常用生物学专业英语词汇

Aabdomen腹部abdominal腹部的abiotic非生物的abnormal反常的，变态的abscisic脱落酸abscission脱落absorb吸收(水、热、光等)absorptionspectrum吸收光谱，吸收谱absorption吸收作用abut连接accelerate加速，加快acceptable可接受的acceptor受体acetate醋酸盐；醋酸根acetone丙酮acetyl乙酰基acorn橡树子acquire获得，取得actin肌动蛋白actinomycinD放线菌素Dactivation活化；激活activationenergy活化能activesite活性中心active主动的；活性的adapt使适应，改编适应adaptin衔接蛋白adaptiveradiation适应辐射adenine腺嘌呤adenosine腺嘌呤核苷adenosyl腺苷的adenovirus腺病毒adheringjunctings粘着连接adhesion粘着；附着adipose脂肪多的adjacent毗邻的adjust调节，调整；校正admit让……进入adolescent青少年adrenal肾上腺的,肾上腺adulthood成年affinity亲和；吸引agar琼脂，洋菜agarose琼脂糖agency媒介agent剂aggregate聚合体Agrobacteriumtumefaciens根癌农杆菌airborne空气传播的alanine丙氨酸albino白化体albumin白蛋白，清蛋白aldosterone醛固酮，醛甾酮allcviate减轻；缓和allelc等位基因allele等位基因突变遗传因子allostericmodification别构修饰allosteric别构的aloft向上Alzheimer’sdisease阿尔茨海默氏病amino氨基的～acid氨基酸aminocyclopropylcarboxylic氨基环丙烷羧酸aminopeptidase氨基肽酶amnion羊膜amoeboid阿米巴样的amphibian两栖动物amphipathic两亲的两性的amphiploid双倍体amplify扩增amylase淀粉酶anaerobic厌氧的anal肛门的,臀的analogous机能相似的,同功的analysis分析，分解analyze分析anaphase(细胞分裂的)后期anaphase-promotingcomplex,APC促后期复合物anarogen雄激素anatomy解剖学ancestor祖先ancient古老(的生物)古老的anemia贫血(症)局部缺血angiosperm被子植物anionic阴离子的antagonistic对抗性的antagonize对抗；中和antennae触角anterior前的anther花药anticodon反密码子antidiuretiC抗利尿的抗利尿anus肛门anus肛门aorta主动脉apex(复)apices顶，顶点apparatus体；器官；装置appendicitis阑尾炎appendix阑尾，附件appetlte食欲，胃口appreciable可估计的appropriate适当的approximately近似地，大约archaebacteria古细菌archaic古代的arterial动脉的arteriole小动脉artery动脉arthritis关节炎artificialchromosome人工染色体aspartic天冬氨酸astrocyte星形(神经胶质)，细胞asymmetric不对称的atmosphere大气层，大气圈atrium心房autocatalytic自动催化的autonomicneuron自主神经元autonomouslyreplicatingsequenceARS自主复制起序列autophagy自噬作用axon轴突axoplasm轴浆Bbacillus杆菌bacteria细菌bacterialartificialchromosome,BAC细菌人工染色体bacteriophage噬菌体bacterium细菌basalcellcarcinoma基层细胞癌base碱基basementmembrane基膜bicarbonate碳酸氢盐bilateralsymmetry两侧对称bilayer双层binal双重的，两倍的，孪生的binding结合位点binomial双名的biochemical生物化学的biogeography生物地理学biology生物学biotechnology生物技术biotic生物的bipedal两足动物的bipolar双极的blastocoele囊胚腔blastoderm胚盘blastomere卵裂球blastula囊胚blister水疱，疱bloodpressure血压blood-clotting凝血boron硼botanist植物学家botanist植物学家boulder巨砾，圆石bounce跳起breeze微风bryophytes苔藓类植物bud芽buffer缓冲，缓冲剂bulb鳞茎bulky泡状bumble犯大错bump碰，撞bundle维管束bunting巫鸟buoyancy浮力buoyant有浮力的butanol丁醇Ccaecilian无足类caffeine咖啡因cambium形成层Cambrian寒武纪cancerous癌的capillarybed毛细血管床capillary毛细血管capsid(病毒)衣壳carbohydrate碳水化合物，糖类carbonate碳酸盐carboxy羧基carboxylation羧化作用carboxypeptidase羧肽酶carcinogen致癌剂carcinoma癌cardiovascular心血管的carotenoid类胡萝卜素carotid颈动脉的carpel心皮catalyze催化catecholamine儿茶酚胺cateract白内障cellsecretion细胞分泌cellwall细胞壁cellulose纤维素，植物纤维物质Cenozoic新生代centiped少足类centraldogma中心法则centralvacuole中央液泡centrifuge离心机centriole中心粒centromere着丝粒，着丝点centromericsequenceCEN着丝粒序列cephalization头部形成cerebellum小脑cerebral大脑的champion拥护者channel通道，管道chemotaxis趋化性chlorine氯，氯气chlorofluorocarbon含氯氟烃chlorophyll叶绿素chlorophyllase叶绿素酶chloroplast叶绿体chloroquine氯奎choke窒息，噎cholesterol胆固醇chordate脊索动物chorion绒毛膜chromatid染色单体chromatin染色质chromatography层析chromosome染色体chylomicron乳糜小滴chyme食糜chymotripisn糜蛋白酶chysophyte金藻chytrids壶菌cicada蝉ciliated具纤毛的Ciliophora纤毛门circadian全天的circulate循环，环流circumstance环境cis-actingelement顺式作用元件cis-Golginetwork,CGN高尔基内侧网络cistron顺反子citric柠檬的clathrin-coatedvesicle披网格蛋白小泡cleavage卵裂，细胞分裂cleave分开clone克隆，无性系clot凝块cloverleaf三叶草clubfungi珊瑚菌担子菌(Basidiomycetes)coccus球菌coccyx尾骶骨的尾骨code密码coelom体腔coenzyme辅酶coexist共存coherent粘着的，连贯的coil卷，盘绕coincidence巧合coleoptile胚芽鞘collagen骨胶原，成胶质collateral侧支collenchyma厚角组织commensalisms共栖，共生competitiveinhibitor竞争性抵制剂complementary互补的，补充的concentration浓度connectivetissue结缔组织constitutiveenzyme组成酶Constitutivesecretorypathway组成型分泌途径contaminant沾染物contour轮廓，外形contractile可收缩的contraction收缩convulsion惊厥coolant冷却剂COPIIcoatedvesiclesCOPII被膜小泡COPIcoatedvesiclesCOPI被膜小泡copulate交配cord索cork皮层，木栓cornea角膜cortex皮质，皮层corticosteroid皮质甾类cortisol肾上腺皮质索cotyledon子叶cotyledonary子叶的counterpart副本，复本covalence共价covalentbond共价键covalent共价covering覆盖cranialnerves脑神经cranial脑的crawl蠕动creature生物crenate圆齿状的crest达到顶点cretaceous白垩纪的crevice裂缝crispnsee脆，鲜嫩cristae嵴(拉)crossingover遗传物质的交换cross-linked交联的crustacea浮游甲壳动物crustacean甲壳动物crystalline结晶的culture培养，栽培cushione缓冲缓和cuticle表皮，角质层cutin角质cyanobacteria蓝细菌cyclin细胞周期蛋白cyclin-dependentproteinkinases,CDK细胞周期依赖性蛋白激酶cytochrome细胞色素cytokinin细胞分裂素cytomembranesysteme膜系统cytoplasm细胞质cytosine胞嘧啶cytoskeleton细胞骨架cytosol胞液，细胞溶质Ddaughterchromosome子染色体debris碎片decipher破译decomposer分解者degenerate变性degrade使降解deletion染色体的缺失denaturation变性dendrite树突deoxyribonucleicacid脱氧核糖核酸deoxyribonucleic脱氧核糖核酸的deoxyribose脱氧核糖deposition沉积作用deprive剥夺deprive夺去derevative衍生物desensitization脱敏现象，减感作用detergent去垢剂deuterostome后口动物development发育，发展dextran葡聚糖dialysis透析，渗析diaphragm横隔膜diastolic心脏舒张的diatom硅藻differentialcentrifugation差速离心differentiation分化diffraction衍射diffusion扩散，渗滤digestivetract消化道dihybrid双因子杂种dilute稀释dimensional维，度，元dimer二聚体dioxide二氧化物dip浸，蘸dipeptide二肽diploid二倍体的distort变形，扭曲distortion畸变，变形，失真divergence分歧diversevesicle消化泡diversity多样性，差异Dockingprotein,DP停泊蛋白dodecyl十二烷基dominant显性的，显性性状donor供体dormant休眠的dorsal背面的dorsalrootganglion背根神经节dorsal背部的doublehelix双螺旋duodenum十二指肠duplicate复制dynamic动力学