中小学英语语法辅导大全

英语语法辅导大全名词性从句之表语从句专项语法讲义一、概念：表语从句是在复合句中作表语的名词性从句。放在系动词之后,一般结构是“主语+系动词+表语从句”可以接表语从句的连系动词有be,look,remain,seem等Thetroubleisthatweareshortofmoney.ThatiswhystonewallsareusedinsteadoffencesaroundNewEnglandfields.Atthattime,itseemedasifIcouldn'tthinkoftherightwordanyhow.二、引导表语从句的词：从属连词that、whether、asthough、asifbecause连接代词who,what,which,whom,whose,whatever,whoever,whomever,whichever等；连接副词when,where,why,how,however,whenever,wherever等。1、由从属连词that，whether引导的表语从句。that在引导表语从句时无词义，而whether有词义，意为、“是否”。这时主句的主语常常是些抽象名词，如question(问题)，trouble(麻烦)，problem(问题)，result(结果)，chance(可能性)，suggestion(建议)，idea(想法)，reason(理由)等。表语从句对主句主语进行说明、解释，使主语的内容具体化。例如：Thetroubleis(that)shehaslosthismoney.Thequestioniswhetherweneedmoreicecream.Theproblemwasthatitwastoovaluableforeverydayuse.Whatshecouldn’tunderstandwasthatfewerandfewerstudentsshowedinterestinherlessons.2、由关系代词引导的表语从句。关系代词who,what,which,whom,whose,whatever,whoever,whomever,whichever等引导表语从句，在句中作主语、宾语、表语，关系代词不能省略。例如Thequestioniswhichofusshouldgo.Theproblemwaswhocoulddothework.That'swhatweshoulddo.3、由关系副词引导的表语从句。关系副词when,where,how,why除在句子起连接作用外，在从句中还充当时间，地点，方式或原因状语，本身具有词义。例如：Goandgetyourcoat.It'swhereyouleftit.Ihadneitheraraincoatnoranumbrella.That’swhyIgotwetthrough.Thatishowmiceruinmanystoresofgraineveryyear.Thatiswhatheisworriedabout.4、由连词because，asif/asthough等引导的表语从句。Itlookedasifitwasgoingtosnow.That'sbecauseweneverthoughtofit.Itseemsasifhedidn’tknowtheanswer.注意A.表语从句一定要用陈述语序。False:Thequestioniswhencanhearriveatthehotel.Right:Thequestioniswhenhecanarriveatthehotel.B.不可以用if，而用whether连接表语从句(asif例外）。False:Thequestionisiftheenemyismarchingtowardsus.Right:Thequestioniswhethertheenemyismarchingtowardsus.Right:Itlookedasifhehadunderstoodthisquestion.C.不像宾语从句，在有表语从句的复合句中，主句时态和从句时态可以不一致。Right:ThequestioniswhowilltravelwithmetoBeijingtomorrow.Right:Thequestioniswhyhecriedyesterday.D.that在表语从句中不可以省掉。Theproblemishowwecangetthethingsweneed.问题是我们怎样能弄到我们需要的东西。(how在表语从句中充当方式状语)ThescissorsarenotwhatIneed.(what在表语从句中充当宾语)WhatItoldhimwasthatIwouldfindhimagoodplay.(what在主语从句中作直接宾语，that作为表语从句的引导词在该表语从句中不充当句子成分，不能省略)ThatiswhatIwanttotellyou.(what在表语从句中充当直接宾语)Thatiswhyshefailedtopasstheexam.(why在表语从句中充当原因状语)【练习题】1.Thequestionis________wewillhaveoursportsmeetnextweek.A.thatB.ifC.whenD.whether2．Thereasonwhyhefailedis________hewastoocareless.A.becauseB.thatC.forD.becauseof3.Goandgetyourcoat.It’s________youleftitA.whereB.thereC.therewhereD.wherethere4．Theproblemis_________totaketheplaceofTedA.whocanwegetB.whatwecangetC.whowecangetD.thatwecanget5.WhatIwanttoknowis______helikesthegiftgivenbyus.A.thatB.ifC.whetherD.不填6.Thereasonis_________Imissedthebus.A.thatB.whenC.whyD.what7.Thatis_____wewerelatelasttime.A.thatB.whenC.whyD.what8.Shelooked_________sheweretenyearsyounger.A.thatB.likeC.asD.asthough9.—Ifellsick!--Ithinkitis_______youaredoingtoomuch.A.whyB.whenC.whatD.because10.Thereasonwhyhehasn’tcomeis___________.A.becausehismotherisillB.becauseofhismother’sbeingillC.thathismotherisillD.forhismotherisill11.—Hewasbornhere.--Thatis_______helikestheplacesomuch.A.thatB.whatC.whyD.how12.Thatis______LuXunoncelived.A.whatB.whereC.thatD.why13．_______yourfatherwantstoknowis________gettingonwithyourstudies.A.What;howareyouB.That；howyouareC.How；thatyouareD.What；howyouare14.Thetroubleis__________weareshortoftools.A.whatB.thatC.howD.whythat15.Americawas__________wasfirstcalled“India”byColumbus.A.whatB.whereC.theplaceD.therewhere16.Chinaisbecomingstrongerandstronger.Itisnolonger_________.A.whatitusedtobeB.whatitwasusedtobeingC.whatitusedtobeingD.whatitwasusedtobe17.________hereallymeansis________hedisagreeswithus.A.What…thatB.That…whatC.What…whatD.That…what18.Theenergyis________makesthecellsabletodotheirwork.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.such19—IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.—Isthat_____youhadafewdaysoff？A.whyB.whatC.whenD.where20.Ihadneitheraraincoatnoranumbrella____Igotwetthrough.A.It’sthereasonB.That’swhyC.There’swhyD.It’show名词性从句之宾语从句专项语法讲义一.宾语从句简介宾语从句是用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。他的构成是关联词+简单句。引导宾语从句的关联词有三类：(1)从属连词that。如：Hetoldusthathefeltill.Iknowhehasreturned.注：that在引导宾语从句时也并不是任何情况下都可以省略。在以下情况下，that不能省略。1.EverybodycouldseewhathappenedandthatTomwasfrightened.(and连接两个宾语从句，that宾语从句放在and的后面时，that不能省略。)2.Iknownothingabouthimexceptthatheisfromthesouth.(that引导的宾语从句作介词宾语时，that不能省略。)3.ThatheeversaidsuchathingIsimplydon’tbelieve.(that从句位于句首时，that不可省略。)4.Wedecided,inviewofhisspecialcircumstances,thatwewouldadmithimforaprobationaryperiod.(主句谓语动词与that从句之间有插入语，that不可省略。)(2)从属连词if/whether。如：Idoubtwhetherhewillsucceed.Idon’tknowifyoucanhelpme.(3)连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever连接副词where,when,how,why。如：Whoorwhathewas,Martinneverlearned.Iwonderwhathe’swritingtomeabout.I’lltellyouwhyIaskedyoutocome.(4)介词宾语从句宾语从句也可用作介词的宾语。如：HewasdeeplydispleasedbywhathadoccurredthatdayIwalkedovertowhereshesat.Iamcuriousastowhathewillsay.Yoursuccesswilllargelydependuponwhatyoudoandhowyoudoit.有时介词可以省略。如：Idon’tcare(for)whomarrieshim.Becareful(asto)howyoudothat.二．宾语从句用法：1.如果宾语从句后还有宾语补足语，则用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。如：WethoughtitstrangethatXiaoWangdidnotcomeyesterday.