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SystemofSystems翻译Cedar供稿妙手偶得之,SystemofSystems译为“散系”。一、英文解释以下斜体字是在wiki搜索SystemofSystems的结果。Systemofsystemsisacollectionoftask-orientedordedicatedsystemsthatpooltheirresourcesandcapabilitiestogethertocreateanew,morecomplexsystemwhichoffersmorefunctionalityandperformancethansimplythesumoftheconstituentsystems.Currently,systemsofsystemsisacriticalresearchdisciplineforwhichframesofreference,thoughtprocesses,quantitativeanalysis,tools,anddesignmethodsareincomplete.[1][1]Popper,S.,Bankes,S.,Callaway,R.,andDeLaurentis,D.,System-of-SystemsSymposium:ReportonaSummerConversation,July21–22,2004,PotomacInstituteforPolicyStudies,Arlington,VA.翻译成中文,大意是说:SystemofSystems是面向任务(或以任务为导向)的多系统的集合,这些系统通过共享资源与能力,创建一个新的更复杂的系统,与多系统的简单加和相比,具有更强大的功能和性能。SystemofSystems有明确的定义,单个英文词语的含义也十分明了,可要翻译成信达雅的中文,就不那么简单了。据不完全检索,相对应的中译文有:综合系统、系统的系统、系统之系统、复杂系统、系统体系、体系等等。其中,系统的系统、系统之系统,这两个译文是直译,区别不大,用古文“之”字意图增添雅致。综合系统、复杂系统、系统体系、体系这几个译文都试图表达SystemofSystems的内涵,包含了以下英文解释的一个或若干个方面。1.LinkingsystemsintojointsystemofsystemsallowsfortheinteroperabilityandsynergismofCommand,Control,Computers,Communications,andInformation(C4I)andIntelligence,SurveillanceandReconnaissance(ISR)Systems:descriptioninthefieldofinformationsuperiorityinmodernmilitary.2.Systemofsystemsarelarge-scaleconcurrentanddistributedsystemsthecomponentsofwhicharecomplexsystemsthemselves:descriptioninthefieldofcommunicatingstructuresandinformationsystemsinprivateenterprise.3.Systemofsystemseducationinvolvestheintegrationofsystemsintosystemofsystemsthatultimatelycontributetoevolutionofthesocialinfrastructure:descriptioninthefieldofeducationofengineersontheimportanceofsystemsandtheirintegration.4.Systemofsystemsintegrationisamethodtopursuedevelopment,integration,interoperability,andoptimizationofsystemstoenhanceperformanceinfuturebattlefieldscenarios:descriptioninthefieldofinformationintensivesystemsintegrationinthemilitary.5.Modernsystemsthatcomprisesystemofsystemsproblemsarenotmonolithic,rathertheyhavefivecommoncharacteristics:operationalindependenceoftheindividualsystems,managerialindependenceofthesystems,geographicaldistribution,emergentbehaviorandevolutionarydevelopment:descriptioninthefieldofevolutionaryacquisitionofcomplexadaptivesystemsinthemilitary.6.Enterprisesystemsofsystemsengineeringisfocusedoncouplingtraditionalsystemsengineeringactivitieswithenterpriseactivitiesofstrategicplanningandinvestmentanalysis:descriptioninthefieldofinformationintensivesystemsinprivateenterprise.7.Systemofsystemsproblemsareacollectionoftrans-domainnetworksofheterogeneoussystemsthatarelikelytoexhibitoperationalandmanagerialindependence,geographicaldistribution,andemergentandevolutionarybehaviorsthatwouldnotbeapparentifthesystemsandtheirinteractionsaremodeledseparately:descriptioninthefieldofNationalTransportationSystem,IntegratedMilitaryandSpaceExploration.但对照SystemofSystems的固有特征,不足之处一目了然。二、固有特征参见Wiki,判定一个SystemofSystems的五个特征是:1)OperationalIndependenceofElements(要素自主运行)2)ManagerialIndependenceofElements(要素自主管理)3)EvolutionaryDevelopment(演进发展)4)EmergentBehavior(涌现行为)5)GeographicalDistributionofElements(要素地理分布)综合系统,中文含义符合特征5),其它特征缺失或部分缺失。系统体系、体系,中文含义符合特征1)3)5),其它特征缺失或部分缺失。复杂系统,中文含义符合这五个特征,但在英文中,复杂系统与SystemofSystems还是有差别的,原文如下:Systemsofsystemstypicallyexhibitthebehaviorsofcomplexsystems.Butnotallcomplexproblemsfallintherealmofsystemsofsystems.猴年马月前,灵光一现,将SystemofSystems翻译为“散系”!三、形散而神不散散系一词,系字表达了关联、联结、系统、系列的意思。散系一词,散字表达了SystemofSystems的判定特征,即五散:1)分散运行:OperationalIndependenceofElements(要素自主运行)2)分散管理:ManagerialIndependenceofElements(要素自主管理)3)时间线分散:EvolutionaryDevelopment(演进发展)4)结构层分散:EmergentBehavior(涌现行为)5)分散部署:GeographicalDistributionofElements(要素地理分布)散系一词,对照中文的体系,明确了根本差异,不是有机整体,也不是一体化,而是面向任务的分散系统集合。散系一词,对照中文的散文,表达了SystemofSystems的内涵,形散而神不散。从这点看,散系译文有神韵,是为雅。最后,跟踪一下这个概念在美军的最新进展。2015年9月,美军发布了《AirForceFutureOperatingConcept——AVIEWOFTHEAIRFORCEIN2035》,其核心思想:敏捷行动(OperationalAgility)所依托的物理系统就是散系。2016年1月15日星期五
本文标题:SystemofSystems翻译
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