专业英语复习题库

专业应试题库一，专业词汇翻译Asphericalsystemofcoordinates球面坐标系Absolutescale绝对温标Absolutetemperature绝对温度Absolutezero绝对零度Acuteangle锐角Adiabaticprocess绝热过程Adjacent相邻Amountofheat热量Amplitude振幅Analyticalexpression解析解Angularmomentum角动量Angularvelocity角速度Annihilate消减毁灭Appreciable可度量Approximatesolution近似解Arbitrarily任意地Assumethat假设Atconstantpressure定压比热Atrest静止Axialsymmetry轴对称性Axisofrotation转轴Beindependentof不依靠独立Beproportionalto成比例Bend弯曲Capacitor电容器Centerofmass质心Centripetalforce向心力Cgs物理单位制Changeinjumps跃迁Chaotic混沌Chargebyconduct负责的行为Chargebyinduction感应电荷Circulationmotion循环运动Classicalmechanics经典力学Coefficient系数Coherent连贯Combustionengine内燃机Comparison对比Compensate补偿Conductor导体Consecutive结果ConsequentlyConservation保存Considerable相当大的Constant常量Constructiveinterference相长干涉Coordinatesystem坐标系Coulomb’slaw库仑定律Counter-phaseCross-sectional横截面Curl旋度Curvilinearmotion曲线运动Cyclicprocess循环过程Decrement衰减Denominator分母Density密度Derivative导数Destructiveinterference相消干涉Developing发展中的显影发展Deviationfrom脱离，逸出Diatomic双原子的Difference差异Diffraction衍射Dimension尺寸Discretevalue离散值Displacement位移Distance路程Distributionfunction分布函数Divergence散度Dynamics动力学Elasticcollision弹性撞击Electricdipole电偶极子Electricfield电场Electricpotential电势Electricpotentialenergy电势能Electricallypolarized电极化的Electrodynamics电动力学Electromagnetic电磁场Electron电子Electrostatic静电的Elementarymass微元质量Embodiment体现具体化Emulsion]乳状液；感光乳剂Energy能量Energylevel能级Entropy熵Equilibrium平衡EquipartitionprincipleEther以太Exposure曝光Externalforce外力Factor系数Firstlawofthermodynamics热力学第一定律Focalplane焦点平面Fraunhoferdiffraction夫琅和费衍射Freefall自由下落Friction摩擦力Gammaphoton伽马射线Generaltheoryrelativity摩尔热气体的能力Geometrical几何的Gradient梯度Gravity重力Growproportionallyto成正比Harmonicfunction调和函数Harmonicoscillator谐振子Heat热量Heatcapacity热容量Heatengine热机Heattransfer热传递Hence因此；今后Histogram柱状图Hologram全息摄影Holography全息摄影Homogeneous均质单一性的Huygens’Principle惠更斯原理Hypotheticalmedium假设介质Idealgass理想气体Identical完全相同恒等Illuminate照明照亮Impart给予传授Impulse脉冲Inalienable不可分割的Incidentlight入射光Inclination倾角Incoherent不连贯的Increase增加Increment增量增额定期增加Inertia惯性Inertialreferenceframe惯性参考系Infraredradiation红外线Initialmoment初力矩Instantaneous瞬时的Insulator绝缘体Integral积分Interference干涉Internalenergy内能Internalforce内力Intra-molecularenergy分子内能量Isotropic各向同性Kinematics动力学Lawofcosinelaw余弦定律定律Lengthcontraction长度收缩Macroscopic宏观的Mass质量Mass-energyconversion质量能量转换Meandistance平均距离Mechanicalequivalentofheat热功当量Mechanics力学Medium介质Microscopic微观的Molarheatgascapacity摩尔热气体的能力Mole摩尔Molecularphysics分子物理学Momentum动量Monatomic单原子的Monochromaticlight单色光Motion运动Multiply正片叠底Neutron中子Newton’sfirstlaw牛顿第一定律Non-equilibriumstate非平衡状态Normalacceleration法向加速度Normalto垂直于Nuclei核Nucleon核子Numerator分子Objectbeam物体光束Obtuseangle钝角Operator运算符Overlap重叠Polarization极化Parallelaxistheorem平行移轴定理Parallelbeams平行光束Parallelrays平行光线Parallelogrammethod平行四边形法Parameterofstate态变数Perfectlyrigidbody完全刚体Perpendicular正交Phasedifference相位差Phenomena现象Piston活塞Pointcharge点电荷Pointparticle质点Power功率Preference偏好偏爱优先Principleofrelativity相对性原理Probability概率Probabilitydistributionfunction概率分布函数Projection投影Propagate传导Proton质子Pseudoscopic反立体像Quantitativeconclusion定量的结论Quasi-static准静态Radian弧度Radius半径Rarefaction稀薄Realimage实像Rectilinearmotion直线运动Redistribution重新分配Referenceframe参考坐标系Referencewave参考波Relativeatomicmassofanelement一个元素的相对原子质量Relativemolecularmassofsubstance相对分子质量的物质Relaxationprocess弛豫过程Relaxationtime弛缓时间Reversible(process)可逆的Rotationalinertia标量Scalar标量Scalarfield标量场Semiconductor集成电路半导体器件电子Semitransparent半透明的Solidangle立体角Spatialcoherence空间相干性Specialtheoryofrelativity狭义相对论Specificheatcapacity比热容Speed速率Stationary静止Subscript下标Superpose叠加Superposition叠加迭加重叠Symmetry对称性Temperature温度Temporalcoherence时间相干性Terminalvelocity末速Testcharge检验电荷Thedifferenceonopticalpath在光路的区别Theequationofstateofanidealgass一个理想的盖斯的状态方程Themagnitudeofavector一个向量的大小Thenumberofdegreeoffreedom自由度的数量Thereciprocalof倒数Therefractiveindex折射率Theright-handscrewrule右手螺旋定则Thesecondderivativeof二阶导数的Thesquareofdistance距离的平方Thetangentialacceleration切向加速度Thermodynamictemperaturescale热力学温标Threedimensional三维的Timeaveragedvalue时间平均价值Timedilation时间膨胀Timepiece计时器Torque力矩Torsionbalance扭称Translationmotion平移Triatomic三原子的Tuningfork音叉Twinparadox双生子佯谬Ultravioletlight紫外线UndeformablebodyUniformcircularmotion匀速圆周运动Unittime单位时间Vectorfield向量场Vectors向量Velocity速度Virtualimage虚像Wavelength波长Wavenumber波数Weight重量二、段落翻译翻译('54)1、Forastationaryfield,theworkdoneonaparticlebytheforcesofthefieldmaydependontheinitialandfinalpositionoftheparticleandnotdependonthepathalongwhichtheparticlemoved.Forceshavingsuchapropertyarecalledconservative.2、Acombinationofbodiesthatarestationaryrelativetooneanotherwithrespecttowhichmotionisbeingconsideredanatimepieceindicatingthetimeformsareferenceframe.3、Theconceptsofanequilibrium,stateandareversibleprocessplayagreatpartinthermodynamics.Allthequantitativeconclusionsofthermodynamicsarestrictlyapplicable(适用)onlytoequilibriumstatesandreversibleprocesses.4、Ifagasisinequilibrium,itsmoleculesmoveabsolutelywithoutorder,chaotically.Allthedirectionsofmotionareequallyprobable,andnoneofthemcanbegivenpreferenceoverothers.5、Huygens’principle:Thetheoryby