专业英语复习提纲

专业英语复习提纲一、术语：（1）BasicConceptsinMechanics力学基本概念P11.mechanics力学/statics静力学/dynamics动力学2.force力/matter物质/mass数量/inertia惯性/weight重力/particle支点3.rigidbody刚体/deformablebody变形体/elasticbody弹性体4.member零件/gear齿轮/shaft轴/pulley皮带轮/belt带/cam凸轮/follower从动件/journalbearing滑动轴承5.matingsurface配合；啮合表面/oilfilm油膜/metal-to-metalcontact直接接触/overheating过热/failure失效6.elastic弹性/plastic塑性/deformation变形7.interactingforce相互作用力/magnitude大小/sense方向/scalar标量/Vector矢量/displacement位移/velocity速度/acceleration加速度/moment力矩/momentum动量（2）SimpleStressandStrain简单的应力与应变P51.staticload静载荷2.sustainedload持续载荷3.impactload冲击载荷4.repeatedload重复载荷5.fatigueload疲劳载荷/alternatingload交变载荷6.vibration震动/dampingforce阻尼力7.axialload轴向载荷8.Stress应力/tensilestress拉伸应力/compressivestress压缩应力9.Tension拉伸/compression压缩10.strain应变/microstrain微应变11.cross-section横截面12.engineeringmaterials工程材料13.elasticlimit弹性极限14.modulusofelasticity/elasticmodulus弹性模量（4）OverviewofEngineeringMechanics机械工程的基本概况P121.functionalrequirement功能的需求2.durability耐用性/safety安全性/lifetime寿命/cost成本3.fastening/fastener紧固件4.fail/failure失效5.operatingcondition加工条件6.ideally理想的/idealize使理想/idealization理想7.strengthofmaterials材料力学8.static静止的；静态的/dynamicforce动力？9.approximate/approximation接近（6）ShaftDesign轴的设计P191.shearforce剪力图/bendingmomentdiagram弯矩图2.safestress安全应力？3.heattreatment热处理/quench淬火4.deflection偏转；变形；偏转角/torsionaldeflection扭转角5.machineryshaft机床主轴/transmissionshaft传动轴/crankshaft曲轴6.vibration振动/torsionalvibration扭转振动7.journalbearing径向轴承/self-aligningbearing调心轴承8.centerofmass质心9.centrifugalforce离心力10.deflectingforce偏转力11.amplitude振幅（7）FastenersandSprings连接件与弹簧P241.assembl装配/disassembly拆卸/subassembly组件；部件2.rivet铆接/weld焊接3.elasticdeflection弹性变形4.clutch离合器5.brake制动装置6.cam凸轮/follower从动件7.impact冲击/shocckload冲击载荷8.suspensionsystemspring悬挂系统/bumperspring减震弹簧9.steel钢/siliconbronze硅青铜/brass黄铜/berylliumcopper铜铝合金10.helicalcoilspring螺旋形盘簧/torsionbar扭力杆/leafspring弹簧片？11.wire金属丝12.cold-wound？/hard-drawn冷拔的？/oil-tempered油回火/hot-rolled热轧13.corrosionresistance抗腐蚀（8）BeltDrivesandChainDrives带传动与链传动P281.electricmotor电动马达2.torque扭矩3.flat平带/round圆带/V带/synchronousbelt同步带/pulley滑轮4.tensileforce张紧力5.slip滑6.castiron铸铁/steel钢/stainlesssteel不锈钢/bronze青铜7.evenlyspacedteeth等锯齿8.constantangularvelocityratio角速率9.chain链？/sprocket链/rollerchain滚子链/pin销10.beltdrive皮带传动/chaindrive链传动/positivedrive正传动（11）RollingBearing滚动轴承P421.rollerbearing滚动轴承/bearingelements轴承元件/innerring内圈/outerring外圈/separator保持架/ball/bearingraces轴承座圈2.radialbearing向心轴承/thrustbearing推力轴承/thrustballbearing推力球轴承/taperedrollerthrustbearing推力圆锥滚子轴承/deepgrooveballbearing深沟球轴承3.radialload径向载荷/axialload/thrustload轴向载荷4.stiffness刚度/deflection变形5.loadrating额定载荷/loadcapacity承载能力/staticload-carryingcapacity静态承载能力6.coolingarrangement冷却装置/sealingarrangement密封装置7.friction摩擦/wear磨损/frictionaldrag摩擦阻力8.massproduction/quantityproduction大批量生产9.through-hardened淬透/harden淬化10.metalfatigue金属疲劳11.fit/interferencefit过盈配合12.housing座孔/internalclearance内部间隙13.shoulder轴肩/radius半径/chamfer倒角；圆角/stressconcentration应力集中14.runningquality运行质量15.rollingelement滚动体/raceway轴承座圈16.lubricant润滑剂（14）BasicConceptsofMechanisms机构的基本概念P531.link构件/rigidlink刚性构件/linkage连杆机构/planarlinkage平面连杆机构/spatiallinkage空间连杆机构2.kinematics运动学/dynamics动力学/statics静力学3.frame机架4.degree-of-freedom自由度5.kinematicpair运动副/lowerandhigherpairs高副和低副6.kinematicchain运动链7.kinematicinversion机架变换8.engineblock发动机缸体/crankshaft曲轴/connectingrod连杆/piston活塞/（16）WearandLubrication磨损和润滑P611.operatingsurface工作表面2.adhesivewear粘着磨损/adhesion粘着/asperitycontact轮廓峰/tangentialforce切向力/shear剪切/interface接触面/strainhardening加工硬化/wearparticle磨粒3.abrasivewear磨料磨损/microchip细小的切屑/filing挫削/grinding磨削4.corrosivewear腐蚀磨损/electrochemicalreaction电化学反应5.fatiguewear疲劳磨损/cyclicloading交变载荷/alternatingload交变载荷/rollingcontact/spalling剥落/pitting点蚀/forgingdie锻模6.surfacetopography表面形貌7.running-inperiod磨合期/polishing抛光8.lubrication润滑/lubricant润滑剂9.thick-filmlubrication厚模润滑/thin-filmlubrication薄膜润滑/mixedlubrication混合润滑/boundarylubrication边界润滑10.fluidfilm流体膜/boundaryfilm边界膜/wedgeeffect楔效应/viscousfluid粘性流体/viscosity粘度（23）Lathes车床P901.lathes车床/enginelathes普通车床/bench-typelathes台式车床2.bed床身/headstock主轴箱/tailstock尾座/carriage溜板箱/leadscrew丝杠/feedrod光杠3.turning车外圆/facing车端面/boring镗孔/drilling钻孔/reaming铰孔4.setup安装？5.operation操作6.machinetool机床7.bed/backbone支撑主要部分/well-normalizedgraycastiron充分正火的灰铸铁/agedgraycastiron时效处理的灰铸铁/nodularcastiron有小圆块的灰铸铁/way导轨/surfacehardened表面淬硬的8.workpiece工件/work9.headstock主轴箱/hollowspindle空心主轴/transmissiongears变速齿轮/continuouslyvariablespeed无级变速/speed转速10.heavybearing重型轴承/preloadedtaperedrollerbearing预加载的圆锥滚子轴承/barstock棒料/feed进给11.tailstock尾座/lowercasting底板/uppercasting尾座体/tailstockquill尾座套筒/innerway内轨道12.size规格/swing最大回转直径/maximumdistancebetweencenters两顶尖之间的最大距离13.heavy-duty重型的14.compoundrest小刀架/built-incoolantcirculatingsystem内置冷却液循环系统15.quantityproduction批量生产（24）Drillingoperation钻孔P951.throughhole通孔/blindhole盲孔2.cuttingtool刀具/tool刀具/drill钻头/cuttingedge刀刃/flute容屑槽/margin刃带3.electrichanddrill/drillingmachine4.twistdrill麻花钻头/coredrill扩孔钻头/carbidetippeddrill硬质合金钻头5.twistdrill/body工作部分/