11-16exercise(翻译理论与实践)

ALondoner’sHolidayWilliamHaleWhiteOneSundaywedetermineduponaholiday.Itwasabold(大胆的)adventureforus,butwehadmadeupourminds.Therewasanexcursion(短途旅行)traintoHastings,andaccordinglyEllen,Marie,andmyselfwereatLondonBridgeStationearlyinthemorning.Itwasalovelysummer’sdayinmid-July.Thejourneydownwasuncomfortableenoughinconsequenceoftheheatanddust,butweheededneitheronenortheotherinthehopeofseeingthesea.WereachedHastingsatabouteleveno’clock,andstrolled(漫步)westwardstowardsBexhill(贝克斯希尔).Ourpleasurewasexquisite.Whocantell,savetheimprisonedLondoner,thejoyofwalkingonthecleansea-sand!Whatadelightthatwas,tosaynothingofthebeautyofthescenery!TobefreeofthelitterandfilthofaLondonsuburb,ofitsbrokenhedges,itsbrickbats(碎砖),itstornadvertisements,itswornandtrampledgrassinfieldshalfgivenovertothespeculativebuilder:inplaceofthis,totread(踏踩)theimmaculate(完美的;洁净的)shoreoverwhichbreathedawindnotchargedwithsoot;toreplacethedull,shrouding(覆盖)obscurity(朦胧)ofthesmokebyadistancesodistinctthatthemastsoftheshipswhosehulls(船体)wereburiedbelowthehorizonwerevisible—allthiswasperfectbliss(极乐;天赐的福).Itwasnotverypoeticbliss,perhaps;butneverthelessitisthefactthatthecleannessoftheseaandtheseaairwasattractivetousasanyoftheseaattributes.Wehadawonderfultime.Onlyinthecountryisitpossibletonotethechangeofmorningintomid-day,ofmid-dayintoafternoon,andofafternoonintoevening;anditisonlyinthecountry,therefore,adayseemsstretchedoutintoitsproperlength.Wehadbroughtallourfoodwithus,andsatupontheshoreintheshadowofapieceofthecliff.Arowofheavywhitecloudslayalongthehorizonalmostunchangeableandimmovable,withtheirsummit-linesandthepartofthemassjustbelowthemsteepedinsunlight.Thelevelofopaline(乳白色的)waterdifferedonlyfromafloorbyascarcelyperceptibleheavingmotion,whichbrokeintothefaintestofripplesatourfeet.Sostillwasthegreatocean,soquietlydideverythinglieinit,thatthewaveletswhichlickedthebeachwereaspureandbrightasiftheywereapartofthemid-oceandepths.Aboutamilefromus,atoneo’clock,alongrowofporpoises(海豚)appeared,showingthemselvesingracefulcurvesforhalf-an-hourorso,tilltheywentoutfarthertoseaoffFairlight.Somefishing-boatswerebecalmed(因无风而使停航)justinfrontus.Theirshadowsslept,oralmostslept,uponthewater,agentlequiveringaloneshowingthatitwasnotcompletedeep,orifsleep,thatitwassleepwithdreams.Theintensityofthesunlightsharpenedtheoutlinesofeverylittlepieceofrock,andofthepebbles(鹅软石),inamannerwhichseemedsupernaturaltousLondoners.InLondonwegettheheatofthesun,butnothislight,andtheseparationofindividualpartsintosuchvividisolationwassosurprisingthatevenMarienoticesit,andsaidit“allseemedasifshewaslookingthroughaglass”.Itwasperfect—perfectinitsbeauty—andperfectbecause,fromthesunintheheavensdowntotheflywithburnishedwingsonthehotrock,therewasnothingoutofharmony.Everythingbreathedonespirit.Marieplayednearus;EllenandIsatstill,doingnothing.Wewantednothing,wehadnothingtoachieve;therewasnocuriositiestobeseen,therewasnoparticularplacetobereached,no“planofoperations”,andLondonwasforgottenforthetime.Itlaybehindusinthenorthwest,andthecliffwasatthebackofusshuttingoutallthoughtofit.Noreminiscences(回忆)andnoanticipationdisturbedus;thepresentwassufficient,andoccupiedustotally.假日记游威廉·海尔·怀特某礼拜日我们决定出游。这事在我们颇是一番壮举，但是我们决心不变。那天适有游览车通往哈斯丁斯，于是埃伦、玛丽和我自己一清早即去了伦敦桥车站。那是七月中旬的一个可爱的夏日。由于天气炎热，尘土飞扬，一路上并不舒服，但是我们对此也并不在意，一心只盼看到大海。我们抵达哈斯丁斯时为十一点左右，于是漫步向西，前去白克希尔。此行之乐，可谓妙极。散步于清浅的沙滩之上—此中的快乐，除了久伏不出伦敦蛰居者外，又有谁知！景色之佳姑且不说，仅仅能到海边已是多么欣快！伦敦郊外的垃圾污秽、断篱残砖、破烂招贴、乃至半由投机营造人侵占践踏的大片草地，至此都一概抛在脑后：而代之以光洁无暇的岸滩，步履其上，清风习习，不杂一丝烟气；这里再不是烟尘笼罩，晦暝凄其，而是天明气清，一望无际，沉埋在远处地平线下的船只，桅樯矗立，历历可见—看到这一切真是很大的幸福。也许这还够不上诗意般的幸福；然而这里的海天之清，至少也和海上的种种同样诱人一点，则也是个事实，因而可说不虚此行。一天之间，自朝至午，自午至暮，其间的递嬗变化，惟有乡居才最能觉察，因此一天的时间在这里才显示出它的真正长度。我们携带着食物，坐卧在滩头悬崖的阴影之下，一团凝重的白色阵云低垂在水天之际，迄不稍动，云的顶端和下面的一部分都沉浸在阳光之中。坦荡乳白的水面，如若不是处于几乎难辨的喘动，简直如席地一般，在我们的脚下碎作丝丝涟漪。大海是那么沉着，海中的一切又是那么寂静无哗，拂激着海滩的细浪微波显得更加纯净潋滟，宛如出自远洋深底一般。午后一时许，离我们可一哩处，一长队海豚浮水面，翻舞嬉戏，颇为好看，半小时后才远过费尔莱特，向深海游去。眼前不远，渔舟三五，凝滞不前，樯影斜映水上，仿佛睡去，偶尔微见颤动，似又未尝熟睡，恍若惊梦。天上晴光炽烈，灼灼之下，砾岩卵石，纹理悉见，这在我们伦敦人看来，几非尘世所有。伦敦的太阳只授予人热而不授予人光，光热分离，竟到了如此程度，就连玛丽都察觉到了，所以她说，那里一切仿佛尽是“镜中窥物”。而这里一切无不完美，这完美不仅见于景物的佳妍，还来自许多东西，上自天端的丽日，下至岩上金蝇的微羽毛，无一不觉得和谐。万类噫气，其魂则一。玛丽嬉游在一旁；埃伦与我则默坐其地，一事不做。此时我们与物无求，于愿无期；无珍奇瑰丽的事物可观，无特殊的佳胜之境要去，无“行动计划”须待执行，而伦敦乃得暂时去怀。它坐落在我们的西北，背后有悬崖阻隔，足使我们对之屏虑。往事未来，两不相扰；眼前之景，于我已足，其余则无暇葸葸过虑了。--高健译文赏析:从本游记的题目ALondoner'sHoliday译文作者将其翻译成假日游记是作者根据上下文得出的概括性的标题。或许有人会将其翻译成一个伦敦人的假日作者简洁明了的用四个字将其译出,译者翻译的恰到好处。体现了PeterNewmark的theroleofcontext中的观点。Thetranslatorindeedhastobeawareofallthevarietiesofcourse.Contextisomnipresent.Translatorshouldusemoregeneralwordsintheinterestsofclarity,simplicityandsometimesbrevity,whichmakeshim'omit'totranslatewordsaltogether.SL作者使用了许多描写性形容词和动词将动作和事物描写的生动形象如bold(大胆的)adventure，immaculate(完美的;洁净的)，lovelysummer’sday，opaline(乳白色的)water等形容词；动词strolled(漫步)，tread(踏踩)，shrouding(覆盖)等等。而译文作者将这些词修饰的成份中的名词通过四字词语使用更是巧妙和独具匠心。如译文作者使用的四字词语有：垃圾污秽、断篱残砖、破烂招贴描写伦敦郊区的,“光洁无暇的岸滩，步履其上，清风习习，不杂一丝烟气海边的”,翻舞嬉戏，颇为好看,描写海豚的四字词语这些充分显示了译者高湛的翻译水平不是一般译员所能及的。他不是只将SL的文章简单的通过wordforword翻译出来而是更加注重翻译文学色彩。与原文对应的：WereachedHastingsatabouteleveno’clock,andstrolled(漫步)westwardstowardsBexhill(贝克斯希尔).TobefreeofthelitterandfilthofaLondo