CDMA数字蜂窝移动通信

3.13.23.33.4CDMA3.5CDMA3.6CDMA3.7CDMA3.11.CDMA2080,,GSM,GSMCDMAFDMAGSMTDMA,CDMA(CodeDivisionMultipleAccess),——,,,3IS95AIS99IS657IS-95BIS-95HDRIS-95CCDMA20001XRTTCDMA20003XRTTCDMA2000CDMAOne3-1CDMACDMA,3GCDMA(3-1):IS-95CDMAOne,CDMAIS-95A,8K13KTSB74,1.9GHzCDMAPCSSTD-008,13K,1998,IS-95BCDMAIS-95BCDMA,,64kb/s,CDMA2000CDMACDMA2000,1X3X,,1X1X2.CDMACDMA,,1993863CDMA19941998,14CDMA,19994,CWTS,CWTSWG4CDMA,CDMA,,TD-CDMA,199911,,3.2,GSM,CDMACDMA,4.4,,CDMA“”,,CDMACDMA,,,,,CDMA,,CDMA(SSMA,SpreadSpectrumMultipleAccess),,,,3.33.3.11.,,,,2.,(SpreadSpectrumCommunication),(),,,CDMA:CDMA,CDMA:1)2)3)3.,:(1);(2)4.3-2,,,,,,,—,,,,3-25.3-3,,NetMeetingNetMeetingRS-232,RS-232,,,();,,,,,RS232RS2323-3()6.1),2),3),4)5),3-43.3.2:(1)(Shannon)⎟⎠⎞⎜⎝⎛+=NPWC1b1,C(bit/s),W(Hz),P(W),N(W)C,WP/N,(P/N),,,,,(2)⎟⎟⎠⎞⎜⎜⎝⎛≈0owjNEfP,Powj,E(J),N0(W/Hz)TEP=(T)NWN0(W)TF1=∆⎟⎠⎞⎜⎝⎛⋅=⎟⎠⎞⎜⎝⎛⋅⋅≈FWNPfNWPTfP∆owj,:(P/N),(W)(F),,,,100,1000,,3.3.31.Gp,(SpreadingGain),WF,FWGp∆=,,F,W,Gp,(dB),Gp10lg(WF),Gp,,,2.,,Mj=Gp-(S/N)out+Ls,Mj;Gp(S/N)outLs,35dB10-5(S/N)out10dB,Ls3dB,Mj35-(10+3)22dB,22dB,,(-22dB),,3.3.4,CDMACDMACDMA,CDMA(DS)(FH)(TH)CDMADS/FHDS/THFH/TH,3-5DSTHFHCDMACDMADS/FHDS/THFH/THDS/FH/THTDMA/CDMAMC-CDMAMT-CDMACDMA3-5CDMA1.(DSSSDS,DirectSequenceSpreadSpectrum)1),,,,,2)m(t)cos(ω0tϕ)u(t)p(t)s(t)cos(ωrtϕ)r(t)cosω0tq(t)p(t)y(t))(ˆtr)(ˆtm0ffif0fff0f0fffr)(ˆtp3-6,m(t),u(t)cos(0t+)(),p(t),s(t)p(t)u(t),,s(t)cos(rt+),r(t),r(t),,q(t),q(t)p(t),p(t),p(t),y(t),y(t)cos0t,m(t)^^BPSKQPSKMSK,QPSK,,,,,,,,,0m(t)fff0u(t)f0fs(t)r(t)frffrf)(ˆtr(a)(b)(c)(d)(e)0f)(ˆtmf0fy(t)fp(t)f0(f)(g)(h)3-7,m(t)(a),,f0((b)),s(t)((c)),s(t),,fr((d)),r(t)((e)),r(t),f0,,((f)),,y(t),y(t)((g)),,m(t),,,,,,,,,,,,,,4)(1),,;,,,(2),,;,,(3),,(),(4),,,,(5)(),,(6),,,(7):(8),,()(),(9)()(),,(10)(chip),,,2.(FH,FrequencyHopping)1),,,(),,,,,,2FSK,,,,,,,,,2)(a)(b)3-8(a)(b),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,3),,,,“”“”,,,,(a)(b)3-9(a);(b)3-10stf:(1),,(2),(3),,,4),,,,;(Td);(Th)3-11tf3f2f1TdTh3-11,,1/81/10500,Th2ms,0.2ms3-12,,,,,f3-125)(1),,,1.5MHz3MHz;,30MHz80MHz(2),,100(3),,,100,500(4)(),(),,10(5)/,/,,,,,,,,,,6):(1),,(2),,,(3),(4),,(5),,,(6),,,:(1)(2)(3)3.(TH,TimeHopping)1),,(n),,,,,(1/n),,2)3-13,,-,,,-,,,—(a)—(b)3-13(a);(b)3),,,,4.,,,,,,,,,64Kb,5Mb/s,3Mb,,CDMA5.,,,,,,,,,,:,,,,,,,1000MHz,500Mchip/s,,25kHz,4,1000MHz4/,5Mchip/s,10MHz,100,:/(DS/FH)/(DS/TH)//(DS/FH/TH),1)/(DS/FH)3-1f1,f3,f2,f8,…(a)f1,f3,f2,f8,…(b)8231,,,ffff′′′′…3-14/(a);(b),f1,f3,f2,f8,…,,,,/,/,“”“”,L,,,,'8'2'3'1ffff,/3-143-15,DSf1,f3,f2,f8,…,,,ffff/f1f2f3f4f5f6f7f8f9f10f11f123-15/,,/GDS,GFH,3-15,/GDS/FHGDS/FHGDS·GFHdB,/GDS/FH(dB)GDS/FH(dB)GDS(dB)+GFH(dB),GDS40dB,GFH13dB,GDS/FH53dB2)/(DS/TH)…THDS/THDS(a)DS/THTH(b)…3-16DS/TH(a);(b)3)//(DS/FH/TH),//,,,3.4CDMA3.4.1CDMAGSM,,3-17(MSC)(HLR)(VLR)(AUC)(MC)(SME)(EIR)(OMC)(CBSC)(BTS)//VEPSTNISDNAAbis//U3-17CDMA3.4.2OMCOVLRMSUmBSEIRMSCMSCIWFPSTNAFELAiCHLRMCACSMEPNMHD3-18CDMA:Um()800MHzCDMATIAEIAIS-95A--A800MHzCDMAAEIATIAIS-634,BCDENP800MHzCDMATIAEIAIS-41C-MAPIS-41C,IS-41C51(OPERATION)19,Ai800MHzCDMAPSTNMTUPMTUPNo.7,MTUPNNCSSBANUCHGFOTRAN,4:SAM,SAO,CCLSLB3.4.31.CDMA3,3-19();,;MSC,MSC23TMSC1TMSC1TMSC2TMSC2MSCMSCTMSC1TMSC2TMSC2MSCMSC3-19CDMA2.,,TUP,MAPCDMA,:HSTPLSTPSPHSTPHSTPLSTPLSTPHSTPSPSTP,73.4.4CDMA,,CDMAGSMSIM,CDMASIM,CDMAUIM(UserIdentityModel)UIM3GPP2(2)CDMAUIM:(1)(IMSI)CDMA(2)CDMA(HLR),UIM,(3),((SID)(NID))3.4.51.(DN,DialingNumber)DN,DNHLR,1286,,133,132CDMAGSMDN2.(IMSI,InternationalMobileSubscriberIdentityNumber)(MIN,MobileIdentityNumber)IMSICDMA,(MSIN),15460,03MINCDMAAMPSAMPSMIN,3H1H2H3,H1H2H3,H1H2H3HLR3.(ESN,ElectronicSeriesNumber)ESN32,,AMAPESN4.(SID,SystemIdentityNumber)(NID,NetworkIdentityNumber)SIDCDMASIDNID,MSCSIDNID3.5CDMA3.5.1CDMA,,,,:(1);(2);(3);(4);(5),,,:dttffTTTa)()(1)(2/2/τττϕ−=∫−,f(t),,f(t-)f(t)f(t)f(t-),=0,a(0)(1);,0,a()():,,(),,()PNm,3-20,P,RP,1/RP,m1(),;m,,,-1/P,,(PN),(),01tP1RP1−3-20mPN,,,,f(t)g(t),ttgtfTTTcd)()(1)(2/2/∫−−=ττϕ,,0,,0,,PN,,CDMAPN,,Walsh3.5.21.PN1)mmCDMAPN,m2,mn,P=2n-1123m23-213m3-2223-233m,m,m,,100mmm:(1)mPn,P=2n-1;(2)m“1”“0”,“1”“0”1,74“1”3“0”(3),m2n-1:R(1Rn-2)1/2R;n-11,0;n1,13-215m3-2m111101011001000(4)mDADAR+−=)(τA“0”D“1”P=A+D=2n-1⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧−=,1,1)(pRτ=0=1,2,…,(p-1)n=3,P=23-17,⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧−=,71,1)(τR=0=1,2,…,(p-1)(5)m2,m,m1110100100111020111010,,m(6)m0,m7m1110100111,110,101,010,100,001011,111(7)m,m,m:nXn/)12()(−=ΦΦ,(X)(1X),531m(31)=6m,,,,,,2)M,,,Mn,M2n3-247M,“”,M,,,,123456773-247M3)R-SmR-SR-S3-25R-S,A;B,7mAB2,7R-SR-S,,a2a1a0Aβ2Bβ1β0∑RS3-257R-S2.Walsh,,(),,,,,Walsh()2NWalsh:⎥⎥⎦⎤⎢⎢⎣⎡=⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡=⎥⎥⎦⎤⎢⎢⎣⎡==NNNNNMMMMMMMMMMM111112101111Walsh,,Walsh,Walsh,,Walsh,3.Goldm,m,R·GoldmPN,GoldGold,m,,:⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧++=++,12,12)(2121nnRτnn(4)mm2,Gold3-26(a)Gold3-26(b)5mGoldm,2m,m1212)21(3⊕(a)(b)12345123453-26Gold(a)Gold(b)5mGoldGold:(1)Gold,(2)mGold2n-1,m,,n2n1Gold,Goldm(3)Gold,3-3mGold,Goldm3-3mGold3.5.31.PN215,1.2288Mchip/s,QPSK15m215-1,“0”,215=32768chips,CDMA,PN,PN,(),512(0511)PN0PN642.WalshCDMA64Walsh,64Walsh(W0W63)64;,Walsh,664Walsh3.PN242-1,1.2288Mchip/s,CDMA,PN424223-27,PNIS-95,PN,,11x&22x2&3&4&x35&x46&x67&x78&9&1041&42&x5x8x9x40x41x4242bit……3-27(1)3-28(a)M41M33“110001111”,M32M28,M27M25(17),M24M9,M8M0CDMA(2)()(),3-28(b),“1100011