烟草内生细菌防治烟草黑胫病及促生作用研究①

2005,22(4):426431ChineseBulletinofBotany(11807)Authorforcorrespondence.E-mail:[e-mail]:2004-07-29:2004-09-23:,1(400050)2(400716),118579369.23%61.53%65.38%118(Phytophthoraparasiticavar.nicotianae)118,,13.10%,,TheDisease-controllingandGrowth-promotingEffectsofEndophyticBacteriainTobacco1WANGWan-Neng1QUANXue-Jun2XIAOChong-Gang1(DepartmentofBioengineering,ChongqingInstituteofTechnology,Chongqing400050)2(CollegeofPlantProtection,SouthwestAgriculturalUniversity,Chongqing400716)AbstractEndophyticbacteriapresentedinplantscanstablydevelopandpropagate.Tobaccoblackshank(Phytophthoraparasiticavar.nicotianae)isaseverediseaseoftobacco.Weselectedendophyticbacteriatocontroltobaccoblackshankandobtainedstrains118,57and93.Theircontroleffectswere69.23%,61.53%and65.38%inthegreenhouse,respectively.Strain118canrestrictthegrowthofhyphaofP.parasiticavar.nicotianae.Furthermore,strain118canrestrainthegrowthofseveralmainpathogeneticfungioftobaccoonplatesandcanpromotethegrowthoftobacco.KeywordsTobaccoblackshank,Endophyticbacteria,Biocontrol(Phytophthoraparasiticavar.nicotianae)(Nicotianatabacum),,,,,,,,(,1992),4272005:,(,2001),Georgia,(Oryzasativa),(CindyandJaco,2002)(1999)73a(Gossgpiumhirsutum)70%,,,,18,,,(Zeamays),11.1(Nicotianatabacum)‘K326’1.2(Phytophthoraparasiticavar.nicotianae)(Rhizoctoniacerealis)(Phomopsisvexans)(Rhizoctoniasolani)(Botrytiscicerea)(Collectotrichumnicotianae)(Bipolarismaydis)(Alternariaalternata)(Verticilliumdahliae)22.1,1,0.21cm3,20~26(,4500lx,12/),70%~80%4~62.2(1997)2.3,,,d=0.4cm,4,2.5cm,3,3,,d=0.4cm,,2.5cm,3,3,2.42.4.11.0108cfu.mL1,10mL,2.4.2GoodingLucas(1959)2.4.34~61)50578088939611818,2.4.1,,3,12,,10mL,2024,28(,4500lx,16/),42822(4)1Table1SelectiononplatesStrainsIsolationInhibitionWidthofinhibitionpartseffectszone(mm)43R446R550R657R873R480R688R693R1096R697S4102R3104R5118S8:R.;S.;..Note:R.Isolatedfromroot;S.Isolatedfromstem;+.Inhibitioneffect.Thenoeffectivestrainsarenotlisted.80%~90%7,0,I,2)57931183,3,121(W1):;2(W2):,187;3(W3):,1812.4.1;,30,,2.4.31)2.5118(2.3),284,2.611815,,0.21cm3,,11.0108cfu.mL-11185,3,1510Hoaglands,10mL25,2.71185793(,2001),33.1,238138,75,253.223813,5.5%,,,10mm,3mm(1,1)3.3,,,,4~6,5793118,30.00%36.66%46.66%(2)3,2,579311861.53%65.38%69.23%(3)2121~2,3314292005:1118(Phytophthoraparesiticavar.nicotianae)Fig.1Pairingcultureonplateshowingtheendophyticbacteriastrain118’scotrollingeffecttoPhytophthoraparesiticavar.nicotianae24~6Table2Greenhousetestsontobaccowith46piecesofleavesStrainsTotalplantsDiseaseplantsDiseaseindexControlefficacySignificantdifference(%)0.050.01Control363083.330aA57362158.3330.00bcBC118361644.4546.66dC93361952.7836.66dBC50362466.6719.99bB96362569.4516.65bAB88362261.1126.67bcB80362569.4516.65bAB3Table3ControlefficienciesofdifferenttestwaysingreenhouseTestwayStrainsTotalplantsDiseaseplantsDiseaseindexControlefficacySignificantdifference(%)0.050.01Control362672.220aA57362055.5523.08bABW1group93362055.5523.08bAB118361850.0030.77bB57361027.7861.53cCW2group9336925.0065.38cC11836822.2269.23cC57361850.0030.77bBW3group93361747.2234.62bB118361952.7826.92bB,,23,3,57,61.53%30.77%,,,43022(4)5118Table5Thegrowth-promotingeffectofstrain118StrainPlantsFreshweightAveragefreshweightIncreaserateSignificantdifference(g)(g)(%)0.050.01Control152.51152.532.520bB152.53118152.83152.852.8513.10aA152.863.4118PDA,118,118,(4)3.5118118,13.10%α=0.05α=0.01,118,(5)3.6(,2001),11857(Bacillus),93(Pseudomonas)4,,Andrews(1992),,,(plantgrowth-promotingrhizobacteria,PGPR),,,,,1189357,,,,(,1996),,,118,330.77%69.23%26.92%24118Table4Pairingculturestrain118withpathoge-neticfungiStrainsWidthofinhibitionzone(cm)Rhizoctoniacerealis1.23Phomopsisvexans1.13Rhizoctoniasolani0.80Botrytiscicerea1.00Collectotrichumnicotianae0.83Bipolarismaydis0.88Alternariaalternata0.75Verticilliumdahliae0.90Phytophthoraparasiticavar.1.10nicotianae4312005:,,118,,118(1996).,,pp.163-165(1992).,11(1):48-53,(2001).,,,(1999).,29:374-375,(2001).(),32:256-260(1997).,20(5):30-32AndrewsJH(1992)Biologicalcontrolinthephylloshere.AnnualReviewofPhytopathology,30:603-635CindyL,JacoV(2002)EndophyticBacteriaandtheirpotentialapplications.CriticalReviewsinPlantSciences,21:583-610GoodingGV,LucasGB(1959)Effectofinoculumlevelontheseverityoftobaccoblackshank.Phytopa-thology,49:274-276,,,,118,