,recreationuseareasandYingheRivertravelingroute.Theaboveanalysisrevealedthatthelocationofthecablefacilitiesisirrational,andalternativelocationsshouldbeconsideredortheplanofprojectfacilitiesshouldbeadjusted.Inordertoavoidthevisualimpactonscenicresourcesoftheprojectfacilitiesinscenicare2as,thecablelineshouldstayawayfrombeinglocatedathighvisibilityfromsensitiveviewingloca2tions.Onthebasisofvisibilityan