东川公路泥石流形成环境和致灾特点研究

1摘要公路作为一种重要的基础工程，连接着各个地区，在文化交流、经济发展、思想进步、民族团结等方面都起着重要的作用。近年来，西南部地区经济高速发展，人口流动量大，能源物质大量的输入输出，对各种交通运输工程的需求量特别大，公路在其中承担着重要的角色。西南部山区是我国公路泥石流的高发区，尤其是项目所在的东川地区，很多山体风化严重，岩层裸露，植被覆盖率低，松松破碎物质储量丰富，降雨集中，多暴雨，是孕育泥石流的天堂。区域内存在着数以百计的泥石流，其中不乏规模大、爆发频率高、危害性严重的泥石流，泥石流的存在对区域内的公路工程建设有着很大的影响。本论文依托国道G85昆明市功山至东川高速公路勘察设计项目开展研究，以边坡防护设计为目标，从研究泥石流入手。在公路设计阶段，结合公路工程线位和穿越方式，进行边坡防护设计和边坡防护技术比选，考虑项目区域内泥石流对公路工程的影响。关键词：公路，泥石流，边坡防护技术2AbstractHighwayasanimportantinfrastructure,connectedeveryregion,intheculturalexchangeandeconomicdevelopmentinsuchaspectsasideologicalprogress,nationalunityandplaysanimportantrole.Inrecentyears,southwesteconomyhighspeeddevelopment,thepopulationflow,energymaterial,alargenumberofinputandoutput,thedemandforallkindsoftransportationengineering,particularlylargehighwayanimportantroleinit.Southwestmountainousareaisahighincidencezoneofourcountryhighwaylandslide,especiallydongchuanregion,wheremanymountainweathering,barerock,vegetationcoveragerateislow,easilybrokenmaterialisabundant,rainfallconcentrated,moreheavyrain,istheparadiseofdebrisflow.Areathereareseveralhundredsoflandslides,includingsize,severeoutbreakofhighfrequencyandharmfulnessofdebrisflowanddebrisflowexistsintheregionofhighwayengineeringconstructionhasagreatinfluence.Workinkunming,inthispaper,basedonnationalhighwayG85mountaintodongchuanhighwaysurveyanddesignprojectofresearch,aimingatslopeprotectiondesign,fromtheperspectiveofthestudyofdebrisflow.Inthestageofhighwaydesign,combinedwithhighwayengineeringlineandthroughthisway,forslopeprotectiondesignandslopeprotectiontechnologycomparison,consideringtheinfluenceofdebrisflowtothehighwayengineeringprojectarea.KEYWORDS:highway,debrisflow,slopeprotectiontechnology3目录摘要................................................................................................................................11东川公路泥石流形成环境和致灾特点研究............................................................51.1东川公路泥石流形成的影响因素......................................................................51.1.1丰富的物源...................................................................................................51.1.2充足的水源...................................................................................................61.1.3地形地貌.......................................................................................................61.1.4人为因素.......................................................................................................71.2东川公路泥石流的致灾特点..............................................................................71.2.1常发性...........................................................................................................71.2.2突发性...........................................................................................................71.2.3群发性...........................................................................................................81.2.4同发性...........................................................................................................81.2.5转发性...........................................................................................................82公路边坡防护............................................................................................................92.1边坡防护技术......................................................................................................92.1.1边坡形态修正...............................................................................................92.1.2边坡排水.......................................................................................................92.1.3稳定支挡防护技术.....................................................................................102.1.4坡面加固技术.............................................................................................112.2泥石流地区公路边坡的破坏形式....................................................................122.2.1冲刷、冲蚀................................................................................................122.2.2淤埋............................................................................................................122.2.3主河堵塞、改道......................................................................................132.2.4滑坡............................................................................................................132.3东川项目中边坡防护技术应用研究...............................................................143边坡防治一体化的综合治理思路..........................................................................193.1综合防治一体化原则........................................................................................1943.1.1因地制宜.....................................................................................................193.1.2综合治理.....................................................................................................193.1.3经济、有效.................................................................................................203.2东川项目综合防治方案应用............................................................................203.2.1CK032+500~CK0