2011考研英语完型冲刺

2011年考研英语完型填空（冲刺班）录音脚本张销民第一节课程–完型填空部分（2小时左右）完型填空的做题技巧：“做”一半，“猜”一半-确保大家完型填空最终的得分率在“4分-8分之间”；一、如何“猜”-依靠完型填空选项的分布概率来“猜”：ABCD四个选项基本上是平均分布，即每个选项基本上均有5次充当答案的机会；这样的话完型的20道题，首先就不需要全做，最多只需要做一半的题，即考生把完型的20道题区分成“会做的题”和“不会做的题”，首先把“会做的题”做完，之后研究这些选项的分布规律，找出其中出现几率最小的选项，把这个选项全部填入“不会做的题”中，猜中的几率则最高。会做的题不会做的题比如：会做5道题，研究其答案选项分布，如下：AABBC；等于这部分出现几率最小的选项为D有15道不会做的题，则全选D；首先把“会做的题”做完，之后研究这些选项的分布规律，找出其中出现几率最小的选项这部分则全部填入“在会做的题目部分出现几率最小的选项”二、如何“做”完型的文章布局结构是规律的完型的两大规律完型的填空类型是规律的完型的12类填空题从词性的角度从题型的角度1、动词5、无关词排除法9、总分结构法2、形容词6、同现结构法10、对应成分分析法3、副词7、复现结构法11、时间、数字线索法4、名词8、关联结构法12、逻辑关系定位法完型文章的布局和结构规律–主线控制全文的文章1、完型文章一般都有明确的中心主线A:主线包括鲜明的主题（FOUCS）B：文章往往又具有很强的导向性或者作者态度具有倾向性2、完型文章往往采用总分对照结构▇完型文章一般都有明确的中心主线整个文章的中心主线包括鲜明的主题（FOUCS），同时文章往往又具有很强的导向性或者作者态度具有倾向性；这个主题以及这种导向性或倾向性其实就构成了完型文章的中心主线，成为从整体上把握完型文章的关键点。中心主线贯穿全文，即整篇文章就是围绕着中心主线展开。▇完型文章往往采用总分对照结构从文章结构的角度来看，能够将文章的中心主线非常简洁地表达清晰的结构往往是总分对照的结构。所以，我们通过大量的总结个分析后发现考研英语的完型文章在文章结构上经常采用总分对照的形式，这就为我们迅速从整体上把握一篇完型文章提供了非常便利条件。总分对照结构是由总述部分和分述部分构成，总述是对分述的总结和概括，而分述是对总述的展开和祥述，两者之间有着明确的互相支持，互相印证的对照关系。举例：分析2006年考研英语完型填空文章的布局和结构ThehomelessmakeupagrowingpercentageofAmerica'spopulation.__1__,homelessnesshasreachedsuchproportionsthatlocalgovernmentcan'tpossibly_____2____.Tohelphomelesspeople_____3___independence,thefederalgovernmentmustsupportjobtrainingprograms,_____4_____theminimumwage,andfundmorelow-costhousing._____5____everyoneagreesonthenumbersofAmericanswhoarehomeless.Estimates____6__anywherefrom600,000to3million._____7__thefiguremayvary,analystsdoagreeonanothermatter:thatthenumberofthehomelessis_____8____.Oneofthefederalgovernment'sstudies_____9__thatthenumberofthehomelesswillreachnearly19millionbytheendofthisdecade.Findingwaysto__10__thisgrowinghomelesspopulationhasbecomeincreasinglydifficult.___11__whenhomelessindividualsmanagetofinda___12__thatwillgivethemthreemealsadayandaplacetosleepatnight,agoodnumberstillspendthebulkofeachday__13__thestreet.Partoftheproblemisthatmanyhomelessadultsareaddictedtoalcoholordrugs.Andasignificantnumberofthehomelesshaveseriousmentaldisorders.Manyothers,____14____notaddictedormentallyill,simplylacktheeveryday__15__skillsneededtoturntheirlives_____16__.BostonGlobereporterChrisReidynotesthatthesituationwillimproveonlywhenthereare_17___programsthataddressthemanyneedsofthehomeless._____18__EdwardZlotkowski,directorofcommunityserviceatBentleyCollegeinMassachusetts,___19__it,Therehastobe_____20___ofprograms.Whatweneedisapackagedeal.12．[A]lodging[B]shelter[C]dwelling[D]house13．[A]searching[B]strolling[C]crowding[D]wandering15.[A]life[B]existence[C]survival[D]maintenance举例：分析2003年考研英语完型填空文章的布局和结构Teachersneedtobeawareoftheemotional,intellectual,andphysicalchangesthatyoungadultsexperience.Andtheyalsoneedtogiveserious21tohowtheycanbebest22suchchanges.Growingbodiesneedmovementand23,butnotjustinwaysthatemphasizecompetition.24theyareadjustingtotheirnewbodiesandawholehostofnewintellectualandemotionalchallenges,teenagersareespeciallyself-consciousandneedthe25thatcomesfromachievingsuccessandknowingthattheiraccomplishmentsare26byothers.However,thetypicalteenagelifestyleisalreadyfilledwithsomuchcompetitionthatitwouldbe27toplanactivitiesinwhichtherearemorewinnersthanlosers,28,publishingnewsletterswithmanystudent-writtenbookreviews,29studentartwork,andsponsoringbookdiscussionclubs.Avarietyofsmallclubscanprovide30opportunitiesforleadership,aswellasforpracticeinsuccessful31dynamics.Makingfriendsisextremelyimportanttoteenagers,andmanyshystudentsneedthe32ofsomekindoforganizationwithasupportiveadult33visibleinthebackground.Intheseactivities,itisimportanttorememberthattheyoungteenshave34attentionspans.Avarietyofactivitiesshouldbeorganized35participantscanremainactiveaslongastheywantandthengoonto36elsewithoutfeelingguiltyandwithoutlettingtheotherparticipants37.thisdoesnotmeanthatadultsmustacceptirresponsibility.38theycanhelpstudentsacquireasenseofcommitmentby39forrolesthatarewithintheir40andtheirattentionspansandbyhavingclearlystatedrules.22.A.strengthenB.accommodateC.stimulateD.enhance25.A.assistanceB.guidanceC.confidenceD.tolerance26.A.claimedB.admiredC.ignoredD.surpassed27.A.improperB.riskyC.fairD.wise完型文章的布局结构规律也决定了完型文章往往表现出以下的特点：▇紧扣主题—（无关词排除法）▇内在一致—（同现结构）▇前后呼应—（复现结构）无关词排除法（与主旨相关解题法）例题：2006年12、13、15题ThehomelessmakeupagrowingpercentageofAmerica'spopulation.__1__,homelessnesshasreachedsuchproportionsthatlocalgovernmentcan'tpossibly_____2____.Tohelphomelesspeople_____3___independence,thefederalgovernmentmustsupportjobtrainingprograms,_____4_____theminimumwage,andfundmorelow-costhousing._____5____everyoneagreesonthenumbersofAmericanswhoarehomeless.Estimates____6__anywherefrom600,000to3million._____7__thefiguremayvary,analystsdoagreeonanothermatter:thatthenumberofthehomelessis_____8____.Oneofthefederalgovernment'sstudies_____9__thatthenumberofthehomelesswillreachnearly19millionbytheendofthisdecade.Findingwaysto__10__thisgrowinghomelesspopulationhasbecomeincreasinglydifficult.___11__whenhomelessindividualsmanagetofinda___12__thatwillgivethemthreemealsadayandaplacetosleepatnight,agoodnumberstillspendthebulkofeachday