(机械毕业设计)MK1332数控外圆磨床工作台结构设计(

I摘要随着制造业的迅速发展，传统的加工设备已无法承担加工高精度、复杂型面零件的要求，数控机床良好的加工精度和数控系统可满足此要求。而国外的数控机床比较昂贵，其价格要比国内高50%~60%，结合市场调研和毕业设计的实际，进行磨床工作台结构设计。针对数控磨床工作台存在的爬行、颤振现象，进给滚珠丝杠刚性低问题，确定了采用滚珠丝杠带动工作台，滚珠丝杠和电动机之间采用同步齿形带联接，工作台导轨贴塑，从而改善了润滑条件，同时也起到减振作用，MK1332数控外圆磨床的爬行、颤振现象得到有效解决，提高了零件加工质量；丝杠采用两端固定支承，滚动轴承背靠背组配，刚性可提高一倍。位置检测装置采用高分辨率的脉冲编码器，通过半闭环控制测量工作台的直线位移。工作台型面采用平面形式，减少工作台的质量、转动惯量，使系统有更快的响应特性。本机床对提高加工质量和效率、缩短产品开发周期有积极的意义。关键词数控磨床工作台滚珠丝杠贴塑导轨IIAbstractAlongwiththerapiddevelopmentofthemanufacturingsector,thetraditionalprocessingequipmenthasbeenunabletoundertaketheprocessingprecision,complexpartsofthesurface,NCMachinegoodprecisionandCNCmachiningsystemscanmeetthisrequirement.AbroadCNCmachinetoolsmoreexpensivethandomesticpriceshigh50%~60%.combinemarketresearchandgraduateoftheactualdesign,structuraldesignworkstationsGrinder.CNCGrinderagainstthecrawlingstage,flutter,feedrigidlow-ballscrew,determinetheuseofballscrewdrivenworkstations,ballscrewandmotorusessynchronousbeltlinkGuidelaminatingworkstations,therebyimprovingthelubricationconditions,butalsoplayaroleindamping,MK1332CNCCylindricalGrindercrawl,flutterphenomenontobeaneffectivesolutiontoimprovethequalityofthepartsprocessing;Screwusingbothfixedsupports,Rollingback-up,rigidbedoubled.Positiondetectiondeviceusinghigh-resolutionpulseencoder,throughhalf-closedloopcontrolworkstationsmeasurementoflineardisplacement.Workstationsusingplanarsurfaceforms,reducingthequalityofworkstations,momentofinertia,allowingthesystemtohaveafasterresponse.Theprocessingmachinetoimprovequalityandefficiency,shortentheproductdevelopmentcyclehasapositivemeaning.KeywordsCNCGrinderWorktableBallScrewsLaminatingGuide目录摘要.............................................................................................IAbstract........................................................................................II第1章绪论..................................................................................11.1数控加工技术.........................................................................11.1.1数控机床的产生和发展....................................................21.1.2数控机床的发展趋势.......................................................21.2数控机床的优点.....................................................................41.2.1数控机床的优点.............................................................41.2.2数控机床加工零件的特点..............................................51.3设计参数和方案确定..............................................................61.3.1机床主要技术参数...........................................................61.3.2MK1332数控外圆磨床设计参数..........................................61.3.3MK1332数控外圆磨床加工产品的主要精度....................71.3.4设计方案的确定.............................................................7第2章数控机床的组成和分类.......................................................92.1数控机床的组成....................................................................92.2数控机床的分类....................................................................92.2.1按工艺用途分类...........................................................102.2.2按控制运动方式分类...................................................102.2.3按伺服系统的类型分类................................................112.2.4按照功能水平分类.......................................................11第3章进给系统设计....................................................................133.1工作台机构传动设计..........................................................133.2滚珠丝杠螺母副..................................................................143.2.1工作原理与特点...........................................................153.2.2滚珠丝杠螺母副的循环方式.........................................163.2.3滚珠丝杠副的轴向间隙消除和预加载荷.......................163.3滚珠丝杠副的精度..............................................................163.3.1滚珠丝杠当量动载荷的计算.........................................163.3.2滚珠丝杠的选取和极限转速的计算..............................193.3.3滚珠丝杠副效率计算...................................................223.3.4滚珠丝杠副刚度验算...................................................22第4章滚珠丝杠的支承..............................................................244.1轴端支承形式的选择............................................................244.1.1滚珠丝杠轴端支承形式的选择........................................244.1.2滚珠丝杠对轴承的要求..................................................254.1.3轴承的组配方式............................................................254.2轴承预紧力..........................................................................264.2.1轴承应适当的预紧，适当的预紧有助于提高轴承的工作能力.........................................................................................264.2.2预紧与发热....................................................................274.3滚珠丝杠的联接..................................................................304.3.1同步齿形带的计算.........................................................31第5章电动机的选择和惯量匹配计算.........................................375.1最大静态切削负载转矩的计算..............................................375.2惯量匹配计算.......................................................................385.3最大空载加速转矩的计算.....................................................415.4系统增益设计................................