2013年高考英语二轮阅读理解归类复习-环境保护(详解)

第1页共3页2013高考英语二轮阅读理解归类复习—环境保护AWilderness“Inwilderness(荒野)isthepreservationoftheworld.”Thisisafamoussayingfromawriterregardedasoneofthefathersofenvironmentalism.Thefrequencywithwhichitisborrowedmirrorsaheateddebateonenvironmentalprotection：whethertoplacewildernessattheheartofwhatistobepreserved.AsJohnSauvenofGreenpeaceUKpointsout，thereisastrongappealinimagesofthewild，theuntouched；morethananythingelse，theyspeakofthenaturethatmanypeoplevaluemostdearly.Theurgetoleavethesubjectofsuchimagesuntouchedisstrong，andthedangerexploitation(开发)bringstosuchlandscapes(景观)isreal.Someofthesewildernessesalsoperformfunctionsthathumansneed—therainforests，forexample，storecarboninvastquantities.ToMr.Sauven，these“ecosystemservices”faroutweighthegainsfromexploitation.LeeLane，avisitingfellowattheHudsonInstitute，takestheopposingview.Heacknowledgesthatwildernessesdoprovideusefulservices，suchaswaterconservation.Butthatisnot，heargues，areasontoavoidallhumanpresence，orindeedcommercialandindustrialexploitation.ThereareevermorepeopleontheEarth，andtheyreasonablyandrightfullywanttohavebetterlives，ratherthanmerelystruggleforsurvival.Whilethewaysofusingresourceshaveimproved，thereisstillagrowingneedforrawmaterials，andsomewildernessescontaintheminabundance.Iftheycanbetappedwithoutreducingtheservicesthosewildernessesprovide，theargumentgoes，thereisnofurtherreasonnottodoso.Beinguntouchedisnot，initself，acharacteristicworthvaluingaboveallothers.Ilookforwardtoseeingtheseviewstakenfurther，andtotheirbeingchallengedbytheotherparticipants.Onechallengethatsuggestsitselftomeisthatbothcasesneedtotakeonthequestionofspiritualvaluealittlemoredirectly.Andthereisapracticalquestionastowhetherwildernessescanbeexploitedwithoutharm.Thisisatopicthatcallsfornotonlyfreeexpressionoffeelings，butalsotheguidanceofreason.Whatpositionwildernessshouldenjoyinthepreservationoftheworldobviouslydeservesmuchmoreseriousthinking.【语篇解读】荒野是否应该开发？仁者见仁，智者见智，两种观点针锋相对，莫衷一是。作者客观分析，冷静思考，期待着事态的发展。1．JohnSauvenholdsthat________.A．manypeoplevaluenaturetoomuchB．exploitationofwildernessesisharmfulC．wildernessesprovidehumanswithnecessitiesD．theurgetodeveloptheecosystemservicesisstrong答案B[考查推理判断。第二段的最后一句提到JohnSauven认为“生态系统服务”远比开发的利益重要，由此可推断他的观点是开发荒野有害。]2．WhatisthemainideaofPara.3?A．Theexploitationisnecessaryforthepoorpeople.B．Wildernessescannotguaranteebetteruseofrawmaterials.C．Usefulservicesofwildernessesarenotthereasonfornoexploitation.D．Allthecharacteristicsconcerningtheexploitationshouldbetreatedequally.答案C[考查主旨大意。本段第二、三句是对另外一种观点的概括，意思是荒野的有益服务不能作第2页共3页为不开发的理由。]3．Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsthisdebate?A．Objective.B．Disapproving.C．Sceptical.D．Optimistic.答案A[考查推理判断。作者在最后两段中并没有直接表明自己的观点，只是“客观”地进行叙述。]4．Whichofthefollowingshowsthestructureofthepassage?CP：CentralPointP：PointSp：Sub­point(次要点)C：Conclusion答案D[考查推理判断。文章第一段提出中心论点；第二、三两段分别阐述了两种不同的观点；第四段是作者自己的观点；最后一段是文章的结论。]BPrinceCharlesyesterdaypromisedtoreducetheroyalimpactontheenvironmentthroughsweepingchangestohispersonallifestyleandofficialschedule.Theprincewillreplacecarbon­heavyprivatejetsandhelicopterswithscheduledflightsandtrainservices.ThemovecameasPrinceCharlesurgedbusinessleaderstopublishtheenvironmentalimpactoftheiractivities.Hesaid，“Fewaccountantsandbusinessdecision­makersask，‘Howmuchofourcriticalnaturalresourceisleft?Howmanymilesofpolaricecaphasourbusinesshelpedmeltthisyear？Byhowmanyincheshaveweraisedsealevels?Howmanyspecieshaveweputatrisk?Howmanyhomeswillbeflooded，howmanypeoplewilldieofthirstorstarvationbecauseofouractivities？’Thesearenotcomfortablequestions，but，byGod，theyneedtobeasked.”Headded，“Atthemomentthesecostsdonotappearinanyone'sbooks.Yettheyarereal，theyareincurrednowandinarelativelyshorttime，thedamagebeingcausedmaybebeyondremedy.”Hesaidtheworldwas“runningupthe_biggest_global_credit_card_debtinhistory，butwithlittleornothoughtforhowthebillwilleverbepaid”．FlankedbytheprimeministerandbusinessandcommunityleadersatStJames'Palace，theprincesaidhisnew“accountingforsustainability”projectwouldgiveconsumersthepowertochooseproductsthatcausedlessdamagetotheplanet.DuchyOriginals，thePrince'sfoodcompany，istakingstepstoquantifyhowmuchcarbondioxideandothergreenhousegasisemittedingrowing，processinganddistributingitsproducts.ThechangestothePrince'stravelarrangementsannouncedyesterdayarepartofawiderreviewofthecarbonfootprintassociatedwithactivitiesatallthreeofhisresidences:ClarenceHouseinLondon，HighgroveandBirkhallontheBalmoralestate，aswellastheactivitiesofhis21personaland105fulltimestaff.Measuresincludeareviewofelectricityuse，commuterandotherstafftravelandareintendedtoidentify第3页共3页furtherreductionsincarbondioxideemissions.ThereviewwillreportinJune，whenClarenceHousewillannounceannualtargetstoreducecarbonemissions.Notes：①incurvt.遭受②remedyn．补救③sustainabilityn．可持续性④commutern．通勤者⑤flankedby两侧有长短句分析：FlankedbytheprimeministerandbusinessandcommunityleadersatStJames'Palace，theprincesaidhisnew“accountingforsustainability”projectwouldgiveconsumersthepowertochooseproductsthatcausedlessdamagetotheplanet.句法点睛：本句中，“Flankedby...”为过去分词短语作状语，said后面跟了宾语从句。在宾语从句中，that引导了定