合成生物学在环境污染生物治理上的应用

王呈玉1,胡耀辉21.吉林农业大学资源与环境学院,长春130118;2.吉林农业大学食品工程学院,长春130118:合成生物学是生物科学的一个新兴分支学科世界上第一个人造生命的诞生,使人工合成生命这一合成生物学的终极目标取得了历史性突破,显示了合成生物学的可行性和应用性,在药物和疫苗生产可再生能源生物传感器和环境污染的生物治理等领域具有极其广阔的应用前景文中概述了合成生物学产生的历史背景定义主要研究内容研究进展应用前景及其在环境污染生物治理上的应用:人造生命;合成生物学;环境污染;生物治理:X172:A:10005684(2010)05053305InspirationDerivedfromEmergenceofManMadeLife:ApplicationofSyntheticBiologyonMicroorganicManagementofEnvironmentalPollutionWANGChengyu1,HUYaohui21.CollegeofResourcesandEnvironment,JilinAgriculturalUniversity,Changchun130118,China;2.CollegeofFoodEngineering,JilinAgriculturalUniversity,Changchun130118,ChinaAbstract:Syntheticbiologyisanewlyemergingsubdisciplineofbiologicalscience.Theemergenceofthefirstmanmadelifeintheworldmadetheultimateaimofsyntheticbiologygainahistoricbreakthrough.Itshowsitsfeasibilityandapplicability,andhasanextremelyextensiveapplicationperspectiveonagreatmanydomains,includingdrugandvaccineproduction,renewableenergyresources,biosensor,microorganicmanagementofenvironmentalpollution,andsoon.Inthisarticle,theemergingbackground,definition,maininvestigativecontent,currentsituation,applicationperspectiveofsyntheticbiologyarereviewedanditsapplicationonmicroorganicmanagementofenvironmentalpollutionisexplored.Keywords:manmadelife;syntheticbiology;environmentalpollution;microorganicmanagement2010520,!!∀Science#,[1],,,,,,,,,[2]:(200905):,,,:20100710:20100820吉林农业大学学报2010,32(5):533~[e-mail]121,,,,,[3]111990,DNA,,,,21[4]2:;,[5]12,,,,[6],,,[7],,,,,134:2,,,,,,,,,,,[8],[9]∀Nature#20002,,22:12,1;,21,2,2[10]Keasling,,∃∃∃,[11]2008,Keasling∃∃∃,534吉林农业大学学报2010年9月JournalofJilinAgriculturalUniversity2010,Sep.,,,,2002Wimmer[12],2003X174[13],2008[14],2010,,[1],,,,2003,3200BioBrick,,2,,2004∀#(Syntheticbiology),Hobom19802000Kool,,2000∀Nature#2,2002Wimmer[12],2003X174[13],2004620058,2005Cellincon,2007Keasling2006,,,,,2008,Smith[14]20105,Mycoplasmacapricolum,[1],,[15]3,,,(),,,,[2],,,,,535王呈玉等:合成生物学在环境污染生物治理上的应用吉林农业大学学报JournalofJilinAgriculturalUniversity[2],,,,,4,,,,,,41,,,,,,,,DNA,DNA,,,DNA,,2040,DNA,,,,,,42,,,,,,,,Chakrabarty4,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,536吉林农业大学学报2010年9月JournalofJilinAgriculturalUniversity2010,Sep.5,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,:[1]DanielG,GibsonJohnI,GlassJ,CraigVenter,etal.Creationofabacterialcellcontrolledbyachemicallysynthesizedgenome[J].Science,2010,329(598):5256.[2].:[EB/OL](20100609)[20100710].[3]FoxkidsChuan.[EB/OL].(20100521)[20100710].[4].[J].,2008(2):6569.[5]Etcgroup.ExtremeGeneticEngineering:AnIntroductiontoSyntheticBiology[EB/OL].(20070116)[20100710].[6]McDanielR,WeissR.Advancesinsyntheticbiology:onthepathfromprototypestoapplication[J].CurrOpinBiotechnol,2005,16(4):476483.[7]StahlerP,BeierM,GaoX,etal.Anothersideofgenomics:syntheticbiologyasameansfortheexploitationofwholegenomesequenceinformation[J].JBiotechnol,2006,124(1):206212.[8]KanehisaM.PostgenomeInformatics[M].Oxford:OxfordUnivPress,2000:1021.[9]EricL,Haseltine,FrancesHArnold.SyntheticGeneCircuits:DesignwithDirectedEvolution[J].AnnuRevBiophysBiomolStruct,2007,36:119.[10]GardnerTS,CantorCR,CollinsJJ.ConstructionofgenetictoggleswitchinE.coli[J].Nature,2000,403:229342.[11]MartinVJJ,PiteraDJ,KeaslingJD,etal.EngineeringamevalonatepathwayinE.coliforproductionofterpenoids[J].NatBiotechnol,2003,(21):796802.[12]CelloJ,PaulAV,WimmerE.ChemicalsynthesisofpolioviruscDNA:generationofinfectiousvirusintheabsenceofnaturaltemplate[J].Science,2002,297:10161018.[13]SmithHO,HutchisonCA,VenterJC,etal.Generatingasyntheticgenomebywholegenomeassembly:X174bacteriophagefromsyntheticoligonucleotides[J].PNAS,2003,100:1544015445.[14]GibsonDG,BendersGA,SmithHO,etal.Completechemicalsynthesis,assembly,andcloningofaMycoplasmagenitaliumgenome[J].Science,2007,317:632638.[15].∃∃∃[EB/OL].(20100111)[20100710].http:%cmbi.bjmu.edu.cn/news/report/2010/syth.html.537王呈玉等:合成生物学在环境污染生物治理上的应用吉林农业大学学报JournalofJilinAgriculturalUniversity