vehicular communication network L1 Introduction

EE810EIntroductiontoVehicularNetworkingIntroduction08/29/2011-12/22/2011TaoZhangTelcordiaTechnologiesEmail:[e-mail]:732-699-2459OutlineObjectives,scope,andscheduleofthecourseVehicularcommunicationapplicationsWhataretheuniquechallengesindesigningaconsumervehiclenetwork?ObjectivesoftheCourseTounderstandVehicularapplicationsandvehicularnetworkingrequirementsDSRC/WAVEwirelesstechnologiesdesignedforvehicularcommunicationsPrivacyandsecurityissuesandstateoftheartMajorongoingandrecentR&DactivitiesCourseRequirementsWhatarenotrequired–NoexamsWhatarerequired–Everystudentisrequiredtoparticipateinclassdiscussionsthatwillstartfrom2ndclassEverystudentisrequiredtodefineaproblemshe/hebelievesisimportanttosolveandexplainwhy;refine/changetheproblemaftereachclass;discussitatthebeginningofnextclass–EverystudentisrequiredtocompleteafinalprojectStudentsmayusethetopictheydefinedProjectoptionswillalsobeprovidedat4thclassGrading:–30%classparticipation–70%finalprojectSomeGroundRulesforClassDiscussionsFreebrainstormingNoideasarebadideas;NojudgmentonrightorwrongofanideaIexpectYOURownthoughtsandideasGradingwillbebasedonhowmuchyoucontributeyourownthoughtstowardidentifying,formulating,defending,andsolvingaproblemContentsandSchedule1.Introduction(1)2.VehicularCommunicationApplicationsandNetworkingRequirements(1-2)3.DSRC/WAVE(3-6)–Overview–DSRCPHYandMAClayers–1609.3–1609.44.MakingCellularNetworksSuitableforVehicularCommunications(7)5.PrivacyandSecurity(8-12)–Theprivacy-preservingsecuritychallenge–3stateoftheartprivacy-preservingcertificatemechanisms–1609.2–VehicularPublicKeyInfrastructureContentsandSchedule1.MessageDissemination(13)2.LeadingR&DPrograms(14)3.StudentProjectPresentations(15)TheVehicleSafetyProblemAbout6millionmotorvehiclecrashesoccureveryyearintheUnitedStates,–In2009,~5,505,000vehiclecrashesoccurred,leadingto33,808fatalitiesand2,217,000injuredpeople–Thesenumbersaccountonlyforpolice-reportedmotorvehiclecrashesonly.–Anaverageof93peoplediedeachday(oneevery16minutes)inthesameyear.Vehiclecrashesresultinhugeeconomiccosttosociety–~2.3%oftheU.S.GrossDomesticProductin2000Intersectioncollisionsaccountsforasignificantportionofthetotalaccidents.–In2007,~2,392,061intersectioncrashesoccurred,accountingfor39.7%ofthetotalnumberofcrashes.AnnualFatalityRatesper100MillionVMTLeadingCausesofVehicleCrashesDrivererror:95%ofthetimeduetorecognition,decision,performance,non-performance,andotherorunknowndrivererrors–Recognitionerrors(inadequatesurveillance,distraction,…):40.6%–Decisionerrors(speeding,…):34%–Performanceerrors:10.3%–Nonperformance:7.1%–Otherandunknowncauses:7.9%LeadingScenariosofVehicleCrashsIntersectionorturning(~36%)Roadedgedeparturewithoutpriorvehiclemaneuver(~33%)Leadvehiclestopped(~12%)12VehicularCommunicationApplicationsTimeVehicularCommunicationCapabilitiesCooperativeSafetyApplicationsAutonomousDrivingCooperativeDrivingSafetyApplicationsFromPassiveSafetytoCooperativeSafetyAnti-lockBrakesBrakeAssistElectronicStabilityControlAutonomousSensorsAdaptiveCruiseControlLaneChangeAssistPassiveSafetyAutonomousSafetyCooperativeSafetyActiveSafetyCooperativeSafetyIntersectioncollisionavoidanceLane/roaddepartureRoadconditionwarningEmergencyelectronicbrakelights…15IntersectionCollisionAvoidance16EmergencyVehicleWarningCaution!EmergencyVehicleApproaching!17IntersectionCollisionAvoidanceCaution!RedLight!18Inter-VehicleHazardWarningWarning!VehicleBreakingAhead!19ConsumerandCommercialServidcesTollpaymentParkinglocationassistanceParkingaccess&paymentVehiclediagnostics/prognosticsFooddrive-throughpaymentConciergeassistanceSoftware/firmwareupdates……*Responsiblefor50%ofallcrashes&fatalitiesMobilityApplicationsProbedataAveragespeedTraveltimeRoadwayconditions&incidentsReal-timetravelerInfoEn-routealertsCongestionmapsDynamicrouting&navigationassistanceWeatheralertsRampmeteringEmergencyresponse21SampleExistingSystemsGMOnStarFordSyncBMWMercedes-BenzToyotaAndalmosteveryothercarbrand…..*Responsiblefor50%ofallcrashes&fatalitiesUniquenessofConsumerVehiclesNetworks1.Mostsecuritythreatsinaconsumervehiclenetworkwillbeinsiderattacks.–Adversariescanpurchaselegitimatevehicleswithvalidsecuritycredentialsandusethemtoparticipateinvehiclesafetycommunicationsasinnocentdrivers.–Adversariescanusethevalidsecuritycredentialsonthesevehiclestosendmaliciousmessagestoendangerothervehicles.–Difficulttodistinguishwhichvehiclesareinnocentandwhicharemaliciousormisbehaving.–Previousnetworksecuritydesignshavecommonlyassumedthattheprimarysecuritythreatsarefromoutsideattackers.UniquenessofConsumerVehiclesNetworks2.Consumervehiclecommunicationsareoftenhighlytransient.–Whenvehiclesmeetwitheachother,theyoftenstaywithineachother’sradiorangesforaveryshorttimeperiod–oftenasshortasafewseconds–PreviousstudiesofMANETshaveconventionallyassumedthatneighboringvehicleswillstaywirelesslyconnectedwitheachotherformuchlongertimeframes3.Whenaconsumervehicletakesatripeachtime,itwilllikelymeetmanyvehiclesthatithasnevermetbefore.–Theym