Unit3Addition

Unit3AdditionHuangYingSchoolofForeignStudies,CUMTWhyaddwordsintranslation?WeaddwordsinEnglish-Chinesetranslationinordertomakethetargetedversionmorefaithfultotheoriginalone,whennecessary.Wecanaddverbs,adjectives,adverbs,nouns,etc.I.AddingverbsIntheevening,afterthebanquets,theconcertsandthetabletennisexhibitions,hewouldworkonthedraftingofthefinalcommuniqué.Hedismissedthemeetingwithoutaclosingspeech.晚上在参加宴会、出席音乐会、观看乒乓球表演之后，他还得起草最后公报。他没有致闭幕词就就宣布结束会议。II.AddingadjectivesHedoubtlesslyexpectedhugs,tablefulsoffood,tears,laughter,andconversationfollowedbymoreconversation,thenhugsandmorehugsalloveragain,withoutend.Theskyisclearbluenow.Thesunhasflungdiamondsdownonthemeadowandthebankandthewoods.毫无疑问，他以为会有热烈的拥抱，满桌的食物，激动的泪水，欢乐的笑声，一段接一段的谈话，一次又一次的拥抱，没完没了。此时已是万里蓝天，太阳把颗颗光彩夺目的钻石洒向草原，洒向河岸，洒向树林。III.AddingadverbsThecrowdsmeltedaway.Ashesatdownandbegantalking,wordspouredout.Inthefilmsofthosedays,alltoooftenitwasthesameone:boytractordriversmeetsgirltractordrivers;theyfallinloveanddrivetractortogether.人群渐渐散开了。他一坐下来就讲开了，滔滔不绝地讲个没完。在那时候的电影里，总是老一套：男拖拉机手和女拖拉机手始而相遇，继而相爱，终而并肩开拖拉机了。IV.AddingnounsTheseearlycarswereslow,clumsy,andinefficient.Dayafterdayhecametohiswork----sweeping,scrubbing,cleaning.Thistypewriterisindeedcheapandfine.这些早期的汽车速度缓慢，行动笨拙，效率不高。他每天来干活----扫地，擦地板，收拾房间。这台打字机真是物美价廉。Afterpreparationsweremade,theplanewereflownacrosstheU.S.toSanFrancisco.Recoursetoarmsisnotthebestsolutiontoaquarrelbetweencountries.一切准备工作就绪以后，飞机就飞越美国去旧金山。国与国之间的争端诉诸武力，并不是最好的解决方法。AdditionintranslatingpluralnounsFlowersbloomallovertheyard.Therewererowsofhouseswhichhehadneverseenbefore.朵朵鲜花开满了庭院。一排排的房子，都是他从来没见过的。Nationshaveutilizeddifferenteconomicresourcesandpeoplehavedevelopeddifferentskills.Cargoinsuranceistoprotectthetraderfromlossesthatmanydangersmaycause.不同的国家使用不同的经济资源，不同的人拥有不同的技能。货物保险会使贸易商免受许多风险可能造成的种种损失。Anotherfactorbehindtheincreaseinmergeractivityistherecordperformanceofstockmarkets,whichhasenabledcompaniestofinancemajoracquisitionsonthestrengthoftheirinflatedshareprices.导致兼并不断增加的另一个因素是股票市场的空前繁荣使得各家公司可以依赖其上涨的股票价格去资助各种大规模的收购（其它公司）。TheUnitedStates’systemsworkbymeansofaseriesofcloselytabulatedfavorsandobligationsdoledoutwheretheywilldothemostgood.美国的种种体制都是在一系列安排周密的恩惠和义务的基础上运行的，而且实施恩惠和承担义务都必须以获取最大的利益为前提。V.Addingtense,aspect,andmoodmarkersIhadimaginedittobemerelyagestureofaffection,butitseemsitistosmellthelambandmakesurethatitisherown.Iwas,andremain,gratefulforthepartheplayedinmyrelease.Theoldmansaid,“Theysayhisfatherwasafisherman.Maybehewasaspoorasweare.”原来我以为这不过是一种亲热的表示，但是现在看来，这是为了闻一闻羊羔的味道，来断定是不是自己生的。我的获释是他成全的，对此我过去很感激，现在仍然很感激。老人说：“听人说，从前他父亲是个打鱼的。他过去也许跟我们现在一样穷。”V.Addingtense,aspect,andmoodmarkersIhadimaginedittobemerelyagestureofaffection,butitseemsitistosmellthelambandmakesurethatitisherown.Iwas,andremain,gratefulforthepartheplayedinmyrelease.Theoldmansaid,“Theysayhisfatherwasafisherman.Maybehewasaspoorasweare.”原来我以为这不过是一种亲热的表示，但是现在看来，这是为了闻一闻羊羔的味道，来断定是不是自己生的。我的获释是他成全的，对此我过去很感激，现在仍然很感激。老人说：“听人说，从前他父亲是个打鱼的。他过去也许跟我们现在一样穷。”VI.AddingquantifiersTotheeastandthesouthafaintpinkisspreading.Thesunrosethinlyfromthesea.Astreamwaswindingitswaysthroughthevalleyintotheriver.Iwasextremelyworriedabouther,butthiswasneithertheplacenorthetimeforalectureoranargument.东南方呈现一抹浅红，正在向远处扩展。一轮红日从海边淡淡升起。一弯溪水蜿蜒流过山谷，汇到江里去了。我真替他万分担忧，但此时此地既不宜教训她一番，也不宜与她争论一通。Don’ttakeitseriously.I’mjustmakingfunofyou.Asforme,Ididn’tagreefromtheverybeginning.Theeyeswerethesamecolorasthesea,cheerfulandundefeated.不要认真嘛。我不过开开玩笑罢了。我呢，从一开始就不赞成。那双眼啊，像海水一样的颜色，愉快、毫不沮丧。Poorlittletenderheart!Andsoitgoesonhopingandbeating,andlongingandtrusting.Theirhostcarved,poured,served,cutbread,talked,laughed,proposedhealths.Onlyveryslightandveryscatteringripplesofhalf-heartedhand-clappinggreetedhim.Andherthoughtfulness!Ifthenightwasanywaycoldorwetorwindytherewassuretobealittletumblerofpunchreadyforhim.可怜这温柔的小姑娘，一颗心抖簌簌的跳个不停，她左盼右盼，一直想念情人，对他深信不疑。（译文并没有将hopingandbeating简单地译为盼望着、跳动着，而是增加了一些描述性的词语来描写少女思念情人的心情，使人如见其人、如听其声，产生了一种可触可摸的立体感觉。）他们的主人,（又是）割啊，（又是）倒啊，（又是）上菜啊，（又是）切面包啊，（又是）说啊，（又是）笑啊，（又是）敬酒啊，忙个不停。（增加语气助词和概括词语）欢迎他的只有几下轻轻地、零零落落、冷冷淡淡的掌声。（叠词）她多体贴啊！要是哪天夜里较阴冷、潮湿、或是刮风，她必定要斟好一杯混合甜饮料，等着他来畅饮。(原文Andherthoughtfulness!是个感叹句，翻译时增加了副词多、语气助词啊，准确地传达了原文的句式和语气。)ExercisesForexample,iftheaccountingrulesofyourcountryrequirethatequipmentbedepreciatedoveraperiodoftenyears,withnosalvagevalue,usingthestraight-linedepreciationmethod,andthatnoothermethodofcalculatingdepreciationcouldbeused,wewouldsaythatyourcountryhasa“standardized”depreciationpolicyforequipment.TranslatethefollowingintoChinese:Suggestedanswer例如，如果你们国家的会计准则要求设备用直线法折旧法在10年期间折旧，无残值，并且不可以使用其他的方法来计算折旧，我们可以说你们国家对设备有一个“标准”的折旧政策。