中国人民大学研究生综合教程课后答案

Unit1WakingUpfromtheAmericanDreamStructureAnalysis•I.[P1-2]Manyworkersaretrappedinlow-incomeandoftendead-endjobsbecauseAmericancompaniesadoptWal-Mart-likestrategiestocontrollaborcosts.•II.[P3-6]ResearchshowsthatAmericaisnolongerahighlymobilesociety.•III.[P7-10]Today,upwardmobilityisdeterminedbyacollegedegreewhichisattainablemostlybythosefromwealthyfamilies,butoutofreachforthosefromlow-incomefamilies.•IV.[P11]MeasuresaretobetakentorestoreAmericanmobility.Unit1WakingUpfromtheAmericandream•AnswersKeyReadingcomprehension★1.A2.D3.D4.C5.A6.D7.C8.D9.A10.BVocabulary★A.1.C2.D3.A4.B5.D6.C7.C8.C9.D10.A★B.1.A2.B3.C4.A5.B6.D7.A8.D9.B10.CCloze★1.A2.B3.D4.A5.C6.A7.B8.C9.B10.DUnit1WakingUpfromtheAmericanDream•AnswersKeyTranslationA.TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoChinese.壳牌公司努力构建的管理风格是让雇员直接参与影响其工作的决策。在最终确立所在部门的工作目标之前，公司鼓励员工参与讨论这些目标。通过员工汇报制度，公司还鼓励员工参与制定来年的工作目标，认同其培训需求，励炼其志向，以便公司在制定专业培训计划时把这些也考虑在内。这种做法是该公司雇佣关系哲学的核心。集团公司相信这种做法对公司大有裨益，同时对雇员的合理期望也给予承认。Unit1WakingUpfromtheAmericanDream•AnswersKeyTranslationB.Translatethefollowingsentencesusingtheexpressionsinthebrackets.★1.Toourdelight,thatregionhasshakenoffpovertyandis(well)onthewaytowell-offsociety.★2.Overthepasttenyears,withjointeffortsthegraduateeducationhasfaredwellinourcountry.★3.Thegrowthrateoftheeconomyinthatcountryshotuptoanunbelievablelevel.Unit1WakingUpfromtheAmericanDream•AnswersKeyTranslationB.Translatethefollowingsentencesusingtheexpressionsinthebrackets.★4.Activitiessuchassummercampisoutofreachforthechildreninpoverty-strickenregions.★5.Shewaslesstheproductoftheenvironmentthanofherfamily.Fastreading★1.B2.B3.C4.B5.AUnit2MoveOver,BigBrotherStructureAnalysis•I.[P1-2]Lifewithoutprivacywillbeapossibility.•II.[P3-5]Modernadvancesoftechnologymakethedemocratizationofsurveillancepossible.•III.[P6-8]Thedisadvantagesofthespreadofsurveillancetechnology.•IV.[P9-14]Thebenefitsofthespreadofsurveillancetechnology.•V.[P15-16]Thesocialcompactofthespreadofsurveillancetechnology.•AnswersKeyReadingcomprehension★1.B2.C3.D4.A5.D6.B7.D8.B9.D10.CVocabulary★A.1.C2.A3.A4.D5.A6.B7.B8.A9.C10.D★B.1.A2.D3.C4.C5.D6.C7.A8.D9.D10.BCloze★1.C2.D3.B4.B5.B6.A7.C8.A9.D10.DUnit2MoveOver,BigBrotherUnit2MoveOver,BigBrother•AnswersKeyTranslationA.TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoChinese.人们已经越来越意识到计算机的某些应用对我们所谓的“个人隐私”这种抽象的价值观可能带来的影响。过去，冗繁的活字印刷技术抑制了人们搜集并保存其同伴的信息的欲望，因而限制了关于个人情况记载的数量。但现在许多人已表示担忧,由于计算机信息量大、准确率高、储存长久，它可能会成为监视系统的中心，使社会变成透明的世界，将家庭、财政收支、社交等暴露在各种各样漫不经心的观察者面前，这些人中有些是病态的好奇者，也有居心不良或刺探商业情报的人。Unit2MoveOver,BigBrother•AnswersKeyTranslationB.Translatethefollowingsentencesusingtheexpressionsinthebrackets.★1.Therewasalsogeneralconcernaboutthehealthofthecivilianpopulationandthelackofaccesstomedicaltreatmentforspecialgroups.★2.Globalizationhasbeenamixedblessingforhumanrightsaroundtheworld,underminingtheeconomicpowerofnationalgovernmentsbutstrengtheningasenseofworldcommunity.Unit2MoveOver,BigBrother•AnswersKeyTranslationB.Translatethefollowingsentencesusingtheexpressionsinthebrackets.★3.Themayorsentmeaninvitationinresponsetomyrequestforaninterview.★4.Asfor“Haveyoueaten?”,thissoundslikeaninvitationtodine!HowmanynaïveChinesehaveaskedAmericanfriends“Haveyoueaten?”andendeduphavingtobuythemameal!★5.Thereisthepossibilitythattheywouldstickittoyouwhentheyseethatyouareforeigners.Fastreading★1.C2.D3.A4.B5.CUnit3TheRiseoftheGreenBuilding•Para.1-Para.2Abriefintroductionof30St.MaryAxewhichservesasatypicalexampleforgreenbuildings.•Para.3-Para.5AintroductionofdifferentratingstandardssuchasBREEAMandLEEDwhichdeterminehowgreenabuildingis.•Para.6-Para.9Goodfeaturesforgreenbuildings.•Para.10-Para.13Ananalysisofwhygreenbuildingspaytobegreen.•Para.14-Para.16Waysfacilitatinggreenbuildingsbymeansofentirelynewdesign.StructureAnalysisAnswerkeysI.ReadingComprehensionI.VocabularyA.1.D2.B3.C4.A5.D6.B7.C8.A9.D10.A1.D2.A3.B4.B5.C6.A7.D8.C9.A10.BAnswerkeysII.VocabularyB.1-5CDACB6-10BDCDBIII.Cloze1.light2.power3.thanks4.thicker5.within6.mass7.glass8.led9.flexible10.typicallyAnswerkeysIV.TranslationA.长期以来，不破坏生态平衡的建筑设计被认为是无关紧要的。而最近，英国皇家建筑师学会提出的有利于生态环境的原则——规定一个建筑物的建设和使用都不应该消耗地球的资源——已开始影响主流建筑。由于矿物燃料的价格飞涨和对气候变化日益感到不安，越来越多的设计师开始考虑环境因素。这个议程正逐步地渗入重要的建筑师设计中，而大的建筑公司也正在注意到这个问题。Answerkeys全球变暖对主流建筑的习惯做法造成巨大的威胁。如果现在的趋势持续下去，目前建造的适应于欧洲北部凉爽气候的建筑物到2080年将需要空调持续运行，从而增加能耗费用并产生温室气体。所以建筑学家正争先恐后地设计模型吸收多余的热量，再加上结合已被验证的来自地中海地区的冷却方法，更好地利用自然通风，利用更多的遮光设施、百叶窗和庭院，采用更小的窗子来阻挡阳光进入。AnswerkeysB.1.ThechairmanofthecommitteeisexpectedtobebacknextThursday.2.InthecaseofJames,themanagerdecidedtopromotehimtothenextgrade.3.Thecandidate'sspeechrepresentedthemainstreamthinkingoneconomicpolicy.4.ForGod’ssake,Ididn'texpecttoseeyouhere.5.WhatisatstakehereisnotwhethertheUSgoesaloneornot,butwhethertheinternationalcommunityispreparedtotakenecessaryaction.AnswerkeysV.FastReading1.F2.F3.T4.F5.T6.T7.F8.T9.F10.FUnit6AtWhatCostBeautyStructureAnalysis•I.Para.1servesasanintroductionDifferentfromthepast,nowadaysmakeoverinvolveslotsofrisksandaprofessional,butthefactisignoredbythepublic.•II.Para.2-5dealwithproceduresperformedinnonhospitalsittings.•Para.2Fivepatientsdiedfollowingcosmeticplasticsurgeries