高中英语必修4第5单元重点单词及短语讲解

1必修4第5单元重点单词及短语讲解1.themetheme[]n.[C]1.论题,话题,题目Themainthemeofdiscussionwaspresscensorship.讨论的主题是新闻审查制度。2.主题,主题思想;题材Thethemeofthepoemisloveandpeace.这首诗的主题是爱与和平。3.(学生的)作文,文章Ourschoolthemes（compositions）mustbewrittenininkandonwhitepaper.我们学校的作文要用墨水写在白纸上。4.【音】主题曲BruceLeeTheme李小龙传奇主题曲2.amuseamuse[]vt.1.使欢乐,逗...高兴;使发笑;[(+at/by/with)]Aclown'sjobistoamusethespectators.小丑的工作就是娱乐观众。2.给...提供娱乐,消遣Itwastoorainytoplayoutside,sosheamusedherselfwithabook.雨大,不适合在外面玩,所以她看书消遣。Heamusedhimselfbyplayingtheflute.他吹笛自娱。Amuse&entertain的辨析：Thejoke____theaudiencesomuchthatthelaughterlastedaslongas5minutes.A.interestedB.amusedC.entertainedD.movedamuse强调把人逗乐，通俗点说就是“搞笑”，强调搞笑的效果。entertain强调笼统的娱乐，是相对于工作学习而言的Tomy_____,hefelldownontheground.(amuse)Toour_____(amuse),theactorfelloffthestage.amusementamuse是动词，amusing是形容词，此处应该是名词。表示让我感到搞笑的是，toone‘s+n.类似的tomyjoy，让某人高兴的是，tomysurprise，，让某人惊讶的是，都是名词3.amusement略4.variousvarious[]a.21.不同的;各种各样的,Everyonearrivedlateatthepartyforvariousreasons.由于种种原因,每个人赴会都迟到了。2.好几个的;许多的[Z]Wheatisgrowninvariouspartsofthecountry.全国许多地方都种小麦。5.varietyvariety[]n.1.多样性,变化[U]Whatotherwaysdoyouknowtoaddvariety?你知道其他增加变化的方法吗?Peopleliketolivealifefullofvariety.人们喜欢过丰富多彩的生活。2.种种[S][(+of)]Hehasavarietyofinterests.他有多种爱好。avarietyof(多种的)=various(不同的,各种各样的)如；Thereareavarietyofanimalsinthezoo.=Therearevariousanimalsinthezoo.3.【生】变种,异种[C][(+of)]4.种类[C]Hospitalsdealwithdiseasesofeveryvariety.医院诊治各种各样的疾病。Thereare___ofanimalsrangingfromrabbitstotigersinthepark,includingarare___ofmonkey.A.species,speciesB.avariety,speciesspecies多用于指物种。avariety＝allkindsof是各式各样选BThere____(be)avarietyofplantsintheoldyears.is单复数跟variety,这里是avarietyof如果是varietiesof就跟复数Ironhasavarietyofuses.avarietyof为固定短语，意为“多种多样的”Varietiesofvegetables＿onthemarketA.isB.arekind,akindof,kindsof,allkindsof,avarietyof，sort，type的意思和区别：1.种类2.一种3.各种各样的4.全部种类的5.种种6.种类,类别7.类型6.rideride[]vi.1.骑马,乘车;骑马Sherodehomeonherbicycle.她骑自行车回家。2.乘坐,搭坐[(+on/in)]3vt.1.骑(马等);乘(车等)Helearnedtorideahorseattheageofnine.他九岁时学会了骑马。n.[C]1.骑;乘坐;搭乘Hegavemearidetotheplaza.他让我搭车去市场。2.骑马(或乘车)旅行,兜风Wewentforarideinthecar.我们开车兜风。3.(林中的)骑马道4.交通工具,车辆rides指游乐园里供人们骑的游乐设施7.shuttleshuttle[]n.[C]1.短程穿梭运行的车辆(或火车、飞机等)2.【空】航天飞机3.羽毛球8.chargeincharge,inchargeof,inthechargeofincharge和inchargeof的意思均为“主管”“负责”，都可用作表语或定语，后者还可作状语。inthechargeof表示“由……主管”，主语一般是表示事物或单位的名词，of的宾语用表示人的名词或代词。如：1.Ifyoutakepartinthesportsmeeting，pleasetellMark.Heisincharge.如果你参加运动会，请告诉马克。他负责。2.Motherputsthebabyinthechargeofthebabysitterwhilesheisout.母亲外出时将小孩交保姆照料。练习：1.LiMingis______thewholelab.A.inchargeofB.inthechargeofC.inthecharge2.Ourclassis______ourEnglishteacher.A.inthechargeofB.inchargeofC.inchargecharge的短语与搭配1.havechargeofsth[sb]负责照顾或管理某物或某人。如：Hehaschargeofthebranch.他主管分店。Doctorshavechargeofsickpeople.医生负责照顾病人。42.inchargeof负责管理，主管。如：MrSmithisinchargeofthefactory.史密斯先生负责管理这个工厂。Maryisinchargeofthechildren.玛丽负责照顾这些孩子。注：有时可以不出现of短语。如：Whoisinchargehere?这里谁负责?3.inthechargeof在……的管理(负责)之下。如：Thefactoryisinthechargeofmyfather.这家工厂由我父亲负责。比较：MrSmithisinchargeofourclass.＝OurclassisinthechargeofMrSmith.我们班由史密斯先生负责。注：inthechargeof中的介词in有时可换为under。如：这个婴儿由她照看。4.takechargeof管理，负责。如：Soonhewilltakechargeofthedepartment.他很快会来负责管理这个部门。Thedepartmentwasbadlyorganizeduntilshetookcharge(ofit).这个部门在她负责管理以前组织工作做得很差。5.chargesomemoneyforsth因为某事物而索取钱。如：Howmuchdoyouchargeforaroomwithabath?一间带浴室的房间要多少钱Howmuchdoyouchargeforaroom?They’llchargeatleast50dollarsfordoingit.做这工作他们至少要索50美元。注：若要指明是向谁而索，可在charge后加sb。如：Hechargedmefivedollarsforthismagazine.这本杂志他向我要了五美元。I’mnotgoingthereagain---theychargedme$2foracupofcoffee.我再也不去那里了----一杯咖啡就要了我一美元。6.chargesbwithsth.指控某人做某事，因为某事而控告某人。如：Shechargedhimwithcheating.她告他进行欺骗。Thepolicearegoingtochargehimwithmurder.警方准备控告他谋杀罪。注：该结构常用于被动语态形式。如：Hewaschargedwithstealing.他被指控偷盗。9.admissionadmission[]n.1.(学校,会场,俱乐部等的)进入许可,加入许可[U][C][(+to/into)]Shehasthequalificationsforadmissiontothecollege.她具备进入该学院的条件。samhasgainedadmissiontoafamousuniversity.admitto是固定用法.转化成名词就是admissiontogainadmissionto获准进入2.入场费[U];入场券,门票[C]3.承认,坦白[C][(+of)][+that]Hemadeanadmissionthathehadusedthreateningbehavior.他承认用了恐吓手段。4.任用,录用[U]10.profit5profit[]n.1.利润,盈利;收益,红利[C][U]HemadeaprofitoffiftythousandUSdollarsonhishouse.他卖掉房子获利五万美元。2.利益,益处;得益[U]Wegainedalotofprofitfromyouradvice.我们从你的建议中获益匪浅。vt.1.有益于Tellinglieswon'tprofityou.撒谎对你无益。vi.1.有益,有利2.得益,获益[(+by/from)]Helearnedtoprofitbyhismistakes.他学会了从自己的错误中获益。Weprofitfromtheworkofthespecialist.我们从专家的工作中得到益处。辨析词语benefit和profit:profit获益多为与金钱有关的而benefit获益与金钱经验教训都有关两者可以通用11.souvenirsouvenir[]n.1.纪念品,纪念物[C]Shespentthemorningbuyingsouvenirs.她上午去买纪念品了。12.involveinvolve[]vt.[W]1.使卷入,连累;牵涉[(+in/with)]That'snoconcernofmine.I'mnotinvolved.那与我无关,我未卷入。Don'tinvolvemeinyourquarrel!不要把我牵扯进你们的争吵中!2.需要,包含,意味着[(+in)][+v-ing]Hisworkinvolvesoccasionaljourneys.他的工作偶尔需要出差旅行。3.使专注,使忙于[(+in)]Hewasinvolvedinwritinghisdoctoraldissertation.他在聚精会神地写他的博士论文。involve的词组有这些:involvedoingsth或者involveindoingsth需要;包含beinvolvedin介入;卷入involvesb.insth.使某人介入/卷入/参加某事include和contain用法辨析？6作为我的经验，一般辨析词义与其听别人用汉语解释到不如自己看英文解释体会来得快，来的清晰，来得准确include:havesb/sthaspartofawholecontain:haveorholdsthwith