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当前位置:首页 > 商业/管理/HR > 管理学资料 > 《热质交换原理与设备》习题答案(第2章)
第二章1、答:单位时间通过垂直与传质方向上单位面积的物质的量称为传质通量。传质通量等于传质速度与浓度的乘积。以绝对速度表示的质量通量:,,AAABBBAABBmumumeueu以扩散速度表示的质量通量:(),(),AAABBBBABjuujuuujjj以主流速度表示的质量通量:1()()AAAABBAABeueeueuamme()BBABeuamm2、答:碳粒在燃烧过程中的反应式为22COCO,即为1摩尔的C与1摩尔的2O反应,生成1摩尔的2CO,所以2O与2CO通过碳粒表面边界界层的质扩散为等摩尔互扩散。3、从分子运动论的观点可知:D∽312pT两种气体A与B之间的分子扩散系数可用吉利兰提出的半经验公式估算:3241133435.71110()ABABTDpVV若在压强5001.01310,273PPaTK时各种气体在空气中的扩散系数0D,在其他P、T状态下的扩散系数可用该式计算32000PTDDPT(1)氧气和氮气:2233025.610/()32oVmkgkmol223331.110/()28NNVmkgkmol3425211523311435.72981032281.5410/1.013210(25.631.1)Dms(2)氨气和空气:51.013210PPa25273298TK501.013210PPa0273TK3221.0132980.2()0.228/1.0132273Dcms2-4、解:气体等摩尔互扩散问题124230.610(160005300)()0.0259/()8.3142981010AAADNPPkmolmsRTzm2sR0通用气体常数单位:J/kmol﹒K5、解:250C时空气的物性:351.185/,1.83510,kgmPas6242015.5310/,0.2210/msDms32420006640.2510/40.08Re2060515.531015.53100.620.2510ocPTDDmsPTudvvSD用式子(2-153)进行计算0.830.440.830.4440.0230.023206050.6270.9570.950.25100.0222/0.08mecmmshRSshDhmsd设传质速率为AG,则211220000()()()44ln4AAAmAsAAlAmAsAAsAmAsAdGddxhdudduddxhdulh2-6、解:20℃时的空气的物性:(注:状态不同,D需修正)353352244200505541.205/,1.8110,1.013102930.22100.2410/1.0132102730.0531.205Re99901.81101.81100.6261.2050.2410ockgmPasPTDDmsPTudvSD(1)用式0.830.440.023mecshRS计算mh0.830.4440.02399900.6260.24100.018750.05mmshDhd(2)用式13340.0395ecshRS计算mh134340.0395(9990)(0.626)0.24100.01621/0.05mshDhmsd2-7、错解:氨在水中的扩散系数921.2410/Dms,空气在标准状态下的物性为;353591.293/,1.7210,Pr0.708,1.00510/()1.721010727.741.2931.2410pckgmPascJkgkSD由热质交换类比律可得231PrmpchhcS223351Pr560.7087.0410/1.293100110727.74mpchmshcS1)(第3版P25)用水吸收氨的过程,气相中的NH3(组分A)通过不扩散的空气(组分B),扩散至气液相界面,然后溶于水中,所以D为NH3在空气中的扩散。2)刘易斯关系式只对空气——水系统成立,本题为氨——空气系统,计算时类比关系不能简化。3)定压比热的单位是J/kgK正解:组分A为NH3,组分B为空气,空气在0℃时物性参数查附录3-1)2-2P36(/102.0708.0Pr664.0102.01028.132446表查smDDSc231PrmpchhcShmsmScchhpm/10161/98.44708.0664.0005.1293.156Pr33/23/28、解:325100.04036/8314(27325)iCOPCkmolmRT22NCOCC222220.5NNCONCOCxxCC322544101.776/8314298COiCOMPkgmRT322528101.13/8314298NiNMPkgmRT22220.611COCOCONa20.389Na2-11、解;12()aVAAaVAADAGNACCz21212()lnaVLrrArr1)柱形:LdVrrrrLAav2121241,ln)(2球形:32134,4dVrrAav2)d=100mm为内径,所以r1=50,r2=52若为球形Aav=0.033,质量损失速率为1.46×10-12kg/s;压力损失速率3.48×10-2Pa/s2-12、解:9812310(0.020.005)()1.510/()110AAADNCCkmolmsz1)jA为A的质量扩散通量,kg/m2s;JA为A的摩尔扩散通量kmol/m2s;2)题中氢氦分子量不同2-13、解:氨---空气4250000.210/,1.01310,273,350,OaDmsPPTKTKPP3322442003500.2100.2910/273ODPTDmsPT氢—空气420.51110/ODms3322442003500.511100.74210/273ODPTDmsPT2-14溶解度s需先转化成摩尔浓度:34311/105.103.0105mkmolsPCAAskmolCCZDAANGAAavavAA/1025.20105.101.05310104921skgMGMAAA/1005.4181025.29102-15、解、3221212()20.5100.12420lnln19.5aVLrrAmrr3111602320/AACsPkmolm3221600.116/AACsPkomlm1161231.8100.124()(32016)1.357100.510aVAAADAGCCz/komls质量损失661.3571022.71410/AGkgs16、解:02225CONC和在时,扩散系数420.16710/Dms33121013.6109.86664AAaPPP(100-50)511121.67106664()48.810/83142981AAAADPPGNAkomlsRTz18、解、该扩散为组分通过停滞组分的扩散过程(),0AAAABBAAAAdGNDxNNNdrdGNDxNdr,AAAAPPCxRTPAAAAdPPDNNRTdrP整理得()AAAdPDPNRTPPdr24AArGNAr24()AAAGdPDPrRTPPdr分离变量,并积分得0024ASAArPAGRTdPdrDPrPP得4lnASAPPDPrGRTP
本文标题:《热质交换原理与设备》习题答案(第2章)
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