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318Vol.31No.820108CHINESEJOURNALOFTROPICALCROPSAug.20101,2,3,4,1,2,3,4,1,2,3,4,5,1,2,3,4,,,,,571737,,,25~30℃,28℃。。。,、、、L-、5,、L-、3,,L-。55℃,10min。;;doi10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2010.08.028S435.121.44435.661(UstilagoscitamineaSydow)[1,2]。,[3,4],[5~9]。2007[10]。、,[11]。,,。11.1、。1.27:①:200g,16g,20g,1000mL。②:200g,16g,20g,1000mL。③:30g,20g,1000mL。④:300g,20g,1000mL。⑤:25g,,20g,1000mL。⑥Czapek:MgSO4·7H2O0.5g,K2HPO41g,KCl0.50g,FeSO4·7H2O0.01g,NaNO32g,20g,20g,1000mL。⑦Richards:(No.2007BAD48B06-08)。:,,。E-mail:weihuaiwu2002@163.com。:。E-mail:hechunppp@163.com:2010-03-16:2010-07-07::KNO310g,K2HPO45g,MgSO4·7H2O2.5g,FeCl30.02g,50g,20g,1000mL。,,,(Φ=5mm),13d,()。3。PDA13(Φ=5mm),PDA,5、10、15、20、25、28、30、35、37℃9。3。(Φ=5mm)PDA,(18W、6)、12h/12h、3,28℃。3。1mol/LHCl1mol/LNaOH,1pHpH3.0pH11.0,9。,,(Φ=5mm),28℃。3。Czapek,(20g)、、、L-、、、D-、、D-、D-D-,。,2g/LNaNO315g/L,。、L-、L-、L-、L-、L-、L-、、L-、、L-、L-、L-、L-、L-、L-,。0.3294g/L。,,(Φ=5mm),28℃。3。,1mL,3,45、50、55、60、65℃510min,。,。PDA,,,28℃,5d。3。22.17,、、Richards、4,27mm。Czapek,26.5mm;、2,24、23.5mm。,、、3,、、CzapekRichards(1)。2.29(2),5℃/℃/mm0.050.015////1011.67fE++1515.83eD++2017.50dD++2520.83cC++++2826.17aA++++3023.83bB++++355.170gF+372.170hG+21(P=0.01),(P=0.05)。,,()。“+”,“+”,“++”,“+++”,“++++”,()。℃/mm0.050.0128.17abA++++27.00abA++++27.33abA+++23.50cC+++24.00cBC++++Czapek26.50bAB+++Richards28.83aA+++138931,,28℃,26.17mm;30℃25℃,23.83、20.83mm;,35、37℃,5.17、2.17mm。,25~30℃。2.3、12h/12h、3,。,12h/12h(3)。2.4pH10pHpH3~11,pH6~7,30mm,,(4)。,pH6pH7,(4)。2.511(5),、、、L-、,20mm。,23mm。D-,6.67mm。,。,、、、L-、,D-、。2.615(6),、L-,30mm,30.33、30.83、30.33mm。,L-,7.3mm。/mm0.050.01CK24.8hFG+++30.3aA++L-28.5bcB++++L-26.3efDE+++L-26.8deCD++++L-30.8aA++++L-25.8fgDEF+++L-28.0bcBC++++L-28.7bB++++30.3aA++++L-28.7bB++++L-27.7cdBC++++L-24.3hG++L-27.0deCD+L-25.2ghEFG+L-7.3iH+6pH/mm0.050.01327.3cdCDE+++427.5cdCD+++527.7cdCD+++631.0bB++++734.5aA++++828.0cC+++926.7deCDE+++1026.0eDE+++1125.7eE+++4pH/mm0.050.01CK20.0cCD++22.0abABC++++17.5dE++22.8aAB++L-22.5aAB++23.0aA++++22.8aAB+++D-6.7fG+15.3eF+D-19.7cD++D-19.7cD++++D-20.7bcBCD++++5/mm0.050.0127.00bA++++26.00bA++++28.83aA++++31390:,L-,。,。L-,,。2.75d,,45℃,,50℃,55~65℃,,55℃,10min。3“”,,,,;,,,[12]。,,。,10~37℃,25~30℃,28℃,10℃、37℃。,。、、、L-、5,。、、3,。Pairoj,15~35℃,25℃,25℃30℃[13]。。,,,M,M,M[14]。,(PSA),3d,7d,4.5cm[15]。,Pairoj,PDA20d50mm[13]。,,。?。[1]HoyJW.IncidenceofsugarcanesmutinLouisianaanditseffectsonyield[J].PlantDisease,1986,70:59-60.[2]FerreiraSA,ComstockJC.Smut.//RicaudC,EganBT,GillaspieJrAG,etal.DiseasesofSugarcane.Amsterdam:Elsevier,1989:211-229.[3]RileyIT,JubbTF,EganBTetal.FirstoutbreakofsugarcanesmutinAustralia[J].ProceedingsoftheInternationalSocietyofSugarCaneTechnologists,1999,23(2):333-336.[4],,.[J].,2008,3:64-66.[5]PresleyJ.Theculmicoloussmutofsugarcane[J].SugaryAzucar,1978,73(10):34-39.[6]BytherRS,SteinerGW,WismerCA.NewsugarcanediseasesreportedinHawaii[J].SugarcanePathologistsNewsletter,1971,7:18-21.[7]RileyLT,JubbTF,CroftBJ.FirstoutbreakofsugarcanesmutinAustralia[J].Proc.XXISSCTConger,NewDelhi,India,1999:333-336.[8]SchenckS,PearHM,LiuZ,etal.GeneticvariationofUstilagoscitamineapathotypesinHawaiievaluatedbyhostrangeandAFLPmarker[J].SugarcaneInternational,2005,23:15-19.[9]XuLP,ChenRK.IdentificationofRAPDmarkerlinkedtosmutresistancegeneinsugarcane[J].ChineseJournalofApplied&Envi-ronmentalBiology,2004,10(3):263-267.[10],,,.[J].,2008,28(4):112-116.[11],,,.[J].,2009,30(11):1674-1678.[12]SchenckS.EvaluationofaPCRamplificationmethodfordetectionofsystemicsmutinfectionsinsugarcane[J].Sugarcane,1998,6:2-5.139131[13]PairojJ,SuwanitW.EffectoftemperatureandsomesubstrateonteliosporegerminationofsugarcanesmutandinoculationmethodsoninfectionbyUstilagoscitaminea[J].KasetsartJournal:NaturalScience,1983,17(2):45-52.[14],,.DNA[J].,2004,26(3):353-359.[15],,,.[J].,2004,23(3):197-201.TheBiologicalCharacteristicsofthePathogenofSugarcaneSmutDiseaseWuWeihuai1,2,3,4,ZhengXiaolan11,2,3,4,LiRui1,2,3,4,ChenWenjian5,HeChunping1,2,3,41EnvironmentandPlantProtectionInstitute,CATAS,Danzhou,Hainan571737,China;2KeyLaboratoryofMonitoringandControlofTropicalAgriculturalandForestInvasiveAlienPests,MinistryofAgriculture,Danzhou,Hainan571737,China;3KeyLaboratoryofPestsDetectionandControlforTropicalAgriculture,Danzhou,Hainan571737,China;4HainanEngineeringResearchCenterforBiologicalControlofTropicalDiseasesandInsectPests,Danzhou,Hainan571737,China;5CollegeofEnvironmentandPlantProtection,HainanUniversity,Danzhou,Hainan571737,ChinaAbstractSmutdiseaseinsugarcaneiscausedbythefungusUstilagoscitaminea(H.&P.Sydow)whichoccursinallsugarcane-producingcountriesandcausesaloseashighas90%ofthetotalyield.Therefore,itisimportanttostudyonthebiologicalcharacteristics.Inthepresentstudy,somebiologicalcharacteristicsofthepathogenofsugarcanesmutdiseasewerestudied.Themainresultsaredescribedasfollows:themostsuitablemediumforthefungusgrowthwaspotatoglucoseagarmediumandthesuitablegrowthtemperaturewasfrom25℃to30℃andtheoptimalwas28℃.Acidicorneutralconditionwasconducivetothegrowthofthemycelium.Lightaffectedlittletothegrowthofthemycelium.Amongthetestedcarbonandnitrogenresources,sugar,lactose,starch,L
本文标题:甘蔗黑穗病菌基础生物学特性
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