生物滞留池的水文效应分析

2011年4月JournalofIrrigationandDrainage第30卷第2期:1672-3317(2011)02-0098-06生物滞留池的水文效应分析*孙艳伟,魏晓妹(西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院,陕西杨凌712100):在分析生物滞留池的结构和功能的基础上,利用生物滞留池模拟设计软件RECARGA对生物滞留池在径流消减地下水入渗补给积水时间总处理水量等方面的水文效应进行了模拟,证实了其显著的水文调控功能;对根区深度根区土壤降水类型天然土壤等影响生物滞留池设计的因素进行了讨论,以期为生物滞留池的合理设计提供理论依据:低影响发展;生物滞留池;RECARGA;水文效应:P333.1:A,,,,[1-3]2090,(LID),LID,[8]LID,LID,LID,,RECARGA,,,1,[4],7[5-6],(),,3,,;;,,90%,[7]98*:2010-08-25:(1983-),,,,,,,2RECARGAWisconsin,,[8]RECARGA,RECARGATR-55CN[9];Green-Ampt,vanGenuchten(),CN,,,CN[10],,RECARGA,,,,RECARGA1图1RECARGA的计算流程(根据RECARGA用户手册改写)3,1000m2:0.40;15cm,61cm,11.8cm/h,0.42;;1000m2,50%,CN75;;230.5cm61cm;2()2.5cm/h5cm/h;2:0.86cm/h,,0.34cm/h3,5cm,2,23.130.5~100cm,,2(dr)30.5cm61cm2.5cm/h,,0.86cm/h,T1,399图2降水曲线图3不同根区深度对生物滞留池的水文效应3,,,,,,,,3.2,,2.5cm/h,2(K)2.55cm/h30.5cm,,T14图4不同根区土壤对生物滞留池的水文效应1004,,,,,,,,,3.3,2:,(Kn)0.86cm/h,,0.34cm/h,30.5cm,2.5cm/h,T15图5不同根区土壤对生物滞留池的水文效应5,,,2,,,20%,,0.34cm/h,60h,48h,,3.4,RECARGA3,30.5cm,2.5cm/h,0.86cm/h1表1不同降水类型对生物滞留池的影响/%/%T1T2T3/%T1T2T3/hT1T2T317.16.86.87.57.57.137.535.7535.25213.913.513.515.314.614.637.2535.535427.226.126.129.328.328.336.7534.7534.25639.437.737.743.041.241.235.7533.533.25851.449.049.055.953.553.134.531.7532.751062.559.759.468.164.964.633.53131.51273.069.268.979.975.875.433.530.7531.251483.278.077.791.185.285.2333029.751693.286.385.7100.094.594.232.7529.2529.518100.093.993.2100.0100.0100.031.2528.7528.2820100.0100.0100.0100.0100.0100.02825.7527.751011,,,,,T12,3,,,3.55,,,,48h,,,10cm,30.5cm,2.5cm/h,0.34cm/h2表2出流设施对生物滞留池的水文效应/%/%/%/%/h18.65.49.34.312.94.32664.25217.110.718.18.224.98.225.7564432.220.834.616.348.116.32563.25638.030.341.923.962.323.925.7562.75833.039.947.531.577.431.526.5621039.649.044.838.578.838.527.560.251240.157.446.045.386.945.329601440.566.046.751.994.251.93059.751640.674.147.858.4100.058.43159.51839.882.047.364.6100.064.631.2559.752035.189.543.670.6100.070.63059.252,,,10%,5%~10%,,,,,,,,,,,,,,15%,80%,,,,,,,:[1]BoothDB,JacksonCR.UrbanizationofAquaticSystems:DegradationThresholds,StormWaterDetection,andtheLimitsofMitiga-tion[J].JournaloftheAmericanWaterResourcesAssociation(JAWRA),1997,33(5):1077-1090.[2]PoffNL,AllanJD,BainMB,etal.Thenaturalflowregime-aparadigmforriverconservationandrestoration[J].BioScience,1997,47:769-784.102[3]RichterBD,MatthewsR,HarrisonDL,etal.Ecologicallysustainablewatermanagement:managingriverflowsforriverintegrity[J].EcologicalApplications,2003,13:206-224.[4]PrinceGeorgesCounty.LowImpactDevelopmentDesignStrategies:AnIntegratedApproach.PrinceGeorgesCountyDepartmentofEnvironmentalResources[M].Largo:Maryland,1999.[5]PrinceGeorgesCounty.BioretentionManual.princeGeorgesCountyDepartmentofEnvironmentalResources[M].Largo:Maryland,2007.[6]UnitedStatesEnvironmentalProtectionAgencyOfficeofWater.BioretentionApplications-InglewoodDemonstrationProject[M].Lar-go:Maryland,2000.[7]EPAStormWaterTechnologyFactSheet[M].US:Bioretention,1999.[8]AtchisonD,SeversonL.RECARGAusersmanualversion2.3.UniversityofWisconsin-Madison,CivilandEnvironmentalEngineer-ingDepartmentWaterResourcesGroup[M/OL].Reportandexecutableprogramavailable.2004at:[9]UrbanHydrologyforSmallWatersheds,Tr-55[M].US:UnitedStatesDepartmentofAgriculture,1986.[10]VangenschtenJT.Aclosed-formequationforpredictingthehydraulicconductivityforunsaturatedsoil[J].SoilScienceSocietyofAmer-icaJournal,1980,44(5):892-898.ResearchonHydrologicalEffectofBioretentionCellsSUNYan-wei,WEIXiao-mei(DepartmentofCivilEngineering,North-WestAgricultureandForestryTechnologyUniversity,Yangling712100,China)Abstract:Thispaperanalyzedthestructureofthetypicalbioretentioncellandsimulatedthehydrologicaleffectofthebioretentioncellsinrunoffreduction,groundwaterrecharge,pondingtimeandtreatedwater.Besides,thedesignfactors,say,rootdepth,rootsoil,precipitationtypeandnativesoilwerealsodis-cussedinordertooffersuggestionsforthedesignersofthebioretentioncells.Keywords:LID;bioretentioncells;RECARGA;hydrologicaleffect103