C++面向对象程序设计练习题

《面向对象程序设计》练习题一、单项选择题（1）若有以下类定义classMyClass{public:MyClass(){cout1;}};则执行语句MyClassa,b[2],*p[2];后，程序的输出结果是（B）A）11B）111C）1111D）11111（2）下面程序的输出结果是（B）#includeiostreamusingnamespacestd;inti=0;intfun(intn){staticinta=2;a++;returna+n;}voidmain(){intk=5;{inti=2;k+=fun(i);}k+=fun(i);coutk;}A）13B）14C）15D）16（3）下面程序的输出结果是（A）#includeiostreamusingnamespacestd;voidswap1(int&v1,int&v2){inttmp=v2;v2=v1;v1=tmp;}voidswap1(int*v1,int*v2){inttmp=*v2;*v2=*v1;*v1=tmp;}voidmain(){inti=10,j=20;swap1(i,j);swap1(&i,&j);couti”,”jendl;}A）10,20B）20,10C）10,10D）20,20（4）下面的程序段的运行结果为（D）charstr[]=job,*p=str;cout*(p+2)endl;A）98B）无输出结果C）字符’b’的地址D）字符’b’（5）下面程序的输出结果是（C）#includeiostreamusingnamespacestd;classA{public:A(inti){x=i;}voiddispa(){coutx“,”;}private:intx;};classB:publicA{public:B(inti):A(i+10){x=i;}voiddispb(){dispa();coutxendl;}private:intx;};voidmain(){Bb(2);b.dispb();}A）10,2B）12,10C）12,2D）2,2（6）下面程序的输出结果是（C）#includeiostreamusingnamespacestd;classBase{public:Base(inti){couti;}~Base(){}};classBase1:virtualpublicBase{public:Base1(inti,intj=0):Base(j){couti;}~Base1(){}};classBase2:virtualpublicBase{public:Base2(inti,intj=0):Base(j){couti;}~Base2(){}};classDerived:publicBase2,publicBase1{public:Derived(inta,intb,intc,intd):mem1(a),mem2(b),Base1(c),Base2(d),Base(a){coutb;}private:Base2mem2;Base1mem1;};voidmain(){DerivedobjD(1,2,3,4);}A）134122B）123412C）14302012D）143212（7）以下程序对一维坐标点类Point进行运算符重载，输出结果是（A）#includeiostreamusingnamespacestd;classPoint{public:Point(intval){x=val;}Pointoperator++(){x++;return*this;}Pointoperator++(int){Pointold=*this;++(*this);returnold;}Pointoperator+(Pointa){x+=a.x;return*this;}intGetX()const{returnx;}private:intx;};intmain(){Pointa(10);cout(++a).GetX();couta++.GetX();}A）1111B）1011C）1112D）1010（8）下面程序的输出结果是（C）#includeiostreamusingnamespacestd;classBase{public:virtualvoidf(){cout“f0+”;}voidg(){cout“g0+”;}};classDerived:publicBase{public:voidf(){cout“f+”;}voidg(){cout“g+”;}};voidmain(){Derivedd;Base*p=&d;p-f();p-g();}A）f+g+B）f0+g+C）f+g0+D）f0+g0+（9）下面程序的输出结果是（C）#includeiostreamusingnamespacestd;intcountp=0;classPoint{intX,Y;public:Point(intx=0,inty=0){X=x;Y=y;}Point(Point&p){X=p.X;Y=p.Y;countp++;}friendPointmyfun(Pointp1,Pointp2,constPoint&p3);};Pointmyfun(Pointp1,Pointp2,constPoint&p3){Pointtmp(p1.X+p2.X+p3.X,p1.Y+p2.Y+p3.Y);returntmp;}voidmain(){Pointpp0,pp1(1,2),pp2(1);myfun(pp0,pp1,pp2);std::coutcountpendl;}A）0B）4C）3D）6（10）下面程序的输出结果是（C）#includeiostreamusingnamespacestd;classSample{friendlongfun(Samples){if(s.x2)return1;returns.x*fun(Sample(s.x-1));}public:Sample(longa){x=a;}private:longx;};voidmain(){intsum=0;for(inti=0;i6;i++){sum+=fun(Sample(i));}coutsum;}A）120B）16C）154D）34二、填空题（1）以下程序是用来计算小于16的整数的阶乘，请补充完整。#includeiostreamusingnamespacestd;constintArSize=16;voidmain(){doublefac[ArSize];fac[1]=fac[0]=1.0;for(inti=2;iArSize;i++)fac[i]=i*fac[i-1];}（2）下面是个Cat类的声明与使用，请补充完整。#includeiostreamusingnamespacestd;classCat{staticintcount;public:Cat(){count++;coutNowcatnumberiscountendl;}~Cat(){count--;coutNowcatnumberiscountendl;}};intCat::count=0;intmain(){Cata,b,c;return0;}（3）将下面的MyPoint类定义补充完整，使得程序的输出结果是（10，10）（5，5）#includeiostreamclassMyPoint{public:MyPoint(intxx=5,intyy=5){X=xx;Y=yy;std::cout(X,Y);}private:intX,Y;};voidmain(){MyPointa(10,10),b;}（4）已知文件之间具有以下的包含关系（用#include指令）：point.cpp包含point.h，point.cpp包含line.h，line.h包含point.h。那么如下的point.h文件缺少什么语句，请补充完整。//Point类的声明，point.h#ifndef_POINT_H_#define_POINT_H_classPoint{...};#endif（5）下列函数的功能是判断字符串str是否对称，对称则返回true，否则返回false。请在横线处填上适当内容，实现该函数。boolfun(char*str){inti=0,j=0;while(str[j])j++;for(j--;ij&&str[i]==str[j];i++,j--);returni=j;}（6）请将下列程序补充完整，使得输出结果为“DestructorDerivedDestructorBase”。#includeiostreamusingnamespacestd;classBase{public:virtual~Base(){cout“DestructorBase”endl;}};classDerived:publicBase{public:~Derived(){cout“DestructorDerived”endl;}}；voidmain(){Base*pBase=newDerived;deletepBase;}（7）如有下列程序：#includeiostreamusingnamespacestd;classDemo{public:Demo(){coutdefaultconstructor\n;}Demo(constDemo&x){coutcopyconstructor\n;}};DemouserCode(Demob){Democ(b);returnc;}voidmain(){Demoa,d;coutcallinguserCode()\n;d=userCode(a);}执行上面的程序的过程中，构造函数Demo()和Demo(constDemo&x)被调用的次数分别是2和3次。三、程序题（1）程序改错每个注释“//ERROR”所在的一行语句存在错误。请改正这些错误，使程序的输出结果为：00:00:0001:37:19注意：只需修改注释“//ERROR”所在的那一行语句，不要改动程序中的其他内容。#includeiostream#includeiomanipusingnamespacestd;classStopWatch//秒表类{inthours;//小时intminutes;//分钟intseconds;//秒public:StopWatch():hours(0),minutes(0),seconds(0){}voidreset(){hours=minutes=seconds=0;}//前进1秒StopWatch&operator++()//ERROR①{if(seconds==60)//ERROR②{seconds=0;if(++minutes==60){minutes=0;++hours;}}return*this;}friendvoidshow(StopWatch);};voidshow(StopWatchwatch){coutsetfill('*');//ERROR③coutsetw(2)watch.hours':'setw(2)watch.minutes':'setw(2)watch.secondsendl;}intmain(){StopWatchsw;show(sw);for(inti=0;i5839;i++)sw++;show(sw);return0;}解答：①：StopWatch&operator++(int)(4分)②：if(++seconds==60)（3分）③：coutsetfill('0');（3分）（2）语句填空下面的程序设计了一个宠物类，请你在空行上填入