4 遥感技术支持下的植被生产力与生物量研究进展

333(,510275),,,,,,,,Q948115A1000-4890(2004)04-0092-07Advancesintheestimationofvegetationproductivityandbiomasswiththeaidsofremotesensing.DAIXiaohua,YUShixiao(SchoolofLifeSciences,ZhongshanUniversity,Guangzhou510275,China).ChineseJournalofEcology,2004,23(4):9298.Therearemainlyfourtypesofmodelsforestimatingvegetationproductivityandbiomass,includingempirical,physical,semi2empiricalandintegratedmodels.Theapplicationofthesemodelsislimitedbyfactorssuchasatmosphere,background,geography,vegetationcoverandstructure.Therapiddevelopmentofremotesensingtechnique,especiallytheuseofthermalinfrared,microwave,laserre2motesensorsandthetechniquessuchasmulti2angle,hyperspectralandhighresolutionremotesens2ing,willbehelpfultoeliminateorreducetheeffectofthesefactors.Keywordsremotesensing,modeling,vegetation,productivity,biomass.3(021657)(00022415447)33:2002-10-20:2003-01-1513S(GISGPSRS),,[9],,,,,,,2,;;,,(i,i)(r,r),,01600170mVIS,0175113mNIR,(01660177m),(rededge),ChineseJournalofEcology2004,23(4):9298,,(VegetationIndices,VI),LAIAPAR(absorbedphotosyntheticallyactivera2diation,absorbedPAR)NPP,NDVI=(NIR-R)/(NIR+R),NIRRBRDF[20]:BRDF(i,i,r,r)=limi0r01DRF,i()i(),rr,ri(),DRF,,1/DRFBRDFBRDF:;;BRDFBRDF,,,,,3311,,,NDVINPPLAI,,NDVIfPAR(fractionalPARabsorbedbythegreenvegetationcanopy)PARAPAR(APAR=fPARPAR),NPP(NPP=APAR,)[24],LAI,,,,,312,,3D[18][21]Ri=f(ai,bi,ci,di,ei),ai,bi,ci,di,ei(ai,bi,ci,di,ei){Ri},BRDF;{Ri}{bi},g{bi}:{bi}=g(Ri,ai,ci,di,ei),,Myneni[22]fAPAR2NDVI:,,,;BRDF,,,,,,,,,Gong[12]Liang&Strahler,31339:,,,RossRoujeanVerstraeteWanner,,Hame[13],LandsatTM,AVHRR;(digitalnumber)LandsatAVHRR,Landsat,AVHRRLeroy[19]NOAA/AVHRR,RDVI,fAPAR(thefractionofabsorbedPAR,fPAR)fAPAR,314,,Prince[25]GLO2PEM:NPP=(T,te,ts,t3tfPARm,tSt)gm3t,t,te,ts,t3t,st,fPAR,t,gmNPPGLO2PEM,,,,NPP4411,,,,,,,,Boyd[10]MIR(310510m)VI3NDVI,,[9]412,,,,,PVI,NIRVIS,NIRVIS,LAI3,,BRDFR2NIR,,NDVI,,;413SAR,SARSPOTLand2satDEM414,,,NDVI,[26],492341152,,[9],Nemani[23]MIRKimes[16]LADBRDF,,;,VIS,,,NIR,,,,,,BRDF:,;415LAI,R,NIR,RNDVISRLAI,NIR,R,NIRSRNDVI,LAI,VIS,,LAI,,LAI(3),,LAI,NIR,,LAI,,,LAI68,NDVILAI3,7LAI(24),NDVI,,NDVIRNIR,,,NDVI,LAI,LAINDVI,Rees[26]5511R(01620176m)NIR(0176310m),RVI(NIR/R)NDVITVI,,,,,,,PVISAV2ITSAVIMSAVITWVIGEMIOSAVI,,RI,,,,ARVISLRATSARVIAVIIRVI,,0,,512ASTER013214m(314m)(),,,Kaufman[15]VI3Roy[29]NDVITs,Ts2VI,Boyd[11]59:Prince[25]AVHRR45,TVX(),GLO2PEMNPP[6],[5],,513SAR010011m,,,,,,,,SARLC,95%2kgm-2,SAR[4]Bergen[9]SIR2C/X2SARMichigan,ANPP(MIMICS)ANPP,Harrell[14]SIR2C/X2SARSAR,DEM[9],514013014m,013m,,PAR,,PARTOMS(TotalOzoneMappingSpectrometer),PAR[25]515,0124m,1000m,(Lidar),SLICER,,,(1m),,,()Vanderbilt[8]PAR516LandsatSPOT,POLDERMODIS/MISRDRF,,PARNPP,,AVHRR,,,,,LAD,1K[5]:,517,AVIRISMAISAIS,,,69234,,,,,,[3]LAI,[7]APARThenkabail[30]OMNBR(OptimumMultipleNarrowBandReflectivity)NDVITSAVINDVI()LAI,[1],,,518GIS,GISGISGIS,,,;DTM;,,,GPS;;GPSGISGIS,,,,Ricotta[28][27]NPP,Kimes[17]VEG,Gong[12]Liang&Strahler,[2]SIR2CERS216,,,,,,,,,,,GISGPS,![1],.1998.[J].,13(1):6269.[2],.1997.[J].,1(2):8487.[3],.1997.[J].,1(1):5057.[4],.1996.[J].,51(5):385397.[5],.2000.[J].,34(4):555560.[6],.1997.[J].,24(3):386390.[7],.1997.[J].,1(2):111114.[8]VanderbiltVC,etal.1984.79:[A].:(3)[C].:,7482.[9]BergenKM,etal.1999.Integrationofremotelysensedradarimageryinmodelingandmappingofforestbiomassandnetpri2maryproduction[J].Ecol.Mod.,122:257274.[10]BoydDS,etal.1999.TherelationshipbetweenthebiomassofCamerooniantropicalforestsandradiationreflectedinmiddlein2fraredwavelengths(310510m)[J].Int.J.RemoteSens.,20(5):10171023.[11]BoydDS,etal.1997.Potentialvegetationindicesfordetermin2ingglobalforestcover[J].Int.J.RemoteSens.,18(6):13951401.[12]GongP,etal.1995.Invertingacanopyreflectancemodelusinganartificialneuralnetwork[A].In:EngmanET,eds.RemoteSensingforAgriculture,Forestry,andNaturalResources[C].EuropeanOpticalSocietyandTheInternationalSocietyforOpti2calEngineering,Paris,France,September2328,312322.[13]HameT,etal.1997.Anewmethodologyfortheestimationofbiomassofconifer2dominatedborealforestusingNOAAAVHRRdata[J].Int.J.RemoteSens.,18(15):32113243.[14]HarrellPA.1997.Evaluationofapproachestoestimatingabove2groundbiomassinSouthernpineforestsusingSIR2Cdata[J].RemoteSens.Environ.,59:223233.[15]KaufmanYJ,etal.1994.Detectionofforestsusingmid2IRre2flectance:Anapplicationforaerosolstudies[J].IEEETrans.Geosci.RemoteSens.,32:672683.[16]KimesDS.1984.Modelingthedirectionalreflectancefromcom2pletehomogenousvegetationcanopieswithvariousleaf2orienta2tiondistributions[J].J.Opt.Soc.Amer.,A1:725737.[17]KimesDS,etal.1991.Aknowledge2basedexpertsystemforin2ferringvegetationcharacteristics[J].Int.J.RemoteSens.,12(10):19872020.[18]Kimes,DS,etal.1982.Radiativetransfermodelforheteroge2neous32Dscenes[J].Appl.Opt.,21:41194129.[19]LeroyM,etal.1994.Sunandviewanglecorrectiononre2flectancederivedfromNOAA/AVHRRdata[J].IEEETrans.Geosci.RemoteSens.,32:684697.[20]LiX,etal.1986.Geometric2opticalbidirectionalreflectancemodelingofaconiferforestcanopy[J].IEEETrans.Geosci.RemoteSens.,GE224:906919.[21]LiX,etal.1988.Modelingthegapprobabilityofdiscontinuousvegetationc