120敞口油桶搬运车---整体结构设计

敞口油桶运输车1敞口油桶搬运车摘要介绍一种敞口油桶搬运车的结构、工作原理、设计原理。现有的油桶搬运车仅适用于搬运闭口油桶，它是通过卡钩卡住上盖和桶边进行吊装，这种吊装油桶搬运机对敞口油桶无法进行吊装运输。敞口油桶是一种上口无盖的油桶，广泛适用于化工、冶金等生产领域中。其内通常都装有高温液体和腐蚀性液体，搬运困难，目前敞口油桶的搬运通常是油桶置于小平板推车上进行的，工作很不可靠，往往会造成内装物溅出而伤人及浪费原料等生产事故。现根据实际生产需要，采用液压运输车，只需一个人操作，省力、速度又快，摆放整齐、，原4-5人，年花费工资为7-8万，现一个人只要2万，年节约6万左右，车轮只需0.4万，而且经用3年也不会损坏，坏了只需要换几个轮子及一些液压元件，总共不超过0.03万元，经济效率特别的高。关键词：油桶搬运车液压技术节约成本敞口油桶运输车2ThedevelopmentofopenjerricantransportationmachineAbstractTheexposureofatankcarcarryingthestructure,workingprinciple,designprinciples.Removalofexistingtankcarscarryingonlyappliestoclosedtank,hookitthroughthecardstucktothesuperstructureandbarrelswhilelifting,theliftingoftheoildrumhandlerexposurecannotbeliftingthetransporttank.Exposuretankisacatchycoveroftheoildrums,widelyusedinchemical,metallurgicalandotherproductionareas.Usuallyequippedwithitshigh-temperatureliquidsandcorrosiveliquids,handlingdifficulties,thecurrentexposureisusuallyremovaltankoildrumplacedonasmallflatpanelcarts,andworkveryreliable,oftencausedbyspillcontentswoundingandawasteofrawmaterialsandotherproductionaccidents.Isbasedontheactualproductionneeds,theuseofhydraulicvehicles,justonepersonoperation,energy,speedfast,neatdisplay,theoriginal4-5,and7-8yearsforthecostofwagesmillion,isapersonwhohasonly20,000annualsavingsofabout60,000,04,000wheelsonly,butalsobytheuseof3yearswillnotbedamaged,brokenonlychangedafewwheelsandanumberofhydrauliccomponents,atotalofnotmorethan00,300yuan,inparticularthehigheconomicefficiency.Keywords:OildrumsTruckHydraulicTechnologyCostsavings敞口油桶运输车3目录1绪论......................................................................41.1引言..................................................................42总体方案及工作原理........................................................42.1总体结构..............................................................42.2工作原理..............................................................53机架的设计................................................................53.1机架的材料和制造方法可以分为..........................................63.1.1金属机架...........................................................63.1.2非金属机架........................................................63.2机架的设计............................................................63.2.1槽钢的选用.........................................................63.2.2角钢的选用.........................................................74滚动轴承的选用............................................................74.1滚动轴承的主要分类....................................................74.2对滚动轴承材料的选用..................................................84.3滚动轴承的预紧........................................................84.4滚动轴承的润滑........................................................84.5滚动轴承的密封........................................................94.6轴承的安装与拆卸......................................................94.7经济性要求............................................................95滚轮及滚轮轴的选用.......................................................105.1滚轮的选用...........................................................105.2滚轮轴的选用.........................................................115.3配合种类的选用........................................错误!未定义书签。5.3.1根据使用要求确定配合的类型........................................125.3.2类比法选择要考虑的因素............................................125.4滚轮及滚轮轴配合的计算................................错误!未定义书签。6前腿的选用................................................错误!未定义书签。6.1前腿长度的确定........................................错误!未定义书签。6.2肋板的设计............................................错误!未定义书签。6.3贴板的设计............................................错误!未定义书签。7吊架的设计................................................错误!未定义书签。8夹杆座管许用应力校核......................................错误!未定义书签。9夹杆的设计................................................错误!未定义书签。10焊接....................................................................1710.1焊接的定义..........................................................1710.2焊接用的气体........................................................1710.3焊条的选用..........................................................1710.4焊前预热的目的......................................................1710.5焊蕊................................................................1710.6药皮................................................................1710.7焊接用的电流........................................................1710.8焊接根据钢分类可以分为不同的焊接....................................18参考文献...................................................................20致谢.......................................................错误!未定义书签。敞口油桶运输车41绪论1.1引言现有油桶搬运机仅适用于搬运封闭油桶，他是通过卡钩卡住上盖和桶边进行吊装，这种吊装油桶搬运机对敞口油桶无法进行吊装运输。敞口油桶是一种上口无盖的油桶，广泛用于化工、冶金等生产领域中。其内通常都装有高温液体或腐蚀性液体，搬运困难，目前，敞口油桶的搬运通常是油桶置于小平板推车上进行搬运的，工作很不可靠，往往会造成内装物溅出而伤人及浪费原料等生产事故。现根据生产实际的功能要求，采用液压技术，研制了一种结构简单，成本低廉的敞口油桶搬运机，，并已在江西星火化工厂投入使用，一年多生产应用实践证明，该机构操纵灵活、动作准确、性能可靠、生产效率高。2总体方案及工作原理总体方案确定的依据：完成敞口油桶的搬运，保证桶内的高温液体或腐蚀性液体不往外溅出。既可以节约成本，而且不会造成桶内装物溅出而伤人及浪费原料等生产事故。2.1总体结构该机构主要有槽钢、角钢、固定板、肋板、夹杆、座管、中心板、推力板、推力板弧、转向轮、前轮、转向支承板、转向支承坐固定板、贴板等组成（图1-1）。主要技术经济指标为：（1）：拟定油桶直径为580mm，油桶高度1000mm;（2）：油桶及胶