2010年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题

12010年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题SectionIUseofEnglishDnecclious:Readthcfollowingtext．Choosethebcslword(s)foreachnumbcredblank．andmark[A]，[B]，[C]or[D]onANSWERSHEET1.(10points)In1924American'NationalResearchCouncilsenttoengineertosuperviseaseriesofexperimentsatatelephone-partsfactorycalledtheHawhtorePlantnearChicagoIthopedtheywouldlearnhowstop-floorEgnting__1__workorsproductivityInstead，thestudiesended__2__givingtheirnametothe“Hawhthomeeffect”theextremelyinflentlcelldeatheveey__3__tobemgexpenmenteduponchangedsubjects’behaviorTheideaarosebecauseofthe__4__behaviorofthewomenintheplato．Accordmgto__5__ofthecxpetmems．their．houriyoutputrosewhenhghtmgWaSincreased．butalsowhenitwasdimmed.Itdidnot__6__whatwasdoneintheexpenment.__7__sometmgwaschanged．produchntyroseA(n)__8__thattheywerebemgexperimenteduponseemedtobe__9__t0alterworkers'bchamor__10__uselfAfterseveraldecades，thesaliledatawere__11__toeconometrictheanalysisHawthorneexperimentshasanothersurprisestorej2一thedescnpuonsonrecord，nosystematic__13__wasfoundthatlcvclsofproduchxntywererelatedtochangesinlightingItturnsoutthatpeculiarwayofconductingthec~enmentsmaybehaveletto__14__interpretationofwhathapped．__15__，tighringwasalwayschangedonaSundayWhenworkstartedagainonMonday,output__16__rosecomparedwiththepreviousSaturdayand__17__toriseforthenextcoupleofdays__18__,，acomparisonwithdataforweekswhentherewasnoexpenmentationshowedthatoutputalwayswentupOnMonday,workers__19__tobeduigentforthefirstfewdaysoftheweekinanycase，before__21__aplateauandthenslackeningoffThissuggeststhatthealleged”Hawthorneeffect“ishardtoptndown1.[A]affected[B]achieved[C]exlracted[D]restored2[A]at[B]up[C]with[D]Off3[A]Wuth[B]sight[C]act[D]proof4．[A]conVoversial[B]perplexing[c]mischieous[D]ambiguous5．[A]reqtttrents[B]cxplanalions[C]accounts[D]assements6[A]conclude[B]matter[C]indicate[D]work7[A]asfaras[B]forfearthat[C]incasethat[D]solongas8．[A]awarerress[B]expectation[C]sentiment[D]illusion9．[A]suitale[B]excessive[C]enough[D]abundant10．[A]about[B]for[C]on[D]by11[A]compared[B]shown[C]subjected[D]conveyed12.[A]contraryto[B]consistentwith[C]parallelwith[D]pealliarto13.[A]evidence[B]guidance[C]implication[D]source14.[A]disputable[B]enlightening[C]retiable[D]wasleadmg15.[A]Incontast[B]Forexample[C]Inconsequence[D]Asusual16．[A]duly[B]accidentally[C]unpredictably[D]suddenly17．[A]failed[B]ceased[C]started[D]continued20.[A]breaking[B]chrnbing[C]surpassmg[D]hiting2SectionⅡReadingComprehensionPartADirections：Readthefollowingfourtexts．Answerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosing[A]，[B]，[C]or[D]．MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1．(40points)Text2Overthepastdecade,thousandsofpatentshaveseengranledforwhatarecalledbusinessmethods．Amazoncomreceivedoneforits“one-click”onlinepaymentsysternMerrillLynchgotlegalprotectionforanassetallocationstrategy．OneinvenlorpatentedatochniqueforlyingaboxNowthenation’stoppatentcourtappearscompletelyreadytoscalehackonbusiness-methodpatents,whichhavebeencontroversiale,versincetheywerefirstauthorized10yearsagoInamovethathasintellectual-propertylawyersabuzztheU.ScourtofAppealsforthefederalctrcuitsalditwoulduseaparticularcasetOconductabroadreviewofbusiness-methodpatents.InreBijskl,asthecaseisknown,is“averybigdeal”,saysDermis'DCrouchoftheUniversityofMissounSchooloflaw．It“hasthepotentialtoelinateanentireclassofpatmts”Curbsonbusiness-methodclaimswouldbeadramaticabout-facebecauseitwasthefederalcircuititselfthatintroducedsuchpatentswithis1998decisionintheso-calledstateStreetBankcase,approvingapatentonawayofpoolingmutual-fundassets.Thatrulingproducedanexplosioninbusiness-methodpatentfilings,initiallybyemerginginternetcompaniestryingtostakeoutexclusivepinhtstospecifictypesofonlinetransactions.Later,moveestablishedcompaniesracedtoaddsuchpatentstotheirfiles,ifonlyasadefensivemoveagainstrivalsthatmightbentthemtothepunch.In2005,IBMnotedinacourtfilingthatithadbeenissuedmorethan300business-methodpatentsdespitethafactthatitquestionedthelegalbasisforgrantingthem.Similarly,someWallStreetinvestmentfilmsarmedthemselveswithpatentsforfinancialproducts,evenastheytookpositionsincourtcasesopposingthepractice.TheBilskicaseinvolvesaclaimedpatentonamethodforhedgingriskintheenergymarket.TheFederalcircuitissuedanunusualorderstatingthatthecasewouldbeheardbyall12ofthecourt’sjudges,ratherthanatypicalpanelofthree,andthatoneissueitwantstoevalusteiswetheritshould“reconsider”itsstatestreetBankruling.TheFederalCircuit’sactioncomesinthewakeofaseriesofrecentdecisionsbythesupreme.Countthathasnurrowedthescopeofprotectionsforpatentholders.LastApril,forexamplethejusticessignaledthattoomanypatentswerebeingupheldfor“inventions”thatareobvious.ThejudgesontheFederalcircuitare“reactiontotheanti_patenttrendatthesupremecourt”saysHaroleCwegner,apartendattorneyandprofessorataeorgeWashingtonUniversityLawSchool.26.Business-methodpatentshaverecentlyarousedconcernbecauseof[A]theirlimitedvaluetobusiness[B]theirconnectionwithassetallocation[C]thepossiblerestrictionontheirgranting[D]thecontroversyoverauthorization27.WhichofthefollowingistrueoftheBilskicase?[A]Itsrullingcompli