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123121.2100172.2100313.210007、、、、、。、、、。、、、。S23-0A1003-188X201710-0256-070《》10200435.7%201562%1。、。2-3。11.112002-20154。12002-2015Fig.1Thechangesofagriculturalmechanizationlevelofcropcultivationfrom2002to201512016-08-312016YFD07011031988-E-mailwhatwhat521@126.com。1962-E-mailluzx@njau.edu.cn。20046%2009。。1.21·652·20171010DOI:10.13427/j.cnki.njyi.2017.10.05320125。12012Table1Agriculturalmechanizationofmaincropsin2012/%89.56%74.99%66.10%64.49%51.40%42.18%32.17%31.60%、、、、、。、。1.322012、、5。2、、、、、、、、、、。31.67%7.93%。1.4970%440%22%。32014、2013。3、、、90%6。22012、、Fig.2Themaincropscultivatedlandsowingharvestingmechanizationrateof201232014Fig.3Agriculturalmechanizationlevelsinsomeprovincesof201422.1201310.39kW5271792.2127.88。2009438.5834.55·752·20171010。2、。14.74kW78.7%21.2%68.4%。2、Table2ComparisonoftractoramountinChinaandtheUnitedStates2012//%2007//%2282.5100.0476.0100.014.74kW1797.278.729.4kW150.431.614.7~58.8kW434.419.029.4~73.5kW214.745.158.8kW50.82.273.5kW110.923.3320125。3、、8。7-8、、、。32012Table3TheamountofagriculturalmachineryinChinaof2012//·khm2-1104.5543.312.013.4755.0618.1723.36.670.911.8911.1924.331.652.363.977.622.2、。JohnDeere、NewHolland、AGCO、、、。20809092090。、。2.31949-1980、1980-2004、2004-310-11、、。12-13。2004、。。2.3.1114。2。《》、200470002015237.55。、·852·201710105。3。。、15。16。2.3.2。。。。2.3.3“、”。、、。2004。2.42080、、17。2013“”。201364616.84hm213516.34hm220.27。201287.71173.33hm2。13.35hm26.67hm210076.8%。20131779、621.05hm23491hm218。20073.73hm2220.5。86.4%169.16hm22537.38121.87hm21828.0919。。2.5201227032.2519.96%。201082.61%20。。3。、、、、、、、。。3.1。21。。。1。。、、、、、·952·20171010、、、、。2。、。22-23。。、、、。3。。、、、、、、24。4。。。。3.2。、、。3.2.1、。、、、、。3.2.2、。、。。3.2.3、。、、。。3.2.4。3.3。25。3.3.1。。·062·20171010207026。3.3.2、、。。。3.43.4.1。3①②③。①②。3.4.2。。30%。207027。3.4.3、、。、。、、。。、、、GPS。4、、。、、、。1.J.20053612167-170.2.D.2014.3.D.2000.4.GA-BPJ.201638875-79.5.M.2014.6.J.2011366210-216.7.D.2011.8.J.2003214-15.9.J.2012368119-123.10.D.2011.11.D.2005.12.1950-1960D.2007.13.D.·162·201710102013.14.J.2010324195-198.15.、J.20113381-5.16.D.2011.17.D.2014.18.J.20131036-39.19CensusBureauU.S.DepartmentofCommerce.StatisticalAbstractoftheUnitedStatesM.NewYorkBooksEx-pressPublishing2012.20.M.2012-2014.21.M.2003.22.J.200523-6.23.J.200666-9.24.J.20074164-167.25.J.2005134-37.26.J.20094181-182.27.J.20133510213-217.ResearchofthePresentSituationandDevelopmentModelofChinaAgriculturalMechanizationBaiXuefeng1LuZhixiong2ChangJiangxue3QiSuohong1LiuYiguan21.JiangsuAgriculturalMachineryTestingStationNanjing210017China2.NanjingAgriculturalUniversityCollegeofEngineeringNanjing210031China3.JiangsuVocationalInstituteofCommerceNanjing210007ChinaAbstractThepresentsituationsofagriculturalmechanizationofthemaincropsinChinawereanalyzedthroughcompre-hensiveagriculturalmechanizationlevelmechanizationlevelofmaincropsmechanizationlevelofeachoperationlinkandcomprehensiveagriculturalmechanizationlevelofeachprovince.Itwaspointedoutthattheimperfectsystemthelowagriculturalmachinerymaintainbackwardagriculturalmachinerytechnologylowfarmlandlarge-scalemanagementlevellowqualityofpeasantproblemwerethemainproblemsofChinaagriculturalmechanization.Newdevelopmentmodelwasresearchedbasedoncoordinationbetweenfarmerslandmachineryandpolicy.Itwaspointedoutthatthemoderatelandintensivewouldbethetrendofagriculturalthecultivationofnewtypeofprofessionalfarmerswouldbethebasicadvancedagriculturalmachinerywouldbethekeyandpolicyguidancewouldbeanimportantdrivingforceforthedevelopmentofagriculturalmechanization.Therequirementsofsupportpolicyprofessionalfarmerfarmlandlarge-scalemanagementintelligentagriculturalmachinerywereputforwardandconstructivecommentswerecarriedout.Keywordsagriculturalmechanizationpresentsituationdevelopmentmodel·262·20171010
本文标题:中国农业机械化现状与发展模式研究
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