新概念英语3-Lesson-13

Lesson13‘It’sonlyme’HappyHalloweenIWarmupDoyouthinkthesepicturesarebeautiful?Aretheyfrightening?Whatkindofpartymaythisbe?(Thefancy-dressparty.)Whatkindoffestivalmayitbe?(TheHalloween.October31,celebratedintheUnitedStates,Canada,andtheBritishIslesbychildrengoingdoortodoorwhilewearingcostumesandbeggingtreatsandplayingpranks.诸圣日前夕，万圣节前夕10月31日，在美国、加拿大以及英伦诸岛的孩子们穿着化装服走家串户接受款待并且做些恶作剧以庆祝这个节日)HalloweenHalloweenisoneoftheworld’soldestholidays,celebratedinseveralcountriesaroundtheworldincludingtheUSA,Canada,England,Ireland,Scotland,Mexico,LatinAmerica,andSpain.TheCelticpeopleslivedover2,000yearsagoIntheplacethatisnowIreland,theUnitedKingdom,andNorthernFrance.Halloween’soriginsdatebacktotheancientCelticfestivalofSamhain([sow-in]).FortheCelticpeoples,theNewYearwascelebratedonNovember1stofeveryyear.ThisdatemarkedtheendofSummerandthebeginningofWinter.Andthistimeofyearoftenassociatedwithhumandeath.ActivitiesTheywearcostumes.Theyplaytrick-o’-treat.Theyplaypinata.Theywatchscarymovies.Theyvisithauntedhouses.◆costumen.化装服◆consistv.由…组成◆sheetn.◆effectiveadj.有明显效果的，有作用的◆comfortableadj.舒适的◆storeroomn.储藏室◆electricityn.电◆metren.电表◆pacen.一步◆fleev.逃走◆slamv.砰地关上IINewwords&Expressions1.costumecostume戏装；化装服；服装式样；e.g.academiccostume学位服costumeball化装舞会costumeplay古装戏nationalcostume民族服装uniform制服；军服eg.schooluniform校服policeuniform警服2.consistconsistvi.(1)tobemadeuporcomposed由…构成，被组成或构成：Bodyconsistsofparts.eg.NewYorkCityconsistsoffiveboroughs.纽约市由五个行政区组成TheUnitedKingdomconsistsofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland.联合王国包括大不列颠与北爱尔兰。Hisjobconsistsofhelpingoldpeoplewholivealone.他的工作包括帮助无人照顾的独居老人。2.consistconsistvi.(2)tohaveabasis;resideorlie在于或存在,有一个基础Phrase:consistineg.Thebeautyoftheartist’sstyleconsistsinitssimplicity.这位艺术家的风格上的美在于它的简朴Thebeautyoftheplanconsistsinitssimplicity.这个计划妙就妙在简明扼要。(3)tobecompatible;accord调和的；符合：Phrase:consistwitheg.Theinformationconsistswithheraccount.这消息与她的描述是一致的Theoryshouldconsistwithpractice.理论应与实践相一致。2.comprise,compose,constitute表示“组成”的意思还可以用comprise,becomposedof,constitute。comprisev.(1)toconsistof;becomposedof;toincludeorcontain由…构成/组成;包含,包括(fml.)e.g.Thecommitteecomprisesfivepersons.该委员会由五人组成。Theunioncomprises(iscomprisedof)50states.联邦由50个州组成Thehousecomprisestenrooms.(2)tocompose;constitute组成；构成(infml.)e.g.FiftystatescomprisetheUnion.50个州组成联邦。TwentychapterscompriseBookOne.第一卷有二十章。composevt.tomakeuptheconstituentpartsof;constituteorform(由各部分)组成,构成,形成Bodyiscomposedofparts./Partscomposebody.e.g.England,ScotlandandWalescomposetheislandofGreatBritain.英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士构成大不列颠岛。Concreteiscomposedofcement,sandandgravelmixedwithwater.混凝土由水泥、砂、石子与水掺和而构成。Wateriscomposedofhydrogenandoxygen.水是由氢和氧组成的。2.comprise,compose,constituteconstitutevt.tobetheelementsorpartsof;compose构成(…的部分或成分)；组成Partsconstitutebody.Bodyisconstitutedofparts.e.g.Sevendaysconstituteaweek.Twelvemonthsconstituteayear.七天构成一个星期。十二个月构成一年。England,Wales,Scotland,andNorthernIrelandconstitutetheUnitedkingdom.=TheUnitedkingdomisconstitutedofEngland,Wales,Scotland,andNorthernIreland.英格兰、威尔士、苏格兰和北爱尔兰组成联合王国。Correctgrammarandsentencestructuredonotinthemselvesconstitutegoodwriting.正确的语法和句子结构本身并不能构成一篇好文章。2.comprise,compose,constitute3.effectiveeffectiveadj.(usu.ofthings,sometimesofpeople)havinganintendedorexpectedeffect;operative;ineffect（多指物，偶尔指人）有效的,具有预期或先见效果的;有效的实施中；生效的e.g.aneffectivemethod有效方法aneffectiveleader一位得力领导takeeffectivemeasures采取有效措施Afterthegovernmenthadtakensomeeffectivemeasures,pricesbegantoleveloff.政府采取了一些有效措施后,物价开始稳定了。Thelawiseffectiveimmediately.这项法律立即生效。Themedicineisaneffectivecureforaheadache.这种药治头痛有很好的疗效。3.effective近义词：efficientefficientadj.(ofpeople)abletoworkwell,capable（指人）高效的,能胜任的，有能力的（esp.oftools,machines,systems,etc.)exhibitingahighratioofoutputtoinput（尤指工具、机器、系统等）有效力的，功效大的，产出与投入比值高的e.g.anefficientsecretary能干的秘书anefficientmanager称职的经理efficientmethods经济而有效的方法Thisnewcopymachineismoreefficientthantheoldone.这台新复印机比那台旧的效率高。4.comfortablecomfortableadj.舒适的,舒服的反义词：uncomfortable同根词：comfortn.舒适adj.安慰e.g.takecomfortinbeofgoodcomfort放心，振作起來coldcomfort不起作用的安慰comfortstation公共厕所discomfortn.不舒适,不安,不方便,vt.使……不舒服(不安),使苦恼,使不便e.g.Inspiteofdiscomfortsheisdeterminedtostayhere.shewasdiscomfortedbyabadcold.5.fleeflee(fledfled)vt.vi.(1)torunaway(from),asfromtroubleordanger:(从…)逃跑,从困难或险境中逃跑eg.Thedriverfledthesceneoftheaccident.司机从肇事地点逃跑了。Theenemyfledindisorder.敌人溃逃了。Theprisonerfledfromtheprisonintothenight.囚犯从监狱逃到茫茫黑夜中。Thecatfledfromthedog.猫从狗那里逃走了。(2)Topassswiftlyaway;vanish飞逝,迅速消失；消亡,消散eg.Colorfledfromhercheeks.红晕从她的双颊上消失了。5.flee近义词：escapevt.vi.(1)tobreakloosefromconfinement;getfree(from);tToavoidcapture,danger,orharm逃走，逃脱监禁；得到自由;逃避,逃脱捕获、危险或伤害e.g.Henarrowlyescapeddeath.他九死一生。Nothingescapedhisattention.什么也逃不过他的注意。Tenprisonershadescaped(fromtheprison).十个罪犯越狱而逃。(2)toissuefromconfinementoranenclosure;leakorseepout漏出,渗漏或泄露,从限制和环绕中流出来，(不自觉地）由…发出：e.g.Gaswasescaping.煤气漏出来。Asighescapedmylips.我不禁叹了口气。6.slamslamvt.vi.(1)bang,toshutwithforceandloudnoise砰然关上,用力关并发出很大的声音eg.Heslammedthedoor.他砰地一下关上了门。Thedoorslammed.(2)toput,throw,orotherwiseforcefullymovesoastoproducea