1995年考研英语阅读+翻译横版

Text1MoneyspentonadvertisingismoneyspentaswellasanyIknowof.Itservesdirectlytoassistarapiddistributionofgoodsatreasonableprices,therebyestablishingafirmhomemarketandsomakingitpossibletoprovideforexportatcompetitiveprices.Bydrawingattentiontonewideasithelpsenormouslytoraisestandardsofliving.Byhelpingtoincreasedemanditensuresanincreasedneedforlabour,andisthereforeaneffectivewaytofightunemployment.Itlowersthecostsofmanyservices:withoutadvertisementsyourdailynewspaperwouldcostfourtimesasmuch,thepriceofyourtelevisionlicensewouldneedtobedoubledandtravelbybusortubewouldcost20percentmore.Andperhapsmostimportantofall,advertisingprovidesaguaranteeofreasonablevalueintheproductsandservicesyoubuy.Apartfromthefactthattwenty-sevenActsofParliamentgovernthetermsofadvertising,noregularadvertiserdarepromoteaproductthatfailstoliveuptothepromiseofhisadvertisements.Hemightfoolsomepeopleforalittlewhilethroughmisleadingadvertising.Hewillnotdosoforlong,formercifullythepublichasthegoodsensenottobuytheinferiorarticlemorethanonce.Ifyouseeanarticleconsistentlyadvertised,itisthesurestproofIknowthatthearticledoeswhatisclaimedforit,andthatitrepresentsgoodvalue.AdvertisingdoesmoreforthematerialbenefitofthecommunitythananyotherforceIcanthinkof.ThereisonepointIfeelIoughttotouchon.RecentlyIheardawell-knowntelevisionpersonalitydeclarethathewasagainstadvertisingbecauseitpersuadesratherthaninforms.Hewasdrawingexcessivelyfinedistinctions.Ofcourseadvertisingseekstopersuade.Ifitsmessagewereconfinedmerelytoinformation--andthatinitselfwouldbedifficultifnotimpossibletoachieve,forevenadetailsuchasthechoiceofthecolourofashirtissubtlypersuasive--advertisingwouldbesoboringthatnoonewouldpayanyattention.Butperhapsthatiswhatthewell-knowntelevisionpersonalitywants.51.Bythefirstsentenceofthepassagetheauthormeansthat________.[A]heisfairlyfamiliarwiththecostofadvertising[B]everybodyknowswellthatadvertisingismoneyconsuming[C]advertisingcostsmoneylikeeverythingelse[D]itisworthwhiletospendmoneyonadvertising52.Inthepassage,whichofthefollowingisNOTincludedintheadvantagesofadvertising?[A]Securinggreaterfame.[B]Providingmorejobs.[C]Enhancinglivingstandards.[D]Reducingnewspapercost.53.Theauthordeemsthatthewell-knownTVpersonalityis________.[A]verypreciseinpassinghisjudgmentonadvertising[B]interestedinnothingbutthebuyers’attention[C]correctintellingthedifferencebetweenpersuasionandinformation[D]obviouslypartialinhisviewsonadvertising54.Intheauthor’sopinion,________.[A]advertisingcanseldombringmaterialbenefittomanbyprovidinginformation[B]advertisinginformspeopleofnewideasratherthanwinsthemover[C]thereisnothingwrongwithadvertisinginpersuadingthebuyer[D]thebuyerisnotinterestedingettinginformationfromanadvertisementText2Therearetwobasicwaystoseegrowth:oneasaproduct,theotherasaprocess.Peoplehavegenerallyviewedpersonalgrowthasanexternalresultorproductthatcaneasilybeidentifiedandmeasured.Theworkerwhogetsapromotion,thestudentwhosegradesimprove,theforeignerwholearnsanewlanguage--alltheseareexamplesofpeoplewhohavemeasurableresultstoshowfortheirefforts.Bycontrast,theprocessofpersonalgrowthismuchmoredifficulttodetermine,sincebydefinitionitisajourneyandnotthespecificsignpostsorlandmarksalongtheway.Theprocessisnottheroaditself,butrathertheattitudesandfeelingspeoplehave,theircautionorcourage,astheyencounternewexperiencesandunexpectedobstacles.Inthisprocess,thejourneyneverreallyends;therearealwaysnewwaystoexperiencetheworld,newideastotry,newchallengestoaccept.Inordertogrow,totravelnewroads,peopleneedtohaveawillingnesstotakerisks,toconfronttheunknown,andtoacceptthepossibilitythattheymay“fail”atfirst.Howweseeourselvesaswetryanewwayofbeingisessentialtoourabilitytogrow.Doweperceiveourselvesasquickandcurious?Ifso,thenwetendtotakemorechancesandtobemoreopentounfamiliarexperiences.Dowethinkwe’reshyandindecisive?Thenoursenseoftimiditycancauseustohesitate,tomoveslowly,andnottotakeastepuntilweknowthegroundissafe.Dowethinkwe’reslowtoadapttochangeorthatwe’renotsmartenoughtocopewithanewchallenge?Thenwearelikelytotakeamorepassiveroleornottryatall.Thesefeelingsofinsecurityandself-doubtarebothunavoidableandnecessaryifwearetochangeandgrow.Ifwedonotconfrontandovercometheseinternalfearsanddoubts,ifweprotectourselvestoomuch,thenweceasetogrow.Webecometrappedinsideashellofourownmaking.55.Apersonisgenerallybelievedtoachievepersonalgrowthwhen________.[A]hehasgivenuphissmokinghabit[B]hehasmadegreateffortsinhiswork[C]heiskeenonleaninganythingnew[D]hehastriedtodeterminewhereheisonhisjourney56.Intheauthor’seyes,onewhoviewspersonalgrowthasaprocesswould________.[A]succeedinclimbingupthesocialladder[B]judgehisabilitytogrowfromhisownachievements[C]facedifficultiesandtakeupchallenges[D]aimhighandreachhisgoaleachtime57.Whentheauthorsays“anewwayofbeing”(Line2~3,Para.3)heisreferringto________.[A]anewapproachtoexperiencingtheworld[B]anewwayoftakingrisks[C]anewmethodofperceivingourselves[D]anewsystemofadaptationtochange58.Forpersonalgrowth,theauthoradvocatesallofthefollowingEXCEPT________.[A]curiosityaboutmorechances[B]promptn